本文選題：底泥　切入點(diǎn)：擾動(dòng)　出處：《蘇州科技學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：底泥擾動(dòng)可以去除富營養(yǎng)化河道中的藻類,利于藻細(xì)胞被懸浮顆粒物打碎并在底泥自然沉降中被吸附。但對于底泥擾動(dòng)除藻效果的相關(guān)研究甚少。因而研究底泥擾動(dòng)懸浮除藻效果及機(jī)制,對解決水體富營養(yǎng)化問題具有重要意義。本文探討了三方面,一、不同擾動(dòng)參數(shù)下上覆水中藻類的去除效果及機(jī)制；二、底泥擾動(dòng)對上覆水中不同種屬藻類的去除效果；三、底泥擾動(dòng)和混凝聯(lián)用實(shí)驗(yàn)的除藻效果,為底泥擾動(dòng)作為一項(xiàng)新的除藻技術(shù)供一定的基礎(chǔ)理論研究。本研究參考粘土除藻、混凝沉淀除藻和水動(dòng)力學(xué)條件對藻類生長影響等研究成果,對底泥擾動(dòng)這種新方法除藻效果進(jìn)行初步探索研究。結(jié)果表明,底泥擾動(dòng)可以提高葉綠素a的去除率,第一次擾動(dòng)后,葉綠素a去除率平均達(dá)到最大(65%),此后,每次擾動(dòng)后葉綠素a的下降幅度均低于第一次擾動(dòng)。增加擾動(dòng)強(qiáng)度、擾動(dòng)時(shí)間,可以提高第一次擾動(dòng)后的藻類去除率。高頻率擾動(dòng)下,藻類的去除率相對穩(wěn)定。同時(shí),底泥擾動(dòng)能夠有效抑制上覆水中藻的光合作用活性,顯著低于對照實(shí)驗(yàn)；底泥擾動(dòng)對溶解性磷酸鹽(DIP)和氨氮也有一定的去除效果。通過對擾動(dòng)前后藻類的細(xì)胞形態(tài)的鏡檢分析,可以初步得出底泥擾動(dòng)的除藻機(jī)理：底泥擾動(dòng)可以增加水中懸浮物的數(shù)量和運(yùn)動(dòng)速率,一方面通過機(jī)械擾動(dòng)打碎并致死藻類,改變藻細(xì)胞表面的物理、化學(xué)性質(zhì),使其無法在表層聚集,從而控制其進(jìn)一步增殖。另一方面破碎后的細(xì)胞殘骸,由于體積的明顯減少,便于底泥在自然沉降中對上覆水中藻類的靜電吸附。對本實(shí)驗(yàn)水樣中的藻種分析表明,原水中藻類主要以藍(lán)藻和綠藻為主,硅藻含量較低。底泥擾動(dòng)可以完全去除水體中的硅藻和大部分藍(lán)藻和綠藻。同時(shí),底泥擾動(dòng)對水中各藻屬均有很好的抑制脅迫作用,尤其藍(lán)藻和硅藻光合作用活性消失,藻細(xì)胞幾乎全部死亡。底泥擾動(dòng)預(yù)處里和混凝聯(lián)用工藝對葉綠素a的去除率平均達(dá)到91.82%,明顯高于無底泥預(yù)處理(73.90%)。與未擾動(dòng)預(yù)處理相對比,擾動(dòng)預(yù)處理后,混凝工藝對葉綠素a去除率提高了10%。這說明對于除藻而言底泥擾動(dòng)與混凝工藝之間具有協(xié)同作用。
[Abstract]:Sediment disturbances remove algae from eutrophication channels, It is beneficial for algae cells to be smashed by suspended particles and adsorbed in the natural deposition of sediment. However, there is little research on the effect of sediment disturbance on algae removal. Therefore, the effect and mechanism of suspended algal removal by sediment disturbance are studied. It is of great significance to solve the problem of eutrophication of water body. This paper discusses three aspects: first, the removal effect and mechanism of algae in overlying water under different disturbance parameters; second, the removal effect of sediment disturbance on algae belonging to different species in overlying water; The algal removal effect of sediment disturbance and coagulation experiment provides a certain basic theoretical research for sediment disturbance as a new algal removal technology. The effect of sediment disturbance on algae removal was studied. The results showed that sediment disturbance could improve the removal rate of chlorophyll a. After the first disturbance, the average removal rate of chlorophyll a reached to the maximum of 65%. Thereafter, the decrease of chlorophyll a after each disturbance was lower than that of the first disturbance. Under high frequency disturbance, the algae removal rate was relatively stable. At the same time, the sediment disturbance could effectively inhibit the photosynthesis activity of algae in the overlying water, which was significantly lower than that in the control experiment. Sediment disturbance can also remove dissolved phosphate (DIPs) and ammonia nitrogen. The microscopical analysis of algae cell morphology before and after disturbance, The mechanism of algal removal from sediment disturbance can be preliminarily obtained: sediment disturbance can increase the quantity and movement rate of suspended matter in water. On the one hand, the physical and chemical properties of algae cell surface can be changed by breaking and killing algae by mechanical disturbance. Which prevents it from gathering on the surface, thus controlling its further proliferation. On the other hand, the broken remains of the cells, due to a significant reduction in volume, It is convenient for the sediment to adsorb algae in the overlying water by static electricity. The analysis of algae species in the experimental water shows that the algae in the raw water are mainly cyanobacteria and green algae. The sediment disturbance can completely remove diatoms and most cyanobacteria and green algae from the water. At the same time, the sediment disturbance can inhibit the stress of all algae in water, especially the photosynthesis activity of cyanobacteria and diatoms disappeared. Almost all algal cells died. The average removal rate of chlorophyll a was 91.82, which was significantly higher than that of no sediment pretreatment (73.90g). Compared with undisturbed pretreatment, the removal rate of chlorophyll a was significantly higher than that of undisturbed pretreatment, after disturbance pretreatment, the removal rate of chlorophyll a was significantly higher than that of undisturbed pretreatment. The removal rate of chlorophyll a was increased by 10% by coagulation process, which indicated that there was a synergistic effect between sediment disturbance and coagulation process for algae removal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52

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本文編號：1656830