本文選題：鈍化劑 + 畜禽糞便　； 參考：《吉林大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國規(guī)模化養(yǎng)殖業(yè)的發(fā)展和銅鋅等重金屬元素飼料添加劑的廣泛使用，畜禽糞便產(chǎn)量增大，畜禽糞便中重金屬銅鋅等元素含量升高，畜禽糞便施肥將成為我國農(nóng)業(yè)土壤重金屬污染的重要來源。本文通過畜禽糞便模擬施肥和添加不同鈍化劑(海泡石、膨潤土、脫硫石膏、粉煤灰)，研究了土壤（暗棕壤）對重金屬銅鋅的吸附特征、形態(tài)分布規(guī)律及活性，對于明確畜禽糞便施肥下土壤重金屬的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律及土壤重金屬污染修復提供理論依據(jù)。 不同類型畜禽糞便的重金屬含量結(jié)果表明，Cu、Zn含量均是豬糞雞糞牛糞，且畜禽糞便中Cu、Zn含量均是ZnCu；不同類型畜禽糞便的重金屬形態(tài)分布結(jié)果表明，，三種類型糞便中Cu的形態(tài)分布規(guī)律略有差異，對于雞糞和豬糞均為有機結(jié)合態(tài)殘渣態(tài)、鐵錳氧化物結(jié)合態(tài)碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)、可交換態(tài)，對于牛糞為殘渣態(tài)有機結(jié)合態(tài)鐵錳氧化物結(jié)合態(tài)碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)、可交換態(tài)。對于雞糞和豬糞，有機結(jié)合態(tài)和殘渣態(tài)之和占糞便中Cu總量的近60%以上，牛糞占近90%以上�；钚暂^大的碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)和可交換態(tài)Cu在糞便總量中所占比例很低。三種類型糞便中Zn的形態(tài)分布規(guī)律均為殘渣態(tài)有機結(jié)合態(tài)鐵錳氧化物結(jié)合態(tài)碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)、可交換態(tài)。有機結(jié)合態(tài)和殘渣態(tài)之和占糞便中Zn總量的90%以上，而活性較大的碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)和可交換態(tài)Zn在糞便總量中所占比例不足10%。 不同處理條件下土壤重金屬Cu、Zn的形態(tài)分布和活性研究結(jié)果表明，土壤中重金屬Cu、Zn含量較低時，施加畜禽糞便可提高重金屬Cu、Zn的活性；土壤中重金屬Cu、Zn含量較高時，施加畜禽糞便，使土壤重金屬活性降低，但可交換態(tài)含量增加，碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)含量下降。添加不同比例、不同種類的鈍化劑對土壤中重金屬形態(tài)分布規(guī)律影響相同，即殘渣態(tài)有機結(jié)合態(tài)鐵錳氧化物結(jié)合態(tài)碳酸鹽結(jié)合態(tài)交換態(tài)；鈍化劑對不同重金屬Cu、Zn的鈍化效果不同，對Cu的鈍化效果為海泡石膨潤土粉煤灰脫硫石膏；對Zn的鈍化效果膨潤土海泡石粉煤灰脫硫石膏；在畜禽糞便（豬糞）模擬施肥并添加不同鈍化劑條件下，土壤重金屬Cu、Zn的活性隨鈍化劑添加量的增加而降低，對土壤中Cu的鈍化效果為海泡石膨潤土粉煤灰脫硫石膏，對于土壤中的Zn鈍化效果為膨潤土粉煤灰海泡石脫硫石膏。 土壤對重金屬Cu、Zn的吸附熱力學結(jié)果表明，不同糞便畜禽糞便模擬施肥土壤對銅鋅的吸附能力為牛糞豬糞雞糞；添加不同鈍化劑的土壤對銅鋅的吸附能力為膨潤土海泡石粉煤灰脫硫石膏；在畜禽糞便模擬施肥條件下添加不同鈍化劑，海泡石添加土壤對銅鋅的吸附能力更顯著。三種處理方式土壤對銅鋅吸附的熱力學特征均可以用Freundlich方程描述。
[Abstract]:With the development of large-scale aquaculture in China and the extensive use of heavy metal feed additives such as copper and zinc, the output of animal manure increases, and the content of heavy metal copper and zinc in animal manure increases. Manure fertilization will become an important source of heavy metal pollution in agricultural soil in China. In this paper, the adsorption characteristics, morphological distribution and activity of heavy metal copper and zinc in soil (dark brown soil) were studied by simulating fertilization and adding different passivating agents (sepiolite, bentonite, desulphurized gypsum, fly ash). It provides a theoretical basis for clarifying the migration and transformation of heavy metals in soil and the remediation of heavy metal pollution in soil under manure fertilization in livestock and poultry feces. The results of heavy metal contents in different types of livestock and poultry feces showed that the contents of Cu ~ (2 +) Zn were all pig manure and chicken manure, and the contents of Cu ~ (2 +) Zn in livestock and poultry feces were all ZnCu, and the speciation distribution of heavy metals in different types of livestock and poultry feces were also found. The speciation and distribution of Cu in three types of feces were slightly different. For chicken manure and pig dung, they were organic residue, iron and manganese oxide bound carbonate, exchangeable. For cow dung, it is organic bound to iron and manganese oxide and exchangeable to carbonate. For chicken manure and pig manure, the sum of organic bound and residual forms accounted for more than 60% of the total Cu content in feces and 90% of cattle manure. Carbonate-bound and exchangeable Cu with higher activity account for a low proportion of total faeces. The speciation and distribution of Zn in the three types of feces were all organic bound and exchangeable. The sum of organic bound state and residue state accounted for more than 90% of the total Zn in feces, while carbonate bound and exchangeable Zn, which were more active, accounted for less than 10% of the total amount of Zn in feces. The study on the speciation distribution and activity of Cu ~ (2 +) Zn in soil under different treatment conditions showed that when the content of Cu ~ (2 +) Zn in soil was low, the activity of Cu ~ (2 +) Zn was increased by applying animal manure, and the activity of Cu ~ (2 +) Zn in soil was higher when the content of Cu ~ (2 +) Zn in soil was higher. The activity of heavy metals in soil decreased, but the exchangeable state content increased, and the carbonate bound state content decreased when animal manure was applied. The effects of different passivators on the speciation distribution of heavy metals in soil were the same, that is to say, the organic bound iron and manganese oxide bound carbonate exchange state in the residual state; the addition of different kinds of passivating agents had the same effect on the distribution of heavy metals in the soil. The passivating effect of passivating agent is different for different heavy metals, such as sepiolite bentonite fly ash desulphurization gypsum, Zn passivating effect for bentonite sepiolite fly ash desulfurization gypsum. Under the condition of simulated fertilization of animal manure (pig manure) and addition of different passivating agents, the activity of heavy metal Cu Zn in soil decreased with the increase of the amount of passivating agent. The passivation effect of Cu on soil was sepiolite bentonite fly ash desulfurization gypsum. For soil Zn passivation effect is bentonite fly ash sepiolite desulphurization gypsum. The results of adsorption thermodynamics of heavy metal Cu ~ (2 +) Zn in soil indicated that the adsorption ability of different manure, livestock and poultry manure to Cu ~ (2 +) and Zn ~ (2 +) was cattle manure, pig manure, chicken manure; The sorption ability of copper and zinc on soil with different passivating agent was bentonite sepiolite fly ash desulfurization gypsum and sepiolite added with different passivating agent under simulated fertilization of livestock and poultry feces. The thermodynamic characteristics of copper and zinc adsorption in three treatments can be described by Freundlich equation.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X53;X713

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 楊海儒;宮偉光;;不同土壤改良劑對松嫩平原鹽堿土理化性質(zhì)的影響[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學;2008年20期

2 崔斌;王凌;張國印;孫世友;耿暖;茹淑華;陳貴今;;土壤重金屬污染現(xiàn)狀與危害及修復技術研究進展[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學;2012年01期

3 李吉進,張琳,倪小會,劉廣余;膨潤土對有機物料腐殖化系數(shù)的影響[J];北京農(nóng)業(yè)科學;2001年05期

4 馮軍;孟凱;崔曉陽;徐金忠;;農(nóng)田黑土銅、鋅吸附解吸特性分析[J];東北林業(yè)大學學報;2009年10期

5 儲益萍;王國平;錢華;戴海夏;景啟國;耿春女;劉利;鄔堅平;;淺析脫硫石膏綜合利用的技術可行性[J];環(huán)境科學與技術;2008年06期

6 薛永杰;朱書景;侯浩波;;石灰粉煤灰固化重金屬污染土壤的試驗研究[J];粉煤灰;2007年03期

7 陳志良,仇榮亮,張景書,萬云兵;重金屬污染土壤的修復技術[J];環(huán)境保護;2002年06期

8 ;Heavy metals pollution in poultry and livestock feeds and manures under intensive farming in Jiangsu Province, China[J];Journal of Environmental Sciences;2004年03期

9 呂志敏;李仙粉;任福民;周玉松;;綜合利用電廠粉煤灰的重金屬問題[J];環(huán)境與可持續(xù)發(fā)展;2006年04期

10 楊崇潔;幾種金屬元素進入土壤后的遷移轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律及吸附機理的研究[J];環(huán)境科學;1989年03期

本文編號：1819941