本文選題：污泥 + 脫水��； 參考：《長沙理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：城市污水處理廠產(chǎn)生的污泥數(shù)量巨大且含水量極高。因此,如何提高污泥的脫水性能,是一個重要的研究課題。目前應用最廣泛的預處理方法是添加陽離子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM),然而,CPAM的廣泛使用將對周圍的環(huán)境造成潛在的風險。本研究采用微波輻射,CPAM調(diào)質(zhì)以及微波與CPAM聯(lián)用這三種調(diào)質(zhì)方法,從微觀角度出發(fā),基于分形理論對微波調(diào)質(zhì)和微波與陽離子聚丙烯酰胺聯(lián)合調(diào)質(zhì)前后污泥的比阻(SRF)、濾餅含水率、污泥粒徑(d_(0.5))、分形維數(shù)(Df)、絮體強度(FS)、絮凝能力(FA)、表面相對疏水性(RH)的變化規(guī)律進行分析,并研究各個參數(shù)的變化對污泥脫水性能的影響,以此探討調(diào)質(zhì)污泥的機理。試驗結(jié)果如下：適宜的微波輻射能夠明顯改善污泥脫水性能和結(jié)構(gòu)。在不同的微波功率下,隨著微波輻射時間的延長,污泥比阻和含水率均呈現(xiàn)先減小后增大的趨勢。不同功率的微波輻射均能夠增大污泥的粒徑,使其粗大化。隨著微波輻射時間的延長,污泥分形維數(shù)D_3與D_2以及絮體強度均呈現(xiàn)先增大后減小的趨勢,而污泥顆粒表面相對疏水性則是始終保持增長趨勢。同時,適量的微波調(diào)質(zhì)可以使FA增大。單獨采用CPAM時,CPAM的最佳投加量為80mg/L,此時污泥比阻和濾餅含水率較原污泥分別下降了81.60%和9.34%,而RH和FA分別增大至86.86%和38.36%。隨著CPAM投加量的不斷增加,D_3逐漸減小,而D_2值不斷增大,FS顯著增大。采用微波絮凝聯(lián)合調(diào)質(zhì)污泥可以使其脫水性能進一步提高,而微波輻射和CPAM聯(lián)合進行污泥調(diào)質(zhì)時,后者主要起到脫水作用。經(jīng)微波預處理再絮凝的污泥比單獨添加CPAM的污泥絮體粒徑小。與單獨微波調(diào)質(zhì)不同,在同一投加量下,隨著輻射時間的延長,污泥絮體粒徑逐漸減小,分形維數(shù)D_3與D_2逐漸增大。微波絮凝劑聯(lián)合調(diào)質(zhì)后的污泥RH、FS、FA相比單獨微波輻射后的較大。在微波調(diào)質(zhì)下,較大的d_(0.5)可以明顯提高污泥的脫水性能,密實的絮體結(jié)構(gòu)有助于污泥脫水,同時增大的絮體強度也有利于真空過濾：對污泥比阻影響較大的因素主要有粒度、分形維數(shù)和絮體強度。在微波與CPAM聯(lián)用調(diào)質(zhì)下,污泥比阻和濾餅含水率隨d_(0.5)增大而出現(xiàn)先減小后增大的趨勢。在相同作用時間下,隨著絮凝劑的投加量的增大,孔隙率逐漸增大,而D_3和污泥比阻逐漸減小。絮體強度的增大有利于絮體過濾,但在最強絮狀結(jié)構(gòu)下并未達到最優(yōu)脫水效率,而污泥比阻隨絮體強度的增大而減小。在微波與CPAM聯(lián)用調(diào)質(zhì)下對污泥比阻影響較大的因素同樣也主要有粒度、分形維數(shù)和絮體強度。本文基于SPSS statistics 17.0軟件建立污泥比阻和污泥結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的脫水特性模型,得到兩種調(diào)質(zhì)方法下污泥比阻和各參數(shù)的多元線性模型,由模型可知,d_(0.5)是提高污泥脫水性能的關鍵因素。
[Abstract]:The amount of sludge produced by municipal wastewater treatment plant is huge and the water content is very high.Therefore, how to improve sludge dewatering performance is an important research topic.At present, the most widely used pretreatment method is to add cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM). However, the widespread use of CPAM will pose a potential risk to the environment.In this study, the specific resistance of sludge before and after microwave conditioning and combined conditioning with cationic polyacrylamide and the moisture content of filter cake were studied based on fractal theory from the microscopic point of view by using microwave radiation CPAM conditioning and microwave and CPAM combined conditioning and tempering methods, respectively, in this study, the specific resistance of sludge before and after microwave conditioning and combined treatment with cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) was studied.The variation rules of sludge particle size, fractal dimension, flocculation strength, flocculation capacity and surface relative hydrophobicity are analyzed, and the influence of various parameters on sludge dewatering performance is studied, so as to explore the mechanism of sludge dewatering.The results are as follows: suitable microwave radiation can obviously improve sludge dewatering performance and structure.Under different microwave power, the specific resistance and moisture content of sludge decreased first and then increased with the prolongation of microwave radiation time.Microwave radiation of different power can increase the particle size of sludge and make it coarse.With the prolongation of microwave radiation time, the fractal dimension D _ 3 and D _ S _ 2 of sludge and the strength of flocs increased first and then decreased, while the relative hydrophobicity of sludge granule surface was always increasing.At the same time, appropriate amount of microwave conditioning can make FA increase.When CPAM was used alone, the optimum dosage was 80 mg / L, the sludge specific resistance and cake moisture content decreased by 81.60% and 9.34%, respectively, while RH and FA increased to 86.86% and 38.36%, respectively.With the increase of the amount of CPAM, the number of DSC3 decreases gradually, while the value of DSC2 increases and FS increases significantly.Microwave flocculation combined with modified sludge can further improve the dewatering performance of sludge, while microwave radiation and CPAM combined with sludge conditioning, the latter plays a major role in dewatering.The size of sludge flocculated by microwave pretreatment was smaller than that by adding CPAM alone.Under the same dosage, the particle size of sludge floc decreases gradually with the prolongation of radiation time, and the fractal dimension D _ (3) and D _ (2) increase gradually.The sludge treated by microwave flocculant combined with conditioning was larger than that after microwave irradiation alone.Under the condition of microwave conditioning and tempering, the sludge dewatering performance can be improved obviously by the larger D _ S _ (0.5)). The dense flocs structure is helpful to sludge dewatering, and the increased flocs strength is also beneficial to vacuum filtration. The main factors affecting sludge specific resistance are granularity.Fractal dimension and floc strength.Under the combination of microwave and CPAM, the sludge specific resistance and filter cake moisture content increased with the increase of ds0. 5) and then decreased first and then increased.At the same time, with the increase of the dosage of flocculant, the porosity increased gradually, while Dass _ 3 and sludge specific resistance decreased gradually.The increase of flocs strength is beneficial to flocs filtration, but the optimum dehydration efficiency is not reached under the strongest flocculation structure, and the sludge specific resistance decreases with the increase of flocs strength.The factors affecting sludge specific resistance under the combination of microwave and CPAM also include particle size fractal dimension and floc strength.In this paper, based on SPSS statistics 17.0 software, the sludge specific resistance and sludge structural parameters dewatering characteristic model is established, and the multivariate linear model of sludge specific resistance and each parameter under two kinds of conditioning and tempering methods is obtained. According to the model, the sludge specific resistance and sludge structure parameters are the key factors to improve sludge dewatering performance.
【學位授予單位】：長沙理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X703

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