本文選題：鲴魚 + 鰱　； 參考：《中國(guó)環(huán)境科學(xué)》2016年12期

【摘要】：開展室內(nèi)模擬實(shí)驗(yàn),研究鰱、鳙和鲴不同混養(yǎng)系統(tǒng)中排泄物的量及微囊藻活性的變化.實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)置鰱鳙組合,鰱鳙鲴組合以及對(duì)照組,其中鰱鳙生物量放養(yǎng)比例為3:1,鰱鳙鲴組合中生物量放養(yǎng)比例為3:1:1,實(shí)驗(yàn)周期14d.結(jié)果顯示,鰱鳙組和鰱鳙鲴組均能降低微囊藻密度,兩組無(wú)顯著差異(P0.05),但是均極顯著小于對(duì)照組(P0.01).混養(yǎng)鲴魚可以降低排泄物的量及微囊藻的被消化率,鰱鳙鲴組排泄物的量在第4d開始下降,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束時(shí)是鰱鳙組的16.08%.鰱鳙鲴組微囊藻的被消化率,第5d后快速增長(zhǎng),至實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束達(dá)到85.9%,極顯著高于鰱鳙組(P0.01).鰱鳙組和鰱鳙鲴組排泄物中的氨基酸和總氮含量相比未被攝食微囊藻減少率分別為33.17%、53.62%和34.97%、54.27%.鰱鳙鲴組和鰱鳙組排泄物光能活性(Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、Yeld、q P及NPQ表示)和生長(zhǎng)活性差異(EPS、Chla表示)較大,鰱鳙組微囊藻葉綠素?zé)晒鈪?shù)(除NPQ外)值經(jīng)過短暫的下降后開始增長(zhǎng),而鰱鳙鲴組Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、Yeld及q P在培養(yǎng)過程中下降顯著,且至第5d后葉綠素?zé)晒鈪?shù)(除NPQ外)均極顯著低于鰱鳙組(P0.01).鰱鳙鲴組NPQ呈上升的趨勢(shì),且第7d后極顯著高于鰱鳙組(P0.01).在排泄物培養(yǎng)期間,鰱鳙鲴組排泄物中微囊藻的胞外多糖(EPS)含量、葉綠素a(Chl a)濃度不斷下降,至實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束極顯著低于鰱鳙組(P0.01).結(jié)果表明,在鰱鳙控藻的基礎(chǔ)上,混養(yǎng)鲴魚可以減少鰱鳙攝食微囊藻后的排泄物,同時(shí)降低排泄物中微囊藻活性,減少了因鰱鳙排泄物引起的水環(huán)境污染和生態(tài)影響.
[Abstract]:Laboratory simulation experiments were carried out to study the changes of excreta and microcystis activity in different mixed culture systems of silver carp bighead carp and catfish. The experiment set up the combination of silver carp and bighead carp, the combination of silver carp and bighead carp and the control group, in which the stocking ratio of the biomass of silver carp and bighead carp was 3: 1, and that of the combination of silver carp and bighead carp was 3: 1: 1. The results showed that both the silver carp and bighead carp groups could decrease the density of microcystis, and there was no significant difference between the two groups, but both of them were significantly lower than the control group (P 0.01). The amount of excreta and the digestibility of microcystis were decreased in the mixed culture group. The excreta of the silver carp and bighead carp group began to decrease on the 4th day. At the end of the experiment, it was 16.08 in the silver carp and bighead carp group. The digestibility of microcystis in the silver carp and bighead carp group increased rapidly after 5 days, and reached 85.9 at the end of the experiment, which was significantly higher than that in the silver carp and bighead carp group P0.01. The contents of amino acid and total nitrogen in excreta of silver carp and bighead carp group were 33.17% 53.62% and 34.97% 54.27% respectively. The difference between the light energy activity (FV / FmP / FV / FV / FV / FV P and NPQ) and the growth activity (EPS-Chla) of the excreta of silver carp and bighead carp group was greater. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameter (except NPQ) of microcystis in silver carp and bighead carp group began to increase after a brief decrease. However, the FV / Fm / FV / FV / Foo Yeld and Q P of the silver carp and bighead carp group decreased significantly during the culture process, and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (except NPQ) were significantly lower than those of the silver carp and bighead carp group (except NPQ) at the 5th day. The NPQ of the silver carp and bighead carp group was higher than that of the silver carp and bighead carp group after 7 days. During fecal culture, the contents of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and chlorophyll a(Chl a (chlorophyll a(Chl a) in the excreta of silver carp and bighead carp were significantly lower than those of silver carp and bighead carp group (P 0.01) at the end of the experiment. The results showed that, on the basis of controlling algae by silver carp and bighead carp, mixed culture could reduce the excrement of microcystis, decrease the activity of microcystis in excreta, and reduce the pollution of water environment and ecological effect caused by the excreta of silver carp and bighead carp.
【作者單位】： 東南大學(xué)能源與工程學(xué)院;環(huán)境保護(hù)部南京環(huán)境科學(xué)研究所;
【基金】：國(guó)家水體污染控制與治理科技重大專項(xiàng)課題(2012ZX07101-007)
【分類號(hào)】：S965;X52

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