本文選題：氨氮廢水處理　切入點：活性碳纖維　出處：《北京化工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文主要研究了活性碳纖維的改性方法及條件,以及改性后活性碳纖維在不同條件下對低濃度氨氮廢水的靜態(tài)吸附及動態(tài)吸附效果,并對吸附后的改性活性碳纖維樣品進行了再生方法研究。首先,通過實驗考察了幾種常用改性方法對活性碳纖維改性效果的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)硝酸和氫氧化鈉聯(lián)合改性的活性碳纖維樣品能有效去除水中低濃度的氨氮。隨后又研究了在不同濃度、溫度和時間下硝酸和氫氧化鈉的改性效果,探尋較適宜的改性條件。其次,本文還研究了改性活性碳纖維樣品的氨氮去除率隨著時間、溫度、初始氨氮濃度、投加量、溶液pH以及共存陽離子等因素的影響,確定了較適宜的吸附條件；通過研究動態(tài)吸附實驗,繪制了在不同停留時間下的動態(tài)吸附曲線。同時對改性活性碳纖維吸附氨氮的過程進行了動力學及熱力學研究,通過Langmuir吸附等溫式模擬算出最大吸附能力為19.61 mg·g-,并且Frundlich模型擬合結果顯示改性活性碳纖維容易吸附水中的氨氮；動力學擬合結果表明吸附過程符合準二級動力學方程,屬于內(nèi)擴散控制過程；熱力學參數(shù)表明是吸附過程是自發(fā)、吸熱和熵增加的過程。根據(jù)SEM、BET、FIRT、Boehm以及質(zhì)量滴定等表征手段,推斷活性碳纖維的改性及吸附氨氮的機理。本文對吸附飽和后的活性碳纖維進行了再生方法研究,通過對在常溫條件下不同濃度的鹽酸、氫氧化鈉和硫酸鈉溶液再生效果對比發(fā)現(xiàn),0.1 mol·L-1的氫氧化鈉溶液能有效再生飽和吸附的活性碳纖維。并且進行了蒸汽再生效果研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)使用0.1 mol·L-1氫氧化鈉浸泡后,再用130℃的水蒸氣再生解吸率能達到98%以上。通過動態(tài)吸附柱穿透吸附量對比研究水蒸氣再生效果,發(fā)現(xiàn)五次再生后吸附劑的穿透吸附量基本保持不變,說明改性活性碳纖維能有效地去除廢水中的低濃度氨氮,并且再生效果良好,具有良好的工業(yè)應用前景。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the modification methods and conditions of activated carbon fiber were studied, and the static and dynamic adsorption effects of modified activated carbon fiber on low concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater under different conditions were studied.The regeneration method of modified activated carbon fiber after adsorption was studied.Firstly, the effect of several modification methods on the modification effect of activated carbon fiber was investigated experimentally. It was found that the sample of activated carbon fiber modified by nitric acid and sodium hydroxide could effectively remove ammonia nitrogen from water with low concentration of ammonia.Then the modification effects of nitric acid and sodium hydroxide at different concentration, temperature and time were studied.Secondly, the effects of time, temperature, initial concentration of ammonia nitrogen, solution pH and co-existing cations on the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen of modified activated carbon fiber samples were studied, and the suitable adsorption conditions were determined.By studying the dynamic adsorption experiments, the dynamic adsorption curves at different residence times were drawn.At the same time, the kinetics and thermodynamics of the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen by modified activated carbon fiber were studied.The maximum adsorption capacity is 19.61 mg / g by Langmuir isotherm simulation, and the results of Frundlich model fitting show that the modified activated carbon fiber is easy to adsorb ammonia nitrogen in water, and the kinetic fitting results show that the adsorption process accords with the quasi-second-order kinetic equation.The thermodynamic parameters indicate that the adsorption process is spontaneous, endothermic and entropy increasing.The modification of activated carbon fiber and the mechanism of adsorption of ammonia nitrogen were inferred according to the characterization of SEMBETFITT Boehm and mass titration.In this paper, the regeneration method of adsorbed saturated activated carbon fiber was studied, and different concentrations of hydrochloric acid at room temperature were studied.The comparison of regeneration effect between sodium hydroxide solution and sodium sulfate solution shows that 0.1 mol L -1 sodium hydroxide solution can effectively regenerate saturated activated carbon fiber.The effect of steam regeneration was studied. It was found that after soaking with 0.1 mol L-1 sodium hydroxide, the desorption rate of steam regeneration was over 98% at 130 鈩，

本文編號：1710537