本文選題：鄱陽湖　切入點：懸浮泥沙　出處：《江西理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：鄱陽湖作為我國第一大淡水湖,在長江流域的生態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)中占有舉足輕重的作用,同時作為國際上重要的濕地,對鄱陽湖的生態(tài)保護及監(jiān)測有著重要的現(xiàn)實意義。懸浮泥沙作為重要的水質(zhì)參數(shù)之一,是衡量水質(zhì)好壞的標準之一。鄱陽湖多處水域受附近民生及采砂影響,導(dǎo)致水體異常渾濁,同時也對鄱陽湖的魚類生存環(huán)境造成了破壞。遙感技術(shù)作為一種宏觀的監(jiān)測手段,將大面積及高時效的監(jiān)測成為了可能。本文基于此,以鄱陽湖水域為研究區(qū),通過三個時期的實測調(diào)查采樣和實驗室測量獲得懸沙的粒度和濃度數(shù)據(jù),進行了鄱陽湖地區(qū)光譜特征的研究以及懸沙粒度反演模型的建立。根據(jù)實測的粒度數(shù)據(jù),對三種分布模式下的中值粒徑、平均粒徑和眾數(shù)粒徑進行了分析,中值粒徑與平均粒徑之間有很好的相關(guān)性;粒徑大小在一定程度上受到濃度的影響,在高濃度水域,粒徑與濃度呈負相關(guān),但在低濃度區(qū)域相關(guān)性較復(fù)雜,沒有一定的規(guī)律性。鄱陽湖實測光譜反射率隨著懸沙濃度的升高而變大;隨著懸沙濃度的增大,第一反射峰向長波方向移動,峰值移動范圍575nm-605nm,且775nm附近的第二反射峰逐漸升高,趨近于第一反射峰。渾濁區(qū)反射率隨粒徑變大而升高,清水區(qū)反射率隨粒徑變大而降低,粒徑與反射率的關(guān)系在不同泥沙濃度水域呈現(xiàn)出不同的趨勢。本文對不同分布模式下的各粒度參數(shù)與遙感反射率的相關(guān)性進行了探討分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)在渾濁區(qū)懸沙粒度與反射率呈負相關(guān),清水區(qū)呈正相關(guān);結(jié)合環(huán)境衛(wèi)星HJ-1A/1B星CCD影像數(shù)據(jù)波段反射率的相關(guān)分析,渾濁區(qū)基于體積百分比的眾數(shù)粒徑與反射率相關(guān)性較好,相關(guān)系數(shù)-0.6左右,清水區(qū)基于數(shù)量百分比的中值粒徑與反射率很強的正相關(guān),相關(guān)系數(shù)達0.8;對影像單波段、波段平均、波段比反射率與粒度相關(guān)性分析,找到較優(yōu)的反演模式,建立懸沙粒度反演模型,渾濁區(qū)以冪函數(shù)、清水區(qū)以多項式函數(shù)關(guān)系模型擬合度最高,決定系數(shù)R2分別為0.4774和0.9102。在對研究區(qū)域調(diào)研準同步遙感影像預(yù)處理的基礎(chǔ)上,將反演模型進行了應(yīng)用,得到了懸沙粒度的分布圖,并對年內(nèi)四個季節(jié)粒度分布的變化進行了分析。
[Abstract]:Poyang Lake, as the largest freshwater lake in China, plays an important role in the ecological regulation of the Yangtze River Basin and is an important wetland in the world. As one of the important water quality parameters, suspended sediment is one of the criteria to measure the quality of water quality. Many areas of Poyang Lake are affected by people's livelihood and sand mining nearby. As a kind of macroscopical monitoring method, remote sensing technology makes it possible to monitor large area and high time. In the study area of Poyang Lake, the particle size and concentration data of suspended sediment were obtained by sampling and laboratory measurements in three periods. The spectral characteristics of Poyang Lake region and the establishment of inversion model of suspended sediment particle size are studied. According to the measured particle size data, the median particle size, mean particle size and mode particle size under three distribution modes are analyzed. There is a good correlation between the median particle size and the average particle size, the particle size is affected by the concentration to some extent, in the high concentration area, the particle size is negatively correlated with the concentration, but the correlation is more complex in the low concentration area. The measured spectral reflectance of Poyang Lake increases with the increase of suspended sediment concentration, the first reflection peak moves to the direction of long wave with the increase of suspended sediment concentration, and the peak value moves in the range of 575nm-605nm, and the second reflection peak near 775nm increases gradually. The reflectivity of turbidity region increases with the increase of particle size, while the reflectivity of clear water region decreases with the increase of particle size. The relationship between particle size and reflectivity shows different trends in different sediment concentration waters. The correlation between particle size parameters and remote sensing reflectivity under different distribution patterns is discussed in this paper. It was found that there was a negative correlation between suspended sediment granularity and reflectivity in turbid region, and a positive correlation between reflectance in clear water region, and a good correlation between reflectance and bulk particle size based on volume percentage in turbid region, combining with correlation analysis of reflectivity in CCD image of environmental satellite HJ-1A/1B satellite. The correlation coefficient is about -0.6, and the correlation coefficient between the median particle size and reflectivity in clear water region based on the quantity percentage is very strong, and the correlation coefficient is 0.8. For the single band, band average, band specific reflectivity and particle size correlation analysis, a better inversion model is found. The inversion model of suspended sediment particle size is established. The power function is used in the turbid area and the polynomial function is used in the clear water area. The determination coefficient R2 is 0.4774 and 0.9102, respectively. Based on the preprocessing of quasi-synchronous remote sensing image, The inversion model is applied to obtain the distribution map of suspended sand granularity, and the variation of grain size distribution in four seasons of the year is analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X524;X87

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