發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-13 05:09

  本文選題：多環(huán)芳烴 + 納米纖維膜�。� 參考：《揚(yáng)州大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：多環(huán)芳烴是廣泛分布于環(huán)境中的一類持久性有機(jī)污染物,易在生物體內(nèi)積累,具有很強(qiáng)的致癌、致畸、致突變作用。常規(guī)的分析檢測(cè)方法大多耗時(shí)、分析成本高、樣品前處理復(fù)雜,難以滿足大量樣品的快速檢測(cè)需求。因此急需發(fā)展一種簡(jiǎn)單、快速、準(zhǔn)確的多環(huán)芳烴檢測(cè)方法。本文以自制的靜電紡絲裝置制備了尼龍6納米纖維膜。研究了尼龍6紡絲液濃度(可紡性)和紡絲工藝條件(紡絲電壓、紡絲距離、紡絲流量)對(duì)納米纖維直徑和纖維形貌的影響。通過對(duì)纖維直徑的計(jì)算以及形貌結(jié)構(gòu)的觀察調(diào)整確定了最佳的紡絲條件：紡絲液濃度0.25g/ml,紡絲電壓17kv,紡絲距離17cm,紡絲流量0.20ml/h。采用自然吸附和抽濾吸附兩種方式將納米纖維膜用于吸附水中的多環(huán)芳烴。通過分析PAHs的膜吸附量(Q)隨吸附時(shí)間(t)以及水體PAHs濃度(c)的變化關(guān)系,研究了尼龍6納米纖維膜對(duì)水中菲、芘、熒蒽的吸附特性。結(jié)果表明：尼龍6納米纖維膜對(duì)菲、芘、熒蒽均具有較強(qiáng)的吸附性能,吸附過程符合準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。在自然吸附和抽濾吸附方式下,PAHs的膜吸附量和濃度均呈良好的線性關(guān)系。抽濾吸附方式下菲、芘、熒蒽在納米纖維膜上的富集系數(shù)分別是自然吸附方式下的3.91、9.88、9.02倍。因此,抽濾方式的吸附效率顯著高于自然吸附,且吸附所需時(shí)間更短,更適用于多環(huán)芳烴的膜檢測(cè)�；谀猃�6納米纖維膜對(duì)水體PAHs良好的吸附特性,建立了水體痕量PAHs的膜富集/固相表面熒光光譜法。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：該方法測(cè)定菲、芘、熒蒽的檢出限分別為9.73×10-4μg/ml,1.62×10-5μg/ml,8.96×10-4μg/ml,利用自來水測(cè)定菲、芘、熒蒽的平均回收率分別為87.2%～98.2%,100.76%～120%,85.75%～92.32%;相對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差分別為7.0%,2.63%,5.1%。
[Abstract]:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants widely distributed in the environment. They are easy to accumulate in organisms and have strong carcinogenic teratogenicity and mutagenicity.Most of the conventional analytical methods are time-consuming, high cost, complex sample pretreatment, difficult to meet the needs of rapid detection of a large number of samples.Therefore, it is urgent to develop a simple, rapid and accurate method for the detection of PAHs.In this paper, nylon 6 nanofiber membrane was prepared by self-made electrostatic spinning device.The effects of spinning solution concentration (spinnability) and spinning process conditions (spinning voltage, spinning distance, spinning flow) on the diameter and morphology of the nanofibers were studied.The optimum spinning conditions were determined by calculating the fiber diameter and adjusting the morphology and structure: spinning solution concentration 0.25g / ml, spinning voltage 17kv, spinning distance 17cm, spinning flow rate 0.20ml / h.Nano-fiber membranes were used to adsorb polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water by natural adsorption and filtration adsorption.The adsorption characteristics of phenanthrene, pyrene and fluoranthene in water by nylon 6 nanofiber membrane were studied by analyzing the relationship between the membrane adsorption quantity (Q) of PAHs and the adsorption time (t) and the concentration of PAHs in water.The results showed that nylon 6 nanofiber membrane had strong adsorption properties for phenanthrene, pyrene and fluoranthene, and the adsorption process was in accordance with the quasi-second-order kinetic model.The adsorption capacity and concentration of PAHs were linear under natural adsorption and filtration adsorption.The enrichment coefficients of phenanthrene, pyrene and fluoranthene on nanofiltration membrane were 3.91 ~ 9.88 ~ 9.02 times higher than those of natural adsorption respectively.Therefore, the adsorption efficiency of filtration method is significantly higher than that of natural adsorption, and the adsorption time is shorter, which is more suitable for the membrane detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).Based on the good adsorption characteristics of nylon 6 nanofiber membrane for water PAHs, a membrane enrichment / solid phase surface fluorescence spectrometry for trace PAHs in water was established.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：X832

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