本文選題：電鍍污泥　切入點：浸出　出處：《武漢工程大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：電鍍污泥是電鍍過程中產(chǎn)生的電鍍底泥及廢水處理后的固體物。電鍍污泥的危害性比廢水的危害要大,如何處理電鍍污泥,避免其任意堆放或處置不當(dāng)造成更嚴重的二次污染,使其實現(xiàn)資源化成為亟待解決的問題。本文以某電鍍處理工業(yè)園含鎳電鍍污泥為研究對象,通過對其成分檢測可知,鎳在污泥中的含量占14.63%,具有良好的資源化利用價值。通過正交試驗與單因素優(yōu)化試驗,考察了酸浸條件對重金屬鎳的浸出率的影響與離子交換樹脂對酸浸液中鎳的吸附及解吸效果的主要影響因素,同時,也研究了酸浸動力學(xué)與離子交換吸附動力學(xué)機理。選取硫酸為浸出劑,對含鎳電鍍污泥進行了浸出試驗。通過正交試驗得出了最佳浸出方案,通過單因素優(yōu)化試驗,得到浸出的最佳條件：硫酸質(zhì)量分數(shù)為15%、固液比為1：7、污泥粒徑小于0.15 mm、時間為60 min、溫度20℃,此條件下鎳的浸出率可達96.02%。分別對電鍍污泥進行放大10倍和40倍試驗,鎳的浸出率仍在95%左右。浸出過程動力學(xué)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),該電鍍污泥的硫酸浸出過程符合固體產(chǎn)物層擴散控制模型,反應(yīng)級數(shù)是1,反應(yīng)擴散系數(shù)K=0.0117×e(?),Ea=3.127 kJ/mol。浸出熱力學(xué)研究表明：ΔH=-95.93 kJ·mol-1ΔS0=-146.96 J·mol·K-,ΔG=-52.14 kJ·mol-1。ΔH0,表明浸出過程為放熱過程。ΔG0,表明浸出過程自發(fā)進行。進行鐵離子去除試驗,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),SI-2樹脂對Fe3+最佳吸附條件為：pH是1.5,吸附時間為80 min,溫度是20℃。SIAP樹脂對Fe3+的最佳吸附條件為：pH是2,吸附時間是40 min,溫度是20℃。兩種樹脂的飽和吸附量均為35.00 mg/g左右。選用SI-2樹脂對鎳離子進行了提取研究,其靜態(tài)吸附的研究結(jié)果為：最佳pH是5,吸附時間是100 min,溫度是20℃,飽和吸附量為3000 mg/g。最佳靜態(tài)洗脫條件為：洗脫劑是鹽酸,濃度是4 mo1·L-1。脫80 min后洗脫率保持在93%左右。吸附過程動力學(xué)研究表明,SI-2樹脂對鎳離子的吸附過程與擬二級動力學(xué)模型t/Qt=1/(K2Qe)+t/Qe相符,并且線性相關(guān)系數(shù)大于0.99,液膜擴散控制是主要速率控制步驟,吸附表觀活化能Ea=1.532 kJ/mol。吸附過程熱力學(xué)研究表明,SI-2樹脂對鎳離子的吸附過程同時符合Langmuir和Freundlich兩種等溫吸附模型,并且Freundlich常數(shù)在2-3之間,說明吸附過程簡單易行。根據(jù)熱力學(xué)公式計算得出：在298K時,吸附過程的△H=3.39 kJ/mol,△S=73.05 J/(mol·K),△G=-18.38 kJ/mmol。△H0,表明整個過程為吸熱過程,△G0,說明吸附過程可以自發(fā)進行。
[Abstract]:Electroplating sludge is a kind of solid matter produced in electroplating process.The harm of electroplating sludge is greater than that of wastewater. How to treat electroplating sludge to avoid more serious secondary pollution caused by random stacking or improper disposal has become an urgent problem to be solved.In this paper, the nickel electroplating sludge in an industrial park is taken as the research object. The content of nickel in the sludge is 14.63, which has good value of resource utilization.The effects of acid leaching conditions on the leaching rate of heavy metal nickel and the main factors affecting the adsorption and desorption of nickel in acid leaching solution by ion exchange resin were investigated by orthogonal test and single factor optimization test.The kinetic mechanism of acid leaching and ion exchange adsorption was also studied.The leaching test of nickel-containing electroplating sludge was carried out with sulfuric acid as leaching agent.The optimum leaching scheme was obtained by orthogonal test. The optimum leaching conditions were obtained by single factor optimization test: the mass fraction of sulfuric acid was 15, the ratio of solid to liquid was 1: 7, the diameter of sludge was less than 0.15 mm, the time was 60 min, and the temperature was 20 鈩，

本文編號：1723491