本文選題：土壤滲濾系統(tǒng) + 氮�。� 參考：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：生活污水的大量排放、水體富營養(yǎng)化以及土壤缺磷等環(huán)境問題啟發(fā)人們走出了一條資源化道路——生活污水灌溉農(nóng)田。這種將生活污水變廢為寶、實現(xiàn)污染物環(huán)保化、資源化的污水回用方式即是本文將要研究的土壤滲濾技術(shù)的一種實際應(yīng)用。土壤滲濾系統(tǒng)中,反硝化作為脫氮的限制步驟,因其厭氧條件通常發(fā)生在土壤深層,而由于淺層土壤對磷強(qiáng)烈的吸附截留作用,是否使得深層土壤中因為磷營養(yǎng)元素的缺乏,從而抑制了反硝化菌的活性、限制了反硝化過程,造成土壤的脫氮效果不理想的現(xiàn)象有待研究�；谝陨蟽牲c,本課題以土壤滲濾系統(tǒng)為主體,結(jié)合假設(shè)——磷作為深層土壤中反硝化作用限制因子的可能性,探討磷在深型土壤滲濾系統(tǒng)中對氮的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化作用機(jī)制。實驗采用直徑0.3m、高2.0m的PVC有機(jī)玻璃柱模擬地下土壤滲濾系統(tǒng),在玻璃內(nèi)裝填深2.0m的取自北京順義實驗基地的原位土,加灌含有不同磷濃度的模擬生活污水,研究磷在不同磷負(fù)荷條件下的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化變化規(guī)律,及其對氮遷移轉(zhuǎn)化的影響。該深型土壤滲濾系統(tǒng)對污水中銨態(tài)氮和磷有非常好的去除效果,出水穩(wěn)定均達(dá)到一級A標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。除去前期的調(diào)試階段,系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定后對它們的去除率可分別達(dá)80%、99.9%,并不受磷負(fù)荷的影響,至少在實驗階段,磷負(fù)荷不影響系統(tǒng)氮、磷最終出水水質(zhì),但是對氮、磷的去除過程有影響。土壤對磷有強(qiáng)烈的吸附固定作用,是去除磷的主要方式,增大磷負(fù)荷能促進(jìn)上表層土壤磷的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化作用;較高的磷負(fù)荷能加大垂直遷移距離,同時加快上表層土壤對磷的吸附飽和,加強(qiáng)其在土壤中穿透力。土壤對氮的去除主要是依賴其硝化-反硝化作用;提高磷濃度能加快淺層土壤的脫氮速率,尤其是反硝化速率;土壤中氮、磷的凈化達(dá)標(biāo)都需要一定的土壤厚度來完成。實驗中三種磷濃度條件下,當(dāng)進(jìn)水磷負(fù)荷為30mg/L時,土壤表層的脫氮速率更高,是三種情況下,氮和磷均達(dá)標(biāo)所需最小深度值也最小,為0.8m。
[Abstract]:The environmental problems, such as the discharge of domestic sewage, eutrophication of water body and phosphorus deficiency in soil, have inspired people to find a way to make use of domestic sewage to irrigate farmland. It is a practical application of the soil leachate technology which will be studied in this paper to convert the domestic sewage into a treasure to realize the environmental protection of pollutants and to recycle the sewage. In soil leachate system, denitrification is the limiting step of denitrification, because its anaerobic condition usually occurs in the deep layer of soil, but because of the strong adsorption and retention of phosphorus in shallow soil, does it cause the deficiency of phosphorus nutrient element in deep soil. Therefore, the activity of denitrifying bacteria was inhibited, the process of denitrification was limited, and the phenomenon that the nitrogen removal effect of soil was not ideal need to be studied. Based on the above two points, the mechanism of phosphorus migration and transformation to nitrogen in deep soil leachate system was discussed by taking soil leachate system as the main body and hypothesized phosphorus as the limiting factor of denitrification in deep soil. An underground soil leachate system was simulated with 0.3m diameter and 2.0m high PVC organic glass column. The in-situ soil with a depth of 2.0m was filled in the glass, and the simulated domestic sewage containing different phosphorus concentrations was added to the soil in situ, which was taken from Shunyi Experimental Base in Beijing. To study the change law of phosphorus migration and transformation under different phosphorus loading conditions and its effect on nitrogen transport and transformation. The deep soil leachate system has a very good removal effect on ammonium nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage, and the effluent stability is up to the first class A standard. Apart from the early commissioning stage, the removal rates of the systems after stabilization can reach 80 / 99.9, respectively, and are not affected by the phosphorus load. At least in the experimental stage, the phosphorus load does not affect the final effluent water quality of the system nitrogen and phosphorus, but for nitrogen, Phosphorus removal process has an effect. The soil has strong adsorption and fixation to phosphorus, which is the main way to remove phosphorus, increasing phosphorus load can promote the transfer and transformation of phosphorus in the topsoil, and higher phosphorus load can increase the vertical transport distance. At the same time, the adsorption saturation of phosphorus in the topsoil was accelerated, and its permeability in the soil was strengthened. Soil nitrogen removal mainly depends on nitrification-denitrification; increasing phosphorus concentration can accelerate the denitrification rate of shallow soil, especially denitrification rate; the purification of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil requires a certain soil thickness to complete. Under the three phosphorus concentration conditions, when the influent phosphorus load was 30mg/L, the denitrification rate of the soil surface layer was higher, and the minimum depth required for both nitrogen and phosphorus to reach the standard was the smallest (0.8 m) under the three conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703;X144

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本文編號：1922818