本文選題：工業(yè)鍋爐(窯爐) + 節(jié)能減排�。� 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)飛速增長伴隨著日益嚴(yán)峻的環(huán)境問題,從“十三五”規(guī)劃綱要來看,國家對節(jié)能減排方面的重視程度與日俱增,尤其是對淘汰型及小型鍋爐(窯爐)的關(guān)停整合。本文以皖北有色金屬冶煉企業(yè)為例,對該企業(yè)窯爐進(jìn)行節(jié)能減排改造。改造主要從節(jié)能和減排兩方面進(jìn)行,節(jié)能部分主要從增加后續(xù)余熱回收設(shè)備和云制控能耗監(jiān)測平臺實(shí)現(xiàn),減排部分主要從增設(shè)更高效的煙氣脫硫除塵設(shè)施—泡罩式煙氣脫硫除塵塔來實(shí)現(xiàn)。1.余熱回收原工藝中窯爐排出的高溫?zé)煔獗恢苯优欧胖链髿庠斐赡茉吹臉O大浪費(fèi),在煙氣管道出口后方增加一臺換熱器回收煙氣中的熱量,將排煙溫度從800℃降低至525℃,熱量轉(zhuǎn)化為蒸汽供其他需熱的生產(chǎn)工序或者廠區(qū)內(nèi)員工生活(食堂、浴室等)所用。該項(xiàng)改造年可節(jié)約標(biāo)煤422.44噸,節(jié)能效益可在兩年內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)換熱器實(shí)體投資的回收。目前,該部分節(jié)能改造已經(jīng)完成,已實(shí)現(xiàn)余熱回收。2.智能云制控能耗監(jiān)測平臺智能云制控能耗監(jiān)測平臺分為硬件、軟件兩個部分,其中硬件為數(shù)據(jù)采集信息終端,軟件包括GPRS通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)、監(jiān)控中心軟件等。數(shù)據(jù)采集信息終端包括：改進(jìn)后的水表、電表、用汽表等計量器具、傳感器、采集器、GPRS Modem等。智能云制控能耗監(jiān)測平臺的建立基于GPRS無線傳輸技術(shù),該平臺可實(shí)時在線監(jiān)測各類能耗數(shù)據(jù)(水、電、汽等),調(diào)閱日、月、年能耗報表,確保數(shù)據(jù)真實(shí)可靠,為后續(xù)能源審計、能耗公示、碳交易提供真實(shí)、可靠、便捷的數(shù)據(jù)支撐。該部分也已完成,可實(shí)現(xiàn)項(xiàng)目能源消耗數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時云端監(jiān)測。3.泡罩式脫硫除塵塔泡罩式脫硫除塵塔體內(nèi)等間距水平塔板上的主要構(gòu)件是圓柱形泡罩,每一層塔板靠近殼壁處設(shè)有高出塔板一定高度的降液管,該部分高度恰好可以構(gòu)成能使塔板上保持一定深度的流動液體的溢流堰,該部分液體用于與含硫氣體充分反應(yīng)。該泡罩式脫硫除塵塔的吸收液為添加適量表面活性劑的堿液,氣體自下而上通過每層塔板的液封層時,由泡罩下沿的小孔或齒縫分散出許多氣泡后再進(jìn)入液層,使液層形成泡沫層,綿密的泡沫層為氣體和液體充分接觸提供了有利的接觸面,使脫硫除塵效果更高效。該部分已經(jīng)完成實(shí)驗(yàn)室初探,探究了實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備空塔狀態(tài)頻率、風(fēng)速及壓降的關(guān)系,對比了實(shí)驗(yàn)室與原工藝的脫硫效率、除塵效率,發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅脫硫除塵效率得到了明顯的提升,設(shè)備能耗也較原工藝有了降低,實(shí)現(xiàn)了減排降耗,得出了泡罩式脫硫除塵更為高效的結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:The rapid growth of economy is accompanied by increasingly severe environmental problems. According to the outline of the 13th Five-Year Plan, the state pays more and more attention to energy saving and emission reduction, especially to the shutdown and integration of obsolete and small boilers (kilns).Taking the non-ferrous metal smelting enterprise in north Anhui as an example, the energy-saving and emission-reducing modification of the kiln is carried out in this paper.The transformation is mainly carried out from the aspects of energy saving and emission reduction. The energy saving part is mainly realized by adding follow-up waste heat recovery equipment and cloud control energy consumption monitoring platform.In the part of emission reduction, more efficient flue gas desulphurization and dust removal facilities, bubble hood type flue gas desulfurization and dust removal tower, are added to realize. 1.The waste heat recovery in the original process resulted in a great waste of energy due to the direct discharge of high-temperature flue gas from the kiln furnace to the atmosphere. An additional heat exchanger was added behind the flue gas pipe outlet to recover the heat from the flue gas, and the exhaust smoke temperature was reduced from 800 鈩，

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