本文選題：南四湖　切入點(diǎn)：光合細(xì)菌　出處：《曲阜師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：南四湖是山東省內(nèi)最大的淡水湖,在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和水資源利用中具有重要的作用,但近年來周圍地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展及人為因素,濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)遭到嚴(yán)重破壞,水體出現(xiàn)富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化狀態(tài)。而光合細(xì)菌具有特殊的生理生化性質(zhì),能夠降解水體中的污染物,因此篩選出具有凈化水質(zhì)功能的光合細(xì)菌對(duì)于改善南四湖目前的現(xiàn)狀具有重要的作用。本課題從南四湖底泥中篩選分離出了22株光合細(xì)菌,選取具有代表性特征其中兩株菌GH-5和GH-12作為研究對(duì)象,分別進(jìn)行鑒定,優(yōu)化了培養(yǎng)條件和改良了培養(yǎng)基配方,初步研究了這兩株菌對(duì)養(yǎng)殖污水中總氮、總磷和COD的降解情況。通過形態(tài)學(xué)鑒定、生理生化鑒定及分子鑒定等一系列鑒定實(shí)驗(yàn)最后確定GH-5屬于紫色非硫細(xì)菌科、紅細(xì)菌屬、莢膜紅細(xì)菌Rhodobacter capsulatus,GH-12屬于紫色非硫細(xì)菌科、紅細(xì)菌屬、球形紅細(xì)菌Rhodobacter sphaeroides。通過對(duì)GH-5和GH-12培養(yǎng)條件的研究,得出GH-5的最適培養(yǎng)條件為:接種量為5%、培養(yǎng)溫度為25℃、初始pH為7.0;GH-12的最佳培養(yǎng)條件為:接種量為5%、培養(yǎng)溫度為30℃、初始pH為8.0。通過對(duì)ATYP培養(yǎng)基進(jìn)行改良,得出了最優(yōu)培養(yǎng)基配方,其中菌株GH-5的最佳培養(yǎng)基配方為NaHCO3含量為2000mg/L、酵母膏含量為1000mg/L、乙酸鈉含量為1000mg/L;菌株GH-12的最佳培養(yǎng)基配方為NaHCO3含量為1500mg/L、酵母膏含量為1000mg/L、乙酸鈉含量為2000mg/L。GH-5和GH-12均能夠?qū)︷B(yǎng)殖污水進(jìn)行凈化,其中菌株GH-5在光照微好氧、溫度為25℃、菌體添加量為2mg/L時(shí)對(duì)污水的降解效果最好,總氮、總磷和COD的去除率分別為66.8%、58.1%、62.7%;菌株GH-12在光照微好氧、溫度為30℃、菌體添加量為5mg/L時(shí)對(duì)污水的降解效果最好,總氮、總磷和COD的去除率分別為62.1%、59.2%、60.7%。并且兩種菌株混合加入對(duì)三個(gè)指標(biāo)的降解效果比單一菌株的降解效果好,當(dāng)GH-5與GH-12的添加比例為2:1時(shí),對(duì)污水的降解效果是最好的,總氮、總磷和COD的去除率分別為68.2%、58.8%、64.3%。研究結(jié)果表明,從南四湖底泥中篩選出的光合細(xì)菌具有凈化水質(zhì)的功能,為南四湖微生物多樣性和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Nansihu Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Shandong Province, plays an important role in economic development and water resources utilization. However, in recent years, the wetland ecosystem has been seriously damaged by the rapid economic development and human factors in the surrounding areas. The photosynthetic bacteria have special physiological and biochemical properties, which can degrade the pollutants in the water body. Therefore, the screening of photosynthetic bacteria with the function of purifying water quality plays an important role in improving the present situation of Nansihu Lake. In this paper, 22 photosynthetic bacteria strains were isolated from the sediment of Nansihu Lake. Two strains of bacteria, GH-5 and GH-12, were selected as the research objects. The culture conditions were optimized and the medium formulation was improved. The total nitrogen of the two strains in the culture wastewater was preliminarily studied. The degradation of total phosphorus and COD. A series of identification experiments, such as morphological identification, physiological and biochemical identification and molecular identification, finally confirmed that GH-5 belongs to the purple non-sulfur bacteria family, the red bacteria genus Rhodobacter capsulatusu GH-12 belongs to the purple non-sulfur bacteria family. Rhodobacter sphaeroides.Through the study of GH-5 and GH-12 culture conditions, the optimum culture conditions of GH-5 were obtained as follows: inoculation amount was 5, culture temperature was 25 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1688753