本文選題：大氣環(huán)境 + 污染特征��； 參考：《蘭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：大氣環(huán)境優(yōu)劣事關(guān)人民群眾健康與否,事關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)健康發(fā)展與否。當(dāng)前,以可吸入顆粒物(PM10)、細(xì)顆粒物(PM2.5)為特征污染物的區(qū)域性大氣環(huán)境問題日益突出,損害人民群眾身體健康,影響社會和諧穩(wěn)定。隨著目前工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化的深入推進(jìn),能源資源消耗持續(xù)增加,大氣污染防治壓力繼續(xù)加大。2013年9月份,國務(wù)院印發(fā)了《大氣污染防治行動計劃》,提出了明確的行動目標(biāo)。但由于平?jīng)鍪刑幱谖鞅辈壳钒l(fā)達(dá)的地區(qū),的大氣污染特征和環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量均有不同程度的差異,加之部分行業(yè)污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)出臺較早,對排放口安裝污染物自動監(jiān)控設(shè)施未做要求或者僅提出“新建企業(yè)或現(xiàn)在企業(yè)安裝污染物自動監(jiān)控設(shè)施的相關(guān)要求,按有關(guān)法律和《污染源自動監(jiān)控管理辦法》的規(guī)定執(zhí)行”,在實際操作中難以執(zhí)行。本論文通過分析查閱資料,在了解國內(nèi)外對各地大氣污染特征及防治措施和監(jiān)測監(jiān)控方案研究的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合平?jīng)鍪薪甏髿猸h(huán)境質(zhì)量和污染物監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展特征、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、地區(qū)氣候氣象條件等,利用大氣污染綜合指數(shù),分析得出平?jīng)鍪写髿猸h(huán)境污染具有明顯的季節(jié)性和煤煙型特征,總結(jié)目前平?jīng)鍪性诖髿猸h(huán)境質(zhì)量監(jiān)測監(jiān)控和管理方面的不足和存在的問題,從而對當(dāng)前的環(huán)境監(jiān)測監(jiān)控要求進(jìn)行優(yōu)化調(diào)整,從監(jiān)控數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)量、能力建設(shè)和體制機(jī)制等角度提出三個方面九條環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量和污染源監(jiān)測監(jiān)控方案,同時結(jié)合排污許可情況,按照新《環(huán)境保護(hù)法》的相關(guān)條款要求,篩選一批市列重點廢氣排污單位實施自動監(jiān)控,全方位、全時段監(jiān)測污染物排放和污染治理設(shè)施運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)情況,最終做到避免政策執(zhí)行過程中的“一刀切”和環(huán)境質(zhì)量數(shù)據(jù)無法準(zhǔn)確反映當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境特征的情形,針對優(yōu)化調(diào)整的監(jiān)控方案,提出了大氣環(huán)境治理的措施和防控手段,從而為為平?jīng)鍪袑嵤╇]東能源化工基地建設(shè)和甘肅省提出的“中心帶動、兩翼齊飛、組團(tuán)發(fā)展、整體推進(jìn)”的區(qū)域發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略提供必要的理論支持,實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與天藍(lán)地綠并行。
[Abstract]:The quality of the atmospheric environment is related to the health of the people and the healthy development of the economy. At present, the regional atmospheric environmental problems, characterized by particulate matter (PM10) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5), are increasingly prominent, which harm the health of the people and affect social harmony and stability. With the deepening of industrialization and urbanization, the consumption of energy and resources is increasing, and the pressure of air pollution prevention and control is increasing. In September 2013, the State Council issued the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air pollution, and put forward a clear target for action. However, because Pingliang City is in an underdeveloped region in the northwest, the characteristics of air pollution and the ambient air quality are different to varying degrees, and the emission standards of pollutants in some industries are issued earlier. No requirements have been made for the installation of pollutant automatic monitoring facilities at discharge ports or only "the relevant requirements for the installation of pollutant automatic monitoring facilities by new or current enterprises shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations on automatic pollution source monitoring and administration", It is difficult to execute in practice. On the basis of analyzing and consulting data, on the basis of understanding the characteristics of air pollution, prevention and control measures and monitoring schemes at home and abroad, combined with the monitoring data of atmospheric environment quality and pollutants in Pingliang city in recent three years, The characteristics of economic and social development, industrial structure, regional climatic and meteorological conditions and so on. By using the comprehensive air pollution index, it is concluded that the atmospheric environment pollution in Pingliang city has obvious seasonal and soot characteristics. Summing up the deficiencies and problems existing in monitoring and management of atmospheric environmental quality in Pingliang City at present, so as to optimize and adjust the requirements of current environmental monitoring and control, and from the quality of monitoring data, From the perspectives of capacity-building and institutional mechanisms, this paper puts forward nine plans for monitoring and monitoring environmental air quality and pollution sources in three aspects, and at the same time, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the new Environmental Protection Law, To select a number of key municipal waste gas emission units to carry out automatic monitoring, and to monitor the discharge of pollutants and the operation of pollution control facilities in all directions and during the whole period of time, Finally, to avoid the "one-size-fits-all" situation in the process of policy implementation and the situation that the environmental quality data cannot accurately reflect the local environmental characteristics, aiming at the monitoring scheme of optimization and adjustment, the paper puts forward the measures and means of prevention and control for the control of the atmospheric environment. Thus providing necessary theoretical support for the implementation of the construction of the Longdong energy and chemical industry base in Pingliang City and the regional development strategy of "Center driving, both wings flying together, forming a regiment and promoting the whole" proposed by Gansu Province. To achieve economic development and the sky blue green parallel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X51

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本文編號：1908797