本文選題：富營養(yǎng)化 + 沉積物磷��； 參考：《武漢理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：外源性磷受到較好控制的同時,沉積物內(nèi)源性磷通過溶解、擴散、交換而遷移到水體中,從而成為維持水體富營養(yǎng)化磷污染程度的重要的、不可忽視的來源。沉水植物一直以來都是作為一種有效的途徑來控制沉積物磷對湖泊的污染。多孔陶瓷濾球對沉積物磷具有一定吸附效果。本實驗分別考察了沉積物釋放、陶瓷濾球對沉積物磷去除的影響因素,苦草對沉積物磷的去除情況,并嘗試將陶瓷濾球和苦草二者聯(lián)合起來來增強去除效果。實驗結果如下:(1)杭州西湖小南湖采集的沉積物粒度結果顯示沉積物有較強的吸附污染物的能力與再懸浮能力。小南湖湖心沉積物TP含量為1423.67mg/kg,其中IP含量占80.49%,IP中Ca-P與Fe/Al-P的含量基本相當,沉積物磷存在較大的釋放潛力。(2)沉積物釋磷量在上覆水為湖水時比上覆水為蒸餾水時更少。光照對沉積物磷的釋放過程有抑制的作用。沉積物TP、OP,在pH=8.0附近時釋放量最小;酸性條件抑制Fe/Al-P的釋放;堿性條件抑制Ca-P的釋放。平衡狀態(tài)下動態(tài)過程釋磷量也比靜態(tài)過程高出1.61倍、且平衡時間短得多。20℃的總磷釋放量為10、20、30℃中最小的;10℃時,有部分的Fe/Al-P轉化為Ca-P。(3)多孔陶瓷濾球動態(tài)吸附平衡時間為12h。沉積物為5g時,陶瓷濾球最佳投加量為8g。溫度在50℃時,TP減少量為最大,此階段存在Fe/Al-P向Ca-P形態(tài)的轉移。TP、IP的減少量隨著pH的升高表現(xiàn)為“U”形,Fe/Al-P減少量隨pH的升高逐漸增加;Ca-P減少量隨pH的減少逐漸升高。靜態(tài)吸附過程中,陶瓷濾球的投加除了使得沉積物Ca-P含量增加,沉積物其他磷形態(tài)減少量總體上明顯增加。(4)苦草對沉積物磷有一定的去除效果,但是在苦草組系統(tǒng)中,作用比較有限。5cm陶瓷濾球組對沉積物各形態(tài)磷都有一定的去除效果,其中對OP、Fe/Al-P的去除效果更加顯著,對Ca-P的去除效果相比而言較差。聯(lián)合組(苦草-陶瓷濾球組)中,苦草-5cm陶瓷濾球組去除效果最好的,與去除效果排在第二的苦草-3cm陶瓷濾球組相比,TP、OP、IP、Fe/Al-P、Ca-P各形態(tài)磷的減少率分別增加了16.14%、27.53%、13.08%、44.88%、-17.80%。另一方面,若將苦草組與5cm陶瓷濾球組對沉積物磷的去除率進行簡單的相加,那么苦草-5cm陶瓷濾球組對TP、OP、IP、Fe/Al-P、Ca-P各形態(tài)磷的減少率是它們之和的減少率的2.32、3.36、1.93、1.74、4.39倍,因此認為苦草與陶瓷濾球在對沉積物磷的去除過程中,可能存在相互促進的作用。
[Abstract]:While exogenous phosphorus is well controlled, the endogenous phosphorus in sediment is transferred to the water body through dissolution, diffusion and exchange, thus becoming an important and unnegligible source to maintain the level of eutrophication phosphorus pollution. Submerged plants have been used as an effective way to control phosphorus pollution in sediments. Porous ceramic filter ball has a certain adsorption effect on sediment phosphorus. The influence factors of sediment release, ceramic filter ball on phosphorus removal from sediment, and the removal of phosphorus from sediment by bitter grass were investigated in this experiment, and the combination of ceramic filter ball and bitter grass was attempted to enhance the removal effect. The results are as follows: 1) the sediment granularity collected from the West Lake of Hangzhou shows that the sediment has strong ability of adsorbing pollutants and resuspending. The content of TP in sediment of Xiaonan Lake is 1423.67 mg / kg, of which IP content is 80.49%. The content of Ca-P and Fe/Al-P in IP is basically the same. The phosphorus release potential of sediment is higher. 2) when the overlying water is lacustrine water, the amount of phosphorus release in sediment is lower than that in overlying water is distilled water. Light exposure inhibited phosphorus release from sediments. The release of TPP-OPO in sediments was the lowest near pH=8.0, the release of Fe/Al-P was inhibited by acidic conditions, and the release of Ca-P was inhibited by alkaline conditions. The amount of phosphorus released in the dynamic process is 1.61 times higher than that in the static process, and the equilibrium time is 12 h when the total phosphorus release at 10 ~ 20 鈩，

本文編號：1852622