本文選題：感潮河涌　切入點(diǎn)：水質(zhì)分析　出處：《廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國感潮河的環(huán)境治理問題是亟待解決的河涌污染重要問題,由于其水流特點(diǎn)與普通的河涌不同,潮汐引起河道水流往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng),使得水體污染物難以擴(kuò)散,河水污染加重。因此研究典型感潮河水污染特性和污染整治技術(shù)有著重要的理論和實(shí)際意義。本文以佛山市西南涌作為典型感潮河涌,監(jiān)測和分析該感潮河水的水質(zhì)指標(biāo),對(duì)污染物點(diǎn)源和面源做出全面細(xì)致的分析研究,建立主要污染物COD、氨氮、總磷的減排控制模型,計(jì)算主要污染物的排放量控制指標(biāo)和預(yù)測水質(zhì)達(dá)標(biāo)狀況。首先研究了感潮河西南涌漲潮和落潮對(duì)水質(zhì)的影響,對(duì)西南涌起點(diǎn)三水水閘、中間鳳崗、西南涌終點(diǎn)和順斷面進(jìn)行了水質(zhì)監(jiān)測和分析,水質(zhì)指標(biāo)包括溫度、溶解氧、pH值、COD、BOD、氨氮、總磷、石油類等八項(xiàng)；然后對(duì)西南涌流域主要污染物來源的6條支涌進(jìn)行了監(jiān)測和分析。結(jié)果表明,西南涌上游為Ⅲ類，中游為劣V類,下游為V類；支涌蘆苞涌水質(zhì)達(dá)到Ⅳ類,其余五條支涌(大棉涌、大塑渦涌、左岸涌、解放涌、樂平涌)均為劣V類。西南涌和支涌污染程度是氨氮總磷COD�；诟谐焙游髂嫌康奈廴疚镫y以擴(kuò)散,必須對(duì)污染物點(diǎn)源和面源進(jìn)行消減和控制的原因,對(duì)西南涌流域的支涌全部點(diǎn)源污染物和面源污染物分別計(jì)算,計(jì)算重要的指標(biāo)COD、氨氮和總磷。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染物排放總量超過點(diǎn)源污染物(工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和生活污水排放等)的排放總量,其中COD面源排放總量與點(diǎn)源排放總量基本相當(dāng)；但是對(duì)于氨氮量和總磷,面源排放量分別是點(diǎn)源排放量的2.7倍和6倍,顯示出西南涌污染的主要問題是面源污染。論文根據(jù)西南涌流域里水質(zhì)為劣V類的支涌,對(duì)其點(diǎn)源排放量和面源排放量進(jìn)行了線性回歸,得出了污染物總量的計(jì)算公式,即點(diǎn)源排放量X1和面源排放量X2之間的關(guān)系式。COD的回歸方程為Y=0.6613X1+0.9899X2-79.5665；氨氮的回歸方程為Y=0.523X1+0.5763X2+4.4474；總磷的回歸方程為Y=1.4399X1+0.7905X2-4.8306。用這些方程計(jì)算了各支涌的污染物總排放量,預(yù)測了河水功能達(dá)標(biāo)時(shí)支涌的污染物的減排率。本文提出改善感潮河西南涌水質(zhì)的關(guān)鍵措施是點(diǎn)源和面源污染的全面控制,尤其突出的問題是氨氮污染和總磷污染的控制。河涌污染點(diǎn)源污染控制措施主要是加強(qiáng)污水收集管網(wǎng)的建設(shè),加快污水處理廠建設(shè)的進(jìn)度。面源污染控制主要針對(duì)氨氮和總磷污染控制,重點(diǎn)是對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染的全面整治；加強(qiáng)禽畜養(yǎng)殖的管理,科學(xué)合理使用農(nóng)藥和化肥,在河涌附近的一定距離范圍設(shè)立禁養(yǎng)區(qū),加強(qiáng)河涌兩岸的生態(tài)綠化和屏障建設(shè)等有效措施。
[Abstract]:The environmental control of tidal river in China is an important problem to be solved urgently. Because of its characteristics of water flow is different from that of ordinary river, tidal causes the flow of river water to move back and forth, which makes it difficult to spread pollutants in the water body and aggravate the pollution of river water.Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the water pollution characteristics and pollution remediation technology of typical tidal river.In this paper, the southwest surge of Foshan City is taken as the typical tidal current, the water quality index of the tidal water is monitored and analyzed, the point source and the non-point source of the pollutants are analyzed thoroughly and meticulously, and the emission reduction control model of the main pollutants, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus is established.Calculate the discharge control index of the main pollutants and predict the water quality standard.The effect of high tide and low tide on water quality of southwest tidal current is studied. The water quality monitoring and analysis of Sanshui sluice, middle Fenggang, end point of southwest surge and along section are carried out. The water quality indexes include temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH value of COD _ DBOD, ammonia nitrogen, etc.The total phosphorus, petroleum and other eight items were monitored and analyzed.The pollution degree of southwest surge and branch surge is ammonia nitrogen total phosphorus COD.Because the pollutants in the southwest surge of the tidal river are difficult to diffuse, the point source and the non-point source of the pollutants must be reduced and controlled, and all the point source pollutants and the non-point source pollutants in the southwest surge basin are calculated separately.Calculate the important indexes of COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus.The results show that the total amount of agricultural non-point source pollutants is higher than that of point source pollutants (industrial production and domestic sewage, etc.), and the total amount of COD non-point source emissions is basically the same as that of point source emissions, but for ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus,Non-point source emissions are 2.7 times and 6 times of point source emissions, respectively, indicating that the main problem of southwest surge pollution is non-point source pollution.According to the substandard V branch of water quality in the southwest basin, the linear regression of point source and non-point source discharge is carried out, and the formula for calculating the total amount of pollutants is obtained.These equations are used to calculate the total discharge of pollutants from each branch and to predict the emission reduction rate of the pollutants when the function of the river reaches the standard.This paper puts forward that the key measure to improve the water quality of southwest surge of tidal river is the comprehensive control of point source and non-point source pollution, especially the control of ammonia nitrogen pollution and total phosphorus pollution.Effective measures should be taken to strengthen ecological greening and barrier construction on both sides of the river.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X522

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條

1 由文輝,劉淑媛,錢曉燕;水生經(jīng)濟(jì)植物凈化受污染水體研究[J];華東師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2000年01期

2 劉超翔,董春宏,李峰民,胡洪營,黃霞,施漢昌,錢易;潛流式人工濕地污水處理系統(tǒng)硝化能力研究[J];環(huán)境科學(xué);2003年01期

3 吳青梅;羅慧東;孫國萍;許玫英;鄧代永;;典型感潮內(nèi)河涌水質(zhì)污染特征調(diào)查研究[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2011年10期

4 夏漢平;人工濕地處理污水的機(jī)理與效率[J];生態(tài)學(xué)雜志;2002年04期

，

本文編號(hào)：1691285