本文選題：河南省 + 種植業(yè)��； 參考：《中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：能值分析理論是目前系統(tǒng)生態(tài)學(xué)和生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)發(fā)展的新成果,克服了傳統(tǒng)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)分析方法(能量分析法)的不足,把不同種類、不可比較的能量統(tǒng)一轉(zhuǎn)換成能值,能定量分析生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能,評價(jià)與分析其可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力,為生態(tài)系統(tǒng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展開辟了一條新的研究途徑。本文以河南省為例,基于河南省2006-2011年六年間種植業(yè)相關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),采用生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能值分析模型和時(shí)間序列分析法,構(gòu)建了河南省種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能值指標(biāo)體系,評價(jià)和分析了其能值指標(biāo)體系中的各指標(biāo),對河南省種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行探討,并提出了相關(guān)建議,主要結(jié)論如下：(1)通過生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能值分析模型,建立了河南省2006-2011年種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能值投入表,系統(tǒng)分析了2006-2011年六年間,河南省種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能值投入的具體情況。河南省2006年至2011年種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能值投入量依次為：1.507 E+22 sej、1.537+22 sej、1.533E+22 sej、15.17E+22 sej、1.60E+22 sej、1.57E+22sej,其中不可更新工業(yè)輔助能值投入最大,化肥占得比例幾乎每年都接近80%,根據(jù)優(yōu)化施肥的相關(guān)知識可以判斷當(dāng)?shù)鼗世寐实?一定程度上成為種植成本增加的主要原因。(2)建立了河南省2006-2011年種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能值產(chǎn)出表。通過模型可得2006-2011年六年間河南省種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能值產(chǎn)出量依次為1.72 E+22 sej、1.87 E+22 sej、1.90E+22 sej、1.91E+22sej、1.938+22 sej、2.02 E+22 sej,農(nóng)作物能值產(chǎn)出逐年增加,說明河南省種植業(yè)產(chǎn)量在逐年升高,產(chǎn)量也在穩(wěn)步升高。(3)構(gòu)建了河南省種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能值指標(biāo)體系,即河南省2006-2011年系統(tǒng)各指標(biāo)能值流量情況。其中有機(jī)輔助能值比率逐年下降(25.8%～21.3%),工業(yè)輔助能值比率逐年上升(53.5%～56.6%),這表明河南省種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)發(fā)展模式正在趨于現(xiàn)代化。人均能值用量(1.60E+14-1.70E+14)、能值密度(9.02E+11-9.58E+11)都表現(xiàn)出逐年上升的趨勢,這表明了河南省種植業(yè)發(fā)展水平較高,等級地位較高,人民生活水平和生活質(zhì)量提升較快。能值投資率(3.83-3.52)和能值購買率(79.3%-77.9%)呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢,表明河南省種植業(yè)在發(fā)展過程中忽略了經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,其發(fā)展建立在高投入的基礎(chǔ)之上。環(huán)境負(fù)載率從2006年的3.82下降至2011年的3.76,環(huán)境負(fù)載率在減少,種植業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)對自然環(huán)境的壓力不是很大。(4)探討了河南省種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的策略。由能值指標(biāo)體系可得河南省種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展能值指標(biāo)呈現(xiàn)逐年上升的趨勢,但其指標(biāo)遠(yuǎn)小于1(0.370～0.439),表明河南省種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)屬于高消費(fèi)的耗竭型生態(tài)系統(tǒng),應(yīng)調(diào)整優(yōu)化系統(tǒng)投能結(jié)構(gòu),充分利用好環(huán)境資源,加大科技投入力度,提高種植業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率和產(chǎn)品競爭能力,這樣才能促進(jìn)河南省種植業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。(5)河南省種植業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)目前存在的主要問題,包括耕地地力不足,人口壓力日益增大,種植業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,生態(tài)系統(tǒng)環(huán)境負(fù)載大,農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)配套體系有待完善等。并相應(yīng)的提出了解決問題的對策：推進(jìn)土地整理和移土培肥工作,控制人口增長、提高生活質(zhì)量,優(yōu)化升級種植業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)建良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境,建立農(nóng)業(yè)配套科學(xué)技術(shù)體系等。
[Abstract]:The theory of energy analysis is a new achievement in the development of system ecology and ecological economics. It overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional ecosystem analysis method (energy analysis method). It converts the energy of different kinds and uncomparable into the energy value. It can quantitatively analyze the structure and function of the ecosystem, evaluate and analyze its sustainable development ability, and make it ecological. The sustainable development of the system has opened up a new way of research. Based on Henan Province as an example, based on the statistical data of the planting industry in Henan Province in the past 2006-2011 years and six years, the eco system energy index system of the planting industry in Henan province is constructed by using the ecological system energy analysis model and the time series analysis method. The index body of the energy value of the Henan province is evaluated and analyzed. The indexes in the system are discussed and some suggestions are put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) through the ecosystem energy analysis model, the energy input table of the 2006-2011 year Planting Ecosystem in Henan province is set up, and the energy input of the Planting Ecosystem in Henan province is systematically analyzed in the period of 2006-2011 years and six years. The energy input of Henan province from 2006 to 2011 was 1.507 E+22 sej, 1.537+22 sej, 1.533E+22 sej, 15.17E+22 sej, 1.60E+22 sej, 1.57E+22sej, among which the non renewable industrial auxiliary energy input was the largest, and the proportion of chemical fertilizer was nearly 80% every year, according to the knowledge of optimized fertilization. In order to judge the low utilization rate of local fertilizer, the main reason for increasing the cost of planting is to a certain extent. (2) the energy output table of the 2006-2011 year Planting Ecosystem in Henan province was established. Through the model, the energy output of the Planting Ecosystem in Henan province was 1.72 E+22 sej, 1.87 E+22 sej, 1.90E+22 sej, 1.91E+ in turn. 22sej, 1.938+22 sej, 2.02 E+22 sej, the output of crop can increase year by year, indicating that the production of planting industry in Henan is increasing year by year, and the output is steadily increasing. (3) the index system of energy value of the ecological system of planting industry in Henan province is constructed, that is, the capacity of each index in the 2006-2011 year system of Henan Province, the ratio of organic auxiliary energy is declining year by year. (25.8% to 21.3%), the industrial auxiliary energy ratio increased year by year (53.5% ~ 56.6%), which indicates that the development model of the Planting Ecosystem in Henan is becoming modernized. The per capita energy value (1.60E+14-1.70E+14) and the energy density (9.02E+11-9.58E+11) show a rising trend year by year, which indicates that the development level of the planting industry in Henan is higher and the level is higher. The people's living standard and the quality of life have been improved rapidly. The 3.83-3.52 and 79.3%-77.9% are declining. It shows that the growth of Henan planting industry has ignored the economic benefits, and its development is based on high investment. The environmental load rate dropped from 3.82 in 2006 to 3.76 in 2011. The environmental load rate is decreasing, the production of ecological economy system in the planting industry is not very heavy on the natural environment. (4) the strategy of sustainable development of the Planting Ecosystem in Henan province is discussed. The index system can obtain the trend of the sustainable development of the sustainable development of the Planting Ecosystem in Henan Province, but the index is far less than 1. (0.370 to 0.439), it shows that the Planting Ecosystem in Henan is a highly consuming and exhaustible ecosystem. It is necessary to adjust and optimize the investment structure of the system, make full use of the environmental resources, increase the investment of science and technology, improve the production efficiency of the planting industry and the competitive ability of the products, so as to promote the sustainability of the eco economic system of the planting industry in Henan province. (5) the main problems existing in the ecological system of the planting industry in Henan Province, including the shortage of cultivated land, the increasing population pressure, the unreasonable planting structure, the great load of the ecological system environment, the improvement of the agricultural scientific supporting system, and so on. We should increase population growth, improve the quality of life, optimize and upgrade the structure of planting industry, build a good ecological environment, and establish an integrated agricultural science and technology system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S181

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