本文選題：廢棄線路板 + 硫氰酸鹽　； 參考：《青島科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨著電子產(chǎn)品普及和更新速度的加快,大量的電子垃圾—印刷線路板也在以驚人的速度增加。廢棄印刷線路板給環(huán)境和人體所帶來的危害以及其所含有的銅、金、銀等金屬資源,使得它的回收再利用越來越受到重視,也成為最近研究的熱點。因此,開發(fā)一種經(jīng)濟(jì)高效且環(huán)境友好的濕法工藝回收電子廢棄物中的金和銀已成當(dāng)務(wù)之急。本論文以廢棄電腦印刷線路板為研究對象,通過將其經(jīng)粉碎研磨處理后,將200目以下的廢棄印刷線路板粉末用硝酸進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,烘干以后經(jīng)過消解,得出廢棄電腦線路板中金和銀的含量分別為0.0545 mg/g和0.281 mg/g。采用三種方法進(jìn)行金和銀的提取實驗,得到的最佳浸取條件分別為：(1)在雙氧水氧化條件下硫氰酸鹽法浸取金和銀：在中性條件下,固液比1：20,SCN濃度0.8 mol/L,添加7.5%(v/v)的雙氧水(濃度為30%),溫度20℃,浸取時間1 h,達(dá)到的最高浸取率：金88.37%,銀78.43%；(2)存在銅和氨的條件下氨法浸取金和銀：固液比1：60,氨水濃度25%-28%(w/w),Cu2+濃度3×10-2 mol/L,加入一定體積的(NH3)2S04,使pH在9-10之間,溫度60℃℃,提取時間4 h,最高浸出率：金96.23%,銀92.58%;(3)碘化法浸金：固液比為1：50,pH在8-9之間,KI濃度為0.2 g/mL, m(I2):m(KI)=1:8,氨水體積比為1%,溫度20℃,反應(yīng)時間1 h,金和銀的最高浸出率分別為96%和88.24%。通過對硫氰酸鹽法和氨法進(jìn)行成本預(yù)算,得出雙氧水氧化條件下硫氰酸鹽法浸金和銀的成本比較低,并以硫氰酸鹽法為例進(jìn)行了整體經(jīng)濟(jì)效益分析,得出處理1噸的廢棄電腦線路板,可以獲得180.4元的利潤。硫氰酸鹽法浸取金和銀具有浸出速度快,毒性小,成本低等有點,并且該方法在中性條件下進(jìn)行,對設(shè)備的腐蝕性較小,具有良好的環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,符合當(dāng)今社會環(huán)境保護(hù)和資源二次利用的發(fā)展趨勢。
[Abstract]:With the rapid popularization and renewal of electronic products, a large number of electronic garbage-printed circuit boards are also increasing at an alarming rate. The harm of waste printed circuit board to the environment and human body and the copper, gold, silver and other metal resources make the recycling and reuse of printed circuit board become more and more important and become a hot spot of recent research. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an economical, efficient and environmentally friendly wet process to recover gold and silver from electronic waste. In this paper, waste printed circuit board (PCB) is used as the research object. After grinding and grinding, the waste PCB powder below 200 mesh is pretreated with nitric acid, then dried and digested. The results show that the contents of gold and silver in the waste computer circuit board are 0.0545 mg/g and 0.281 mg / g respectively. Three methods were used to extract gold and silver. The optimum leaching conditions were: 1: 1) under the condition of hydrogen peroxide oxidation, gold and silver were extracted by thiocyanate method: under neutral condition, gold and silver were extracted by thiocyanate method. Solid to liquid ratio of 1: 20% SCN concentration 0.8 mol / L, adding 7.5% v / v hydrogen peroxide (concentration 30 鈩，

本文編號：1862942