本文選題：餐廚垃圾 + 剩余污泥　； 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：餐廚垃圾產(chǎn)量日益增加,對(duì)環(huán)境造成的危害日益嚴(yán)峻,成為我國(guó)城市生活垃圾處理的一大難題,其營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)豐富,可生化性高,但是在厭氧消化過(guò)程中水解速度過(guò)快導(dǎo)致有機(jī)酸易積累,且含鹽量高、油脂高,使得反應(yīng)器中的微生物活性易受到抑制。另一方面,作為我國(guó)污水處理的一大難題,剩余污泥由于可生化性較低,水解過(guò)程緩慢導(dǎo)致微生物的營(yíng)養(yǎng)供應(yīng)不足,進(jìn)而限制了其厭氧消化的反應(yīng)速率,影響了沼氣的產(chǎn)量,所以一般常用填埋等方式處理,占用了土地且易造成二次污染。本研究旨在同時(shí)解決餐廚垃圾和剩余污泥的處理問(wèn)題,又從其中獲得生物能源,具有重大研究意義。本試驗(yàn)分別在常溫和高溫條件下,利用UASB反應(yīng)器對(duì)餐廚垃圾和剩余污泥進(jìn)行了協(xié)同厭氧消化試驗(yàn)研究,探索了整個(gè)連續(xù)流厭氧消化試驗(yàn)從顆粒污泥中微生物的復(fù)壯培養(yǎng)、馴化到最后的消化處理階段出水COD濃度、COD去除率、p H值、VFA含量、沼氣產(chǎn)量等指標(biāo)的變化情況,并考察了溫度對(duì)各階段工作狀態(tài)的影響,分析了不同溫度協(xié)同厭氧消化的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì),以期為實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用提供參考依據(jù)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:(1)在常溫條件下進(jìn)行餐廚垃圾和剩余污泥協(xié)同厭氧消化是可行的,經(jīng)過(guò)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的日常溫度波動(dòng)及晝夜溫差變化的馴化,微生物可以對(duì)溫度變化形成較好的適應(yīng)性,常溫消化最佳容積負(fù)荷為13g COD/(L·d),此時(shí)COD去除率基本可以控制在80%以上,產(chǎn)氣量隨溫度波動(dòng)而發(fā)生變化,處理階段平均產(chǎn)氣率為0.23L/g COD,甲烷含量在58%~85.1%之間波動(dòng);(2)在高溫條件下對(duì)餐廚垃圾和剩余污泥進(jìn)行協(xié)同厭氧消化可以大大提高容積負(fù)荷和產(chǎn)氣率,在容積負(fù)荷為29g COD/(L·d)時(shí)達(dá)到最大產(chǎn)氣量50.3L/d,此時(shí)COD去除率基本可以控制在85%以上,處理階段平均產(chǎn)氣率為0.43L/g COD,甲烷含量在56%~80.4%之間波動(dòng);(3)不同溫度下的能量?jī)舢a(chǎn)值與甲烷回收裝置的能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率有關(guān),不同的城市和地區(qū)可以根據(jù)自身的條件和要求選擇不同溫度的協(xié)同消化。
[Abstract]:The production of kitchen waste is increasing day by day, and the harm to the environment is becoming more and more serious. It has become a big problem in the treatment of domestic garbage in our country. It has rich nutrition and high biodegradability. However, the high hydrolysis rate during anaerobic digestion resulted in the accumulation of organic acids, high salt content and high oil content, which resulted in the inhibition of microbial activity in the reactor. On the other hand, as a difficult problem in wastewater treatment in China, the low biodegradability and slow hydrolysis process of excess sludge lead to insufficient nutrient supply of microorganisms, which limits the reaction rate of anaerobic digestion and affects the production of biogas. So commonly used landfills and other methods of treatment, occupation of land and easy to cause secondary pollution. The purpose of this study is to solve the problem of treating kitchen waste and excess sludge simultaneously, and to obtain bioenergy from it, which is of great significance. In this experiment, UASB reactor was used to study the synergistic anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste and excess sludge at room temperature and high temperature respectively, and the whole continuous flow anaerobic digestion experiment was explored to regenerate microorganism from granular sludge. The change of effluent COD concentration, pH value, biogas yield and so on in the final digesting stage were investigated. The effect of temperature on the working state of each stage was also investigated. The advantages and disadvantages of synergistic anaerobic digestion at different temperatures are analyzed in order to provide reference for practical engineering application. The results show that it is feasible to combine anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste and excess sludge at room temperature. After a long time of daily temperature fluctuation and domestication of diurnal temperature difference, The optimum volumetric load of normal temperature digestion is 13g COD/(L DU, and the removal rate of COD can be controlled to more than 80%, and the gas production varies with temperature fluctuation. In the treatment stage, the average gas production rate was 0.23L/g COD, and the methane content fluctuated between 58.1% and 85.1%. Under the condition of high temperature, synergistic anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste and excess sludge could greatly improve the volumetric load and gas production rate. When the volumetric load is 29g COD/(L _ d), the maximum gas production is 50.3 L / d, and the removal rate of COD can be controlled to more than 85%. The average gas production rate in the treatment stage is 0.43L/g COD, and the energy net output value at different temperatures is related to the energy conversion efficiency of the methane recovery unit, and the methane content fluctuates between 560.40% and 80.4%. Different cities and regions can choose different temperatures according to their own conditions and requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X70;S216.4

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