本文選題：水庫 + 動(dòng)態(tài)��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：水庫是重要的水利工程,在防洪、供水等方面發(fā)揮著重要的社會(huì)功能,在新時(shí)期水庫的供水功能愈加突出,因此水庫水質(zhì)問題也成為理論研究和生產(chǎn)生活的焦點(diǎn)。本文針對(duì)水體水質(zhì)的時(shí)空變化性和評(píng)價(jià)過程中各指標(biāo)間相互影響以及指標(biāo)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)間的模糊邊界問題,以大連市碧流河水庫為例進(jìn)行了水質(zhì)時(shí)空監(jiān)測(cè)及動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)方面的研究,研究的主要成果如下：(1)水庫污染源分布廣,而且污染物進(jìn)入水體后,會(huì)隨水流運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生遷移、轉(zhuǎn)化,由于水庫水體較大,水體水質(zhì)要素在空間分布上存在差異；同時(shí)由于不同季節(jié)水文、氣象等條件的影響,水體水質(zhì)狀態(tài)是動(dòng)態(tài)連續(xù)變化的。結(jié)合這些特點(diǎn),并在綜合考慮水文、地形及水動(dòng)力學(xué)條件的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)碧流河水庫水質(zhì)進(jìn)行時(shí)空監(jiān)測(cè),獲得了連續(xù)時(shí)空條件下的水質(zhì)監(jiān)測(cè)樣本,為接下來的研究工作奠定了可靠的基礎(chǔ)。建議對(duì)復(fù)雜地形邊界的水庫大水體進(jìn)行時(shí)空綜合監(jiān)測(cè)來掌握水庫水質(zhì)實(shí)際狀態(tài)。(2)針對(duì)水質(zhì)綜合評(píng)價(jià)中存在的模糊性和時(shí)空變化性兩類問題,本文探索了基于可變模糊識(shí)別模型的動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)方法,并結(jié)合GIS的地統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)模型對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果進(jìn)行空間分析及可視化表達(dá)。將該方法應(yīng)用于碧流河水庫水質(zhì)綜合評(píng)價(jià),結(jié)果顯示該水庫水質(zhì)較好,均處于Ⅱ～Ⅲ類之間,表明該水庫可作為穩(wěn)定的生活供水水源。同時(shí),實(shí)例應(yīng)用與方法比較也驗(yàn)證了該方法的合理、適用性。(3)通過對(duì)水庫水質(zhì)時(shí)序演變過程、空間分布差異狀況及深水區(qū)水質(zhì)分層特征三方面的研究,可發(fā)現(xiàn)伴隨著流域季節(jié)變化帶來的降雨和溫度的變化,水庫部分監(jiān)測(cè)指標(biāo)會(huì)出現(xiàn)季節(jié)性超標(biāo)現(xiàn)象,且水庫綜合水質(zhì)也表現(xiàn)出一定的季節(jié)變化規(guī)律；由于受降雨徑流、流域人類經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)及水庫水動(dòng)力條件的空間差異的綜合影響,水庫水質(zhì)呈現(xiàn)出由入庫口向庫區(qū)逐漸變好的空間分布態(tài)勢(shì),且在夏季水質(zhì)空間差異最為顯著；由于碧流河水庫水深較深,水溫和溶解氧會(huì)存在季節(jié)性分層現(xiàn)象,這使得水庫內(nèi)源污染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)水平提高,進(jìn)而使得水庫深水區(qū)存在表層水質(zhì)好于底層的水質(zhì)分層狀況。(4)從點(diǎn)源、面源、內(nèi)源污染及水庫調(diào)度四個(gè)方面系統(tǒng)分析了水庫水污染成因,結(jié)果表明降雨驅(qū)動(dòng)的面源污染是水庫面臨的主要污染,同時(shí)水庫內(nèi)源污染也是不可忽視的。為有效保障水庫水質(zhì)安全供水,分別從削減外源污染、識(shí)別與控制內(nèi)源污染、優(yōu)化水質(zhì)監(jiān)測(cè)體系、加強(qiáng)水庫規(guī)范化管理等方面探討了水庫水質(zhì)保護(hù)對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:Reservoir is an important water conservancy project, which plays an important social function in flood control, water supply and so on. In the new period, the water supply function of reservoir becomes more and more prominent, so the water quality of reservoir has also become the focus of theoretical research and production and life. In view of the spatio-temporal variability of water quality and the interaction between the indexes and the fuzzy boundary between the indexes and standards, this paper studies the spatio-temporal monitoring and dynamic evaluation of water quality in the Biliuhe Reservoir of Dalian City. The main results of the study are as follows: (1) the pollution source of the reservoir is widely distributed, and when the pollutant enters the water body, it will migrate and transform with the water flow movement. Because of the large water body of the reservoir, there are differences in the spatial distribution of the water quality elements. At the same time, the water quality changes continuously because of the influence of hydrology and meteorology in different seasons. Combining these characteristics and considering the hydrological, topographic and hydrodynamic conditions, the water quality of the Biliuhe reservoir is monitored in time and space, and the water quality monitoring samples under continuous time and space conditions are obtained. For the next research work laid a reliable foundation. It is suggested that spatiotemporal comprehensive monitoring of large reservoir water body with complex terrain boundary should be carried out to master the actual water quality of reservoir. (2) aiming at the two kinds of problems existing in the comprehensive evaluation of water quality, such as fuzziness and spatiotemporal variability, it is suggested that In this paper, the dynamic evaluation method based on variable fuzzy recognition model is explored, and the spatial analysis and visual expression of the evaluation results are carried out based on the geostatistics model of GIS. The method is applied to the comprehensive evaluation of the water quality of the Biliuhe Reservoir. The results show that the water quality of the reservoir is good, which is between class 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：1901484