本文選題：吉首市　切入點(diǎn)：石漠化　出處：《中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：石漠化是當(dāng)前全球最嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問題之一,土地荒漠化的防治與治理已經(jīng)成為全球加強(qiáng)生態(tài)建設(shè)的重要領(lǐng)域。目前,單一的治理措施已經(jīng)無法達(dá)到人們需要的治理效果,且治理后容易恢復(fù)原狀。因此,石漠化綜合治理模式已經(jīng)成為生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中迫切需要的應(yīng)用技術(shù)。本文以湖南省吉首市為例,開展土地石漠化綜合治理模式研究,其主要研究結(jié)果如下：(1)吉首市2014年土地總面積106245.8hm2,其中非巖溶面積10208.4hm2,巖溶面積96037.4hm2。巖溶面積中非石漠化面積35695.1hm2,潛在石漠化面積34945.1hm2,石漠化面積25397.2hm2,其中輕度石漠化面積15832.4hm2,中度石漠化面積8464.0hm2,強(qiáng)度石漠化面積983.3hm2,極強(qiáng)度石漠化面積117.5hm2。(2)基于吉首市石漠化現(xiàn)狀特征和石漠化影響因子,在現(xiàn)有6種石漠化治理模式的基礎(chǔ)上,采用層次分析法構(gòu)建了以“林草植被建設(shè)—草食畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展—水利水保措施建設(shè)”相結(jié)合的石漠化綜合治理模式。(3)完成了灣溪河小流域的石漠化綜合治理案例設(shè)計(jì)。封山育林1807.4hm2,人工造生態(tài)林201.9hm2,棚圈建設(shè)4652m2,青貯窖建設(shè)440m3,飼草機(jī)械建設(shè)22臺,引水渠19620m,排水溝1000m,維修水塘2口,攔河壩11座,蓄水池20口,沉沙池5口,共治理石漠化面積2001.6hm2。(4)對灣溪河小流域的石漠化綜合治理進(jìn)行了效果分析。灣溪河小流域石漠化綜合治理實(shí)施后,預(yù)計(jì)治理區(qū)新增森林涵養(yǎng)水源總量為15.75萬立方米/年、年均可減少水土流失16.73萬噸、每年可吸收二氧化碳1293.17噸,釋放氧氣1144.77噸、吸收二氧化硫30.69噸,削減粉塵0.44萬噸;創(chuàng)造的直接經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值為6770.40萬元,間接經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值為220.23萬元。
[Abstract]:Rocky desertification is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world at present. The prevention and control of land desertification has become an important field to strengthen ecological construction in the world. Therefore, the comprehensive control mode of rocky desertification has become an urgent application technology in production practice. This paper takes Jishou City of Hunan Province as an example to carry out a study on the comprehensive control model of land rocky desertification. The main results are as follows: (1) the total land area of Jishou city in 2014 is 106245.8 hm2, in which the non-karst area is 10208.4hm2and the karst area is 96037.4hm2.Karst area is 35695.1hm2.Karst area is 35695.1hm2, potential rocky desertification area 34945.1hm2, rocky desertification area 25397.2hm2among them, slight rocky desertification area is 15832.4hm2. The area of moderate rocky desertification is 8464.0hm2, the area of intensity rocky desertification is 983.3hm2, and the area of extreme intensity rocky desertification is 117.5hm2.2. On the basis of existing six models of rocky desertification, The comprehensive control model of rocky desertification is constructed with the combination of "forest and grass vegetation construction, herbivorous animal husbandry development and water conservancy and water conservation measures" by using the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The comprehensive control case of rocky desertification in the small watershed of the Bay River is set up. The forest was closed up at 1807.4hm2, the artificial ecological forest 201.9hm2, the greenhouse 4652m2, the silage cellar 440m3and the forage machinery 22, The drainage channel is 19620m, the drainage ditch is 1000m, the maintenance pond is 2, the block dam is 11, the reservoir is 20, the sand sink is 5, The effect of comprehensive control of rocky desertification in the small watershed of Wanxi River is analyzed. After the comprehensive control of rocky desertification in the small watershed of Wanxi River is carried out, it is estimated that the total amount of new forest water conservation water in the control area is 157500 cubic meters per year. The annual soil and water loss can be reduced by 167300 tons, the annual carbon dioxide can be absorbed by 1293.17 tons, oxygen is released by 1144.77 tons, sulfur dioxide is absorbed by 30.69 tons, dust is reduced by 4400 tons, the direct economic value is 67.704 million yuan and the indirect economic value is 2.2023 million yuan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X171.4

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條

1 廖炳恒;隋U，

本文編號：1645705