本文選題：密閉環(huán)境　切入點(diǎn)：空氣質(zhì)量評價(jià)　出處：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在工礦及軍事領(lǐng)域中有很多密閉的特殊生活環(huán)境,如礦用救生艙、特定密封車間、地下工事、潛艇等,這些環(huán)境的共同特點(diǎn)是空間密閉、狹小與外界不流通,隨著在其內(nèi)工作人員活動的累積,產(chǎn)生的代謝物必將對密閉空間環(huán)境產(chǎn)生污染,長時(shí)間處在這樣的環(huán)境下時(shí)會產(chǎn)生惡心、頭暈、無力等癥狀。為此,研制一種能夠監(jiān)測密閉環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量的監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)具有重要的理論意義和很大的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。在研究了大量關(guān)于密閉環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量測量相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)和有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)后,設(shè)計(jì)了本文的密閉環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),整個(gè)系統(tǒng)以模塊化為設(shè)計(jì)為核心。本設(shè)計(jì)采用分布式電源方案,以隔離DC/DC開關(guān)電源LT3748為核心搭配AMS1117、TL431等構(gòu)成了整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的電源結(jié)構(gòu)。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)由主板和測量板構(gòu)成,測量板負(fù)責(zé)測量相關(guān)的氣體參數(shù),主板負(fù)責(zé)收集測量板測量的氣體參數(shù)值,這樣當(dāng)被測的密閉環(huán)境改變時(shí),只需添加或減少相應(yīng)的測量板即可,增加了系統(tǒng)的靈活性和后期維護(hù)的方便性,主板和測量板之間采用USART通信,通過CRC校驗(yàn)增強(qiáng)了數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)臏?zhǔn)確性。本文研究了電化學(xué)、溫濕度、差壓等傳感器的測量原理,設(shè)計(jì)了與之相配套的具有溫濕度補(bǔ)償功能的信號調(diào)理電路,同時(shí)采用了分段線性化的辦法對傳感器的非線性問題進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),設(shè)計(jì)了RS485以及4-20m A的輸出接口電路�？紤]到現(xiàn)場人員使用方便性,本文依據(jù)模糊數(shù)學(xué)的理論對密閉環(huán)境的空氣質(zhì)量進(jìn)行了評價(jià),建立了評價(jià)模型,給出了軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。本設(shè)計(jì)完成后進(jìn)行了初步系統(tǒng)測量實(shí)驗(yàn),實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明各參數(shù)測量結(jié)果達(dá)到了相關(guān)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求,具有實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In the industrial, mining and military fields, there are many special sealed living environments, such as mine lifebuoys, special sealed workshops, underground works, submarines, etc. The common features of these environments are that the space is closed, small and not circulating with the outside world. With the accumulation of staff activities within it, the resulting metabolites are bound to pollute the confined space environment, causing nausea, dizziness, weakness and other symptoms when they are in such an environment for long periods of time. It is of great theoretical significance and great application value to develop a kind of monitoring system which can monitor air quality in airtight environment. After studying a large number of literatures and standards about air quality measurement in airtight environment, The air quality monitoring system in airtight environment is designed in this paper. The whole system is based on modularization. The whole system is composed of mainboard and measuring board, the measuring board is responsible for measuring the related gas parameters, and the main board is responsible for collecting the gas parameter value measured by the measuring board. In this way, when the airtight environment is changed, we only need to add or reduce the corresponding measuring board, increase the flexibility of the system and the convenience of later maintenance, and use USART communication between the main board and the measuring board. The accuracy of data transmission is enhanced by CRC verification. The measurement principle of electrochemical, temperature and humidity, differential pressure sensors is studied, and a signal conditioning circuit with temperature and humidity compensation function is designed. At the same time, the piecewise linearization method is used to improve the nonlinear problem of the sensor, and the output interface circuit of RS485 and 4-20mA is designed. In this paper, based on the theory of fuzzy mathematics, the air quality in the airtight environment is evaluated, the evaluation model is established, and the software realization method is given. The experimental results show that the measurement results meet the requirements of relevant standards and have practical application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X84

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本文編號：1652194