本文選題：鋼渣 + 鉛離子��； 參考：《南京理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：吸附法以其設(shè)備簡單、去除效率高和易操作等優(yōu)點成為了目前處理水中重金屬污染物最為廣泛使用的方法之一,而尋找一種吸附性能好、價格低廉的吸附劑是吸附法應(yīng)用的關(guān)鍵。鋼渣作為煉鋼過程中產(chǎn)生的一種固體廢棄物,具有較大比表面積和多孔結(jié)構(gòu),是一種良好的吸附劑�；谏鲜鲇^點,本文選擇鋼渣作為吸附劑,研究了其對水中鉛離子和鎘離子的吸附去除特征。實驗利用化學成分分析儀、XRD、BET、SEM等表征手段對鋼渣的化學成分、性質(zhì)和結(jié)構(gòu)特征進行分析,結(jié)果表明鋼渣的主要成分為CaO,溶于水中呈堿性,對鉛離子和鎘離子具有一定的化學沉淀作用；觀察鋼渣的外貌發(fā)現(xiàn),鋼渣表面粗糙多孔,有利于吸附水中重金屬離子。通過單一離子靜態(tài)吸附實驗,對鋼渣的投加量、溶液初始pH、反應(yīng)溫度以及反應(yīng)時間對吸附效果的影響進行了研究,結(jié)果表明鋼渣投加量和反應(yīng)時間對去除效果有較大影響,鋼渣最佳質(zhì)量投加比分別為鉛/鋼渣=1：10和鎘/鋼渣=1：20；初始pH值和溫度對鋼渣吸附重金屬離子的影響不大,鋼渣能夠很好地適應(yīng)廢水的變化。實驗還對鋼渣去除重金屬離子的機理進行了研究：通過觀察實驗現(xiàn)象及XRD、SEM分析表征,可知吸附和化學沉淀作用是鋼渣去除鉛離子和鎘離子的主要機制。通過研究吸附機理可知,準二級動力學模型和Langmuir模型能更好的描述鋼渣吸附鉛離子和鎘離子的過程,鋼渣對水中鉛離子和鎘離子的吸附速率由化學吸附機制控制,其吸附形式為單層吸附。動態(tài)吸附實驗結(jié)果表明,穿透時間隨床層高度的增加而增加,但是隨進水流速和進水初始濃度的增加而減少。動態(tài)吸附過程符合Thomas方程,相關(guān)系數(shù)R2值均在0.9以上,運用該方程可準確預測吸附柱的操作參數(shù)。通過計算結(jié)果可知,鋼渣吸附柱對鉛離子和鎘離子的最大吸附量分別為69.86 mg/g和55.14 mg/g；動態(tài)競爭吸附實驗結(jié)果還表明鋼渣對鉛離子和鎘離子的吸附優(yōu)先順序為Pb2+Cd2+。
[Abstract]:Because of its simple equipment, high removal efficiency and easy operation, adsorption method has become one of the most widely used methods for treatment of heavy metal pollutants in water. Low-cost adsorbent is the key to the application of adsorption method. As a kind of solid waste produced in steelmaking process, steel slag is a good adsorbent with large specific surface area and porous structure. Based on the above viewpoint, the adsorption and removal characteristics of lead and cadmium ions in water were studied by using steel slag as adsorbent. The chemical composition, properties and structural characteristics of steel slag were analyzed by means of chemical composition analyzer XRDX et SEM. The results show that the main composition of steel slag is Cao, which is soluble in water and is alkaline. It is found that the surface of steel slag is rough and porous, which is beneficial to the adsorption of heavy metal ions in water. Through the static adsorption experiment of single ion, the effects of adding amount of steel slag, initial pH of solution, reaction temperature and reaction time on the adsorption effect were studied. The results showed that the addition amount and reaction time of steel slag had great influence on the removal efficiency. The optimum mass addition ratio of steel slag is 1: 10 for lead / steel slag and 1: 20 for cadmium / steel slag respectively. The initial pH value and temperature have little effect on the adsorption of heavy metal ions by steel slag, and the steel slag can adapt to the change of wastewater. The mechanism of removing heavy metal ions from steel slag was also studied. The adsorption and chemical precipitation were the main mechanisms of removing lead ion and cadmium ion by observing the experimental phenomenon and analyzing by SEM. Through the study of adsorption mechanism, the quasi-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model can better describe the adsorption process of lead and cadmium ions in steel slag, and the adsorption rate of steel slag to lead and cadmium ions in water is controlled by chemical adsorption mechanism. The adsorption form is monolayer adsorption. The experimental results of dynamic adsorption show that the penetration time increases with the increase of bed height, but decreases with the increase of influent velocity and initial concentration of influent. The dynamic adsorption process accords with the Thomas equation and the correlation coefficient R2 is above 0.9. The operating parameters of the adsorption column can be accurately predicted by using the equation. The results show that the maximum adsorption amounts of lead ion and cadmium ion on steel slag adsorption column are 69.86 mg/g and 55.14 mg / g, respectively, and the dynamic competitive adsorption results also show that the preferential order of adsorption of lead ion and cadmium ion on steel slag is Pb2 Cd2.
【學位授予單位】：南京理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703

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本文編號：1911095