本文選題：軌交施工 + 水質(zhì)評(píng)價(jià)��； 參考：《蘇州科技學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：水環(huán)境,是我們賴以生存的外界環(huán)境的重要組成要素,水環(huán)境的健康保護(hù)是社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)條件。城市河道作為城市內(nèi)水環(huán)境的重要載體,是維持城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡的關(guān)鍵,具有環(huán)境保護(hù)、旅游娛樂、文化教育以及交通運(yùn)輸?shù)榷喙δ軆r(jià)值。但隨著城市快速發(fā)展過程中,城市建設(shè)工程大肆興起,大量涉水工程加劇了河道水環(huán)境被破壞影響,目前已成為我國(guó)乃至全世界最顯著的城市環(huán)境問題。本課題研究針對(duì)蘇州軌交3號(hào)線站點(diǎn)施工斷河工程對(duì)所涉及河道水環(huán)境的影響,進(jìn)行評(píng)估分析并提出科學(xué)可行的補(bǔ)償措施,對(duì)于指導(dǎo)本次軌交建設(shè)過程中對(duì)城市河道水環(huán)境的可持續(xù)管理保護(hù)具有重要的理論以及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,為同類城市建設(shè)工程提供參照以及方案決策依據(jù)。本文在對(duì)軌交站點(diǎn)施工工程特點(diǎn)研究以及污染源排查的基礎(chǔ)上,選擇典型站點(diǎn)橫山路站、滄浪新亭站、寶帶西路站、群星二路站展開影響研究,水環(huán)境影響評(píng)估分析分為水質(zhì)影響分析以及水生態(tài)影響分析兩部分。水質(zhì)影響評(píng)估分析研究運(yùn)用典型污染指標(biāo)單項(xiàng)獨(dú)立分析配合整體水環(huán)境系統(tǒng)模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)分析法,將模糊數(shù)學(xué)模型概念里的隸屬函數(shù)以及隸屬度的原理引入水環(huán)境質(zhì)量影響評(píng)價(jià)體系中,通過選擇代表性的污染因子建立評(píng)價(jià)因子集,國(guó)家地表水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作為評(píng)價(jià)集,采用隸屬度加權(quán)平均的原則建立模糊模型對(duì)水質(zhì)狀況進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),根據(jù)各斷面水質(zhì)評(píng)價(jià)指數(shù)的優(yōu)劣比較以及時(shí)間變化趨勢(shì)確定軌交站點(diǎn)施工對(duì)河道水質(zhì)產(chǎn)生惡化影響,以及通過各評(píng)價(jià)因子的權(quán)重值比較判斷河道水質(zhì)受施工影響的主要污染物為有機(jī)物以及氨氮。水生態(tài)影響評(píng)估分析主要研究河道地表水浮游生物綜合指標(biāo),從包括浮游生物種群結(jié)構(gòu)、浮游生物密度以及浮游生物多樣性三個(gè)角度評(píng)估分析河道水生態(tài)環(huán)境受軌交站點(diǎn)施工影響趨勢(shì)。利用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)采集生物活性樣本并對(duì)照生物圖譜鑒定劃分浮游生物種群結(jié)構(gòu),尋找具有生態(tài)指示性功能生物的存在變化。固定采集到的水樣讀取浮游生物量,計(jì)算浮游生物密度以及Margalef多樣性指數(shù),研究分析各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)均有惡化趨勢(shì),評(píng)估軌交斷河施工對(duì)河道水生態(tài)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生明顯的影響,河道水生態(tài)健康狀況受到威脅。最后,針對(duì)受影響的河道進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償改善措施,提出建議,分為站點(diǎn)施工期間以及施工結(jié)束后兩個(gè)階段,通過傳統(tǒng)的水質(zhì)改善工程措施以及新興的水生態(tài)修復(fù)技術(shù)措施兩個(gè)方面改善受工程影響的河道區(qū)域的水環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:The water environment is an important component of the external environment on which we live. The health protection of the water environment is the basic condition for the sustainable development of the society.As an important carrier of urban water environment, urban river is the key to maintain the balance of urban ecosystem. It has many functions such as environmental protection, tourism and entertainment, culture and education, transportation and so on.However, with the rapid development of the city, the urban construction project is on the rise, and a large number of wading projects have aggravated the damage of river water environment, which has become the most significant urban environmental problem in China and the world at present.In this paper, according to the influence of the river cut off project of Suzhou Railway Line 3 station on the river channel water environment involved, the evaluation and analysis are carried out and the scientific and feasible compensation measures are put forward.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to guide the sustainable management and protection of urban river channel water environment in the course of the rail interchange construction. It provides reference for the similar urban construction projects and the basis for the scheme decision.On the basis of the research on the construction characteristics of rail crossing station and the investigation of pollution sources, this paper selects the typical stations, such as Hengshan Road Station, Canglang Xinting Station, Baodai West Road Station and Group Star second Road Station, to carry out the influence research.Water environmental impact assessment is divided into two parts: water quality impact analysis and water ecological impact analysis.Study on Water quality impact Assessment using single and Independent Analysis of typical pollution Indexes combined with Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Analysis of the whole Water Environment system,The membership function and the principle of membership degree in the concept of fuzzy mathematical model are introduced into the water environment quality impact assessment system. The evaluation factor set is established by selecting representative pollution factors, and the national surface water standard is used as the evaluation set.The fuzzy model is established to evaluate the water quality condition by using the principle of weighted average of membership degree. According to the comparison of water quality evaluation index of each section and the trend of time change, it is determined that the construction of rail crossing station has a deterioration effect on river water quality.The main pollutants affected by construction are organic matter and ammonia nitrogen.The analysis of water ecological impact assessment mainly studies the comprehensive index of plankton in surface water of river, including the structure of plankton population.Assessment of plankton density and plankton diversity the trend of river water ecological environment affected by railway station construction is analyzed.The biological activity samples were collected and compared with the biotic map to identify the phytoplankton population structure and to find out the existing changes of the organisms with ecological indicative function.The fixed collected water samples read plankton quantity, calculate plankton density and Margalef diversity index, study and analyze the deterioration trend of each index data, and evaluate the obvious influence of rail crossing river construction on river channel water ecological environment.The ecological health of river water is threatened.Finally, according to the affected river channel compensation and improvement measures, put forward suggestions, divided into station construction period and after the construction of two stages,Through the traditional water quality improvement engineering measures and the new water ecological restoration technical measures, the water environment of the river area affected by the project is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X82

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