本文選題：渭河沉積物砂樣 + 硝基苯��； 參考：《長安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：硝基苯在工業(yè)中是一種重要的有機(jī)中間體,它屬于優(yōu)先被控制的有機(jī)污染物,對人體及其環(huán)境有很大的危害。本論文以三種不同巖性的渭河沉積物砂樣為研究對象,考察渭河沉積物對硝基苯的吸附解吸特征和淋溶實(shí)驗(yàn)遷移規(guī)律,分別求出其靜態(tài)阻滯因子和動態(tài)阻滯因子。1、對渭河沉積物的吸附特性研究表明:渭河沉積物中的三種砂樣:粉砂、細(xì)砂、中砂對硝基苯的動力學(xué)吸附達(dá)到平衡的時間分別為:12h,12h,8h;平衡后的吸附量分別為:8.1mg/kg,7.6mg/kg,5.8mg/kg。對渭河沉積物中的三種砂樣的動力學(xué)曲線擬合后顯示Elovich方程擬合的效果理想,粉砂的擬合度R2=0.959細(xì)砂的擬合度R2=0.968中砂的擬合度R2=0.955。對三種渭河砂樣進(jìn)行等溫平衡實(shí)驗(yàn)后,對獲得數(shù)據(jù)擬合后表明:用線性與Freundlich耦合模型能夠很好的描述砂樣的等溫平衡過程。其中粉砂的擬合度R2=0.993,細(xì)砂的擬合度R2=0.994,中砂的擬合度R2=0.991。通過阻滯因子的求解公式求得:粉砂的靜態(tài)阻滯因子Rd=24.28,細(xì)砂的靜態(tài)阻滯因子Rd=15.78,中砂的靜態(tài)阻滯因子Rd=8.63。本文考察了不同因素:腐殖酸、鹽度、pH、溫度、初始濃度對沉積物砂樣的吸附影響。腐殖酸可加大沉積物的吸附量,鹽度也可加大沉積物的吸附量,溫度的增大會減少沉積物的吸附量,沉積物的吸附量會隨著初始濃度的增加而增加。pH的加入會減少沉積物的吸附量。2、渭河沉積物的解吸特性研究表明:三種砂樣的對硝基苯的動力學(xué)解吸在12小時的時候達(dá)到平衡。對渭河沉積物中的三種砂樣的動力學(xué)曲線擬合后顯示Elovich方程擬合的效果理想,粉砂的擬合度R2=0.954,細(xì)砂的擬合度R2=0.963,中砂的擬合度R2=0.952。對硝基苯的等溫平衡解吸引入滯后系數(shù),求得數(shù)據(jù)顯示:粉砂的滯后系數(shù)HI大于細(xì)砂的滯后系數(shù),中砂的滯后系數(shù)小于細(xì)砂。所以粉砂在解吸過程總的滯后現(xiàn)象最為明顯。吸附過程中的阻滯因子和解吸過程中的滯后系數(shù)呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系。對硝基苯解吸的影響因素和吸附一樣。實(shí)驗(yàn)表明腐殖酸和鹽度(NaCl)的加入會使硝基苯的解吸率下降,溫度的升高、初始濃度的增加以及pH的上升會使硝基苯的解吸率上升。3、硝基苯的動態(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究表明:通過對硝基苯的土柱實(shí)驗(yàn)中遷移規(guī)律的研究,得出其相關(guān)遷移參數(shù),求得動態(tài)阻滯因子Rd=71.12,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于靜態(tài)阻滯因子和雙模式阻滯因子。這是因?yàn)閯討B(tài)實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中有機(jī)污染物的遷移機(jī)理更復(fù)雜但更接近自然條件下有機(jī)污染物的遷移過程而靜態(tài)試驗(yàn)是在比較理想的條件下求得的。
[Abstract]:Nitrobenzene is an important organic intermediate in industry. It is a priority organic pollutant and has great harm to human body and its environment. In this paper, three kinds of sand samples of Weihe River sediment with different lithology were studied to investigate the characteristics of adsorption and desorption of nitrobenzene in the sediment of Weihe River and the law of experimental migration of leaching. The adsorption characteristics of Weihe River sediment were studied. The results showed that three kinds of sand samples in Weihe River sediment: silt, fine sand, fine sand, fine sand, fine sand, fine sand, fine sand, fine sand, fine sand, fine sand, fine sand, fine sand, fine sand, fine sand. The kinetic adsorption time of nitrobenzene reached equilibrium at 1: 12 h ~ (12) h ~ (-1), and the adsorption capacity after equilibrium was 7. 6 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) mg 路kg ~ (-1) and 5.8 mg / kg ~ (-1) 路min ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) respectively. After fitting the dynamic curves of three kinds of sand samples in Weihe River sediment, the Elovich equation is proved to be effective. The fitting degree of silt is R2O0.959. The fit degree of fine sand R2O0.968 is R20.9555. After isothermal equilibrium experiments on three kinds of Weihe sand samples, the fitting results show that the linear and Freundlich coupling model can well describe the isothermal equilibrium process of sand samples. The fitting degree of silty sand is 0.993, that of fine sand is 0.994, and that of medium sand is 0.991. According to the formula of block factor, the static block factor of silt is 24.28, the static block factor of fine sand is 15.78, and the static block factor of middle sand is 8.63. The effects of different factors such as humic acid salinity pH temperature and initial concentration on the adsorption of sediment sand samples were investigated. Humic acid can increase the amount of sediment adsorption, salinity can also increase the amount of sediment adsorption, the increase of temperature will reduce the amount of sediment adsorption, The adsorption capacity of sediment increased with the increase of initial concentration. The addition of pH decreased the adsorption capacity of sediment. The desorption characteristics of Weihe River sediment showed that the kinetic desorption of nitrobenzene from three kinds of sand samples reached equilibrium at 12 hours. After fitting the dynamic curves of three kinds of sand samples in Weihe River sediment, the results show that the Elovich equation is effective, the fitting degree of silt is 0.954, the fit degree of fine sand is 0.963, the fitting degree of medium sand is R20.9052. The hysteresis coefficient is introduced into the isothermal equilibrium desorption of nitrobenzene. The results show that the hysteresis coefficient of silt is larger than that of fine sand, and the lag coefficient of medium sand is smaller than that of fine sand. Therefore, the total lag of silt in desorption process is the most obvious. There was a positive correlation between the retardation factor in the adsorption process and the hysteresis coefficient in the desorption process. The factors affecting desorption of p-nitrobenzene are the same as those of adsorption. The results showed that the desorption rate of nitrobenzene decreased and the temperature increased with the addition of humic acid and sodium chloride. With the increase of initial concentration and pH, the desorption rate of nitrobenzene will increase by .3.The dynamic experimental study of nitrobenzene shows that the migration parameters of nitrobenzene are obtained through the study of migration law in soil column experiment of nitrobenzene. The dynamic block factor RdN is 71.12, which is much larger than that of static block factor and double mode block factor. This is due to the fact that the transport mechanism of organic pollutants in dynamic experiments is more complex but closer to that of organic pollutants under natural conditions while the static experiments are obtained under more ideal conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 王彥麗;;渭河流域水污染現(xiàn)狀分析與治理對策[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2010年26期

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本文編號：1828565