本文選題：草海湖濱濕地　切入點(diǎn)：甲烷產(chǎn)生潛力　出處：《貴州師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：甲烷(CH4)是大氣中含量?jī)H次于二氧化碳(CO2)的第二大溫室氣體。在100年時(shí)間尺度,單個(gè)分子CH4的溫室效應(yīng)比CO2高25倍,而且大氣中甲烷的一系列反應(yīng)還會(huì)影響臭氧濃度。大氣中甲烷濃度從工業(yè)革命前的0.7ppmv增加到當(dāng)前的1.8ppmv,其年均增幅為0.5%-0.8%。濕地是重要的碳匯,也是溫室氣體CH4等的排放源,其排放量占CH4自然排放總量的70%,占全球CH4排放總量的24.8%。由于人類活動(dòng)和氣候變化,濕地水文條件發(fā)生明顯的改變,濕地水位下降。濕地水文條件變化對(duì)CH4產(chǎn)生與氧化的影響及其環(huán)境調(diào)控機(jī)制尚無(wú)不明確。本文以云貴高原典型濕地草海為研究對(duì)象,研究濕地自然水位梯度下CH4產(chǎn)生與氧化潛力的變化規(guī)律及其與環(huán)境因子的關(guān)系,研究結(jié)果有助于理解濕地CH4排放的異質(zhì)性及其機(jī)制。本文主要研究結(jié)論:(1)草海高原濕地湖濱帶甲烷產(chǎn)生潛力的變化規(guī)律為農(nóng)田原生沼澤草甸沼澤草甸;甲烷氧化潛力的變化規(guī)律為原生沼澤農(nóng)田草甸沼澤草甸。(2)草海高原濕地湖濱帶甲烷產(chǎn)生與氧化潛力垂直空間變化不同。整體上甲烷產(chǎn)生潛力隨土層深度增加而降低,而甲烷氧化潛力隨深度的變化差異不顯著。濕地甲烷產(chǎn)生潛力最大土層是0-5cm,與其它土層差異顯著(p0.05)。(3)草海高原濕地湖濱帶甲烷產(chǎn)生潛力季節(jié)變化為:秋季春季夏季冬季,甲烷氧化潛力的季節(jié)變化為:夏季春季冬季秋季。(4)草海高原濕地湖濱帶原生沼澤、沼澤草甸土壤甲烷產(chǎn)生潛力與甲烷氧化潛力呈極顯著正相關(guān),草甸甲烷產(chǎn)生潛力與甲烷氧化潛力極顯著負(fù)相關(guān),農(nóng)田與其相關(guān)性不顯著。(5)草海高原濕地湖濱帶甲烷產(chǎn)生和氧化潛力與環(huán)境因子的關(guān)系:土溫與農(nóng)田甲烷產(chǎn)生潛力、原生沼澤甲烷氧化潛力顯著正相關(guān);Eh與原生沼澤甲烷產(chǎn)生潛力、沼澤草甸甲烷氧化潛力顯著負(fù)相關(guān);土壤含水量與沼澤草甸甲烷產(chǎn)生潛力顯著正相關(guān),p H與原生沼澤、沼澤草甸甲烷產(chǎn)生潛力顯著正相關(guān)。(6)草海高原濕地湖濱帶甲烷產(chǎn)生和氧化潛力與電子受體的關(guān)系:同一種離子對(duì)不同階段濕地甲烷產(chǎn)生和氧化活性的影響存在明顯的差異,不同的陰陽(yáng)離子對(duì)不同類型濕地甲烷產(chǎn)生和氧化潛力的影響不同。在陽(yáng)離子中,二價(jià)鐵離子、銨根離子對(duì)沼澤草甸甲烷產(chǎn)生主要起促進(jìn)作用,對(duì)原生沼澤和草甸甲烷氧化主要起抑制作用;硝酸根離子對(duì)原生沼澤甲烷氧化潛力的抑制作用最強(qiáng);二價(jià)錳離子對(duì)原生沼澤土壤甲烷氧化具有促進(jìn)作用。(7)由主成份分析可得,影響草海高原濕地湖濱帶甲烷產(chǎn)生和氧化潛力的主要因子是土壤含水量、DOC、NH4-N。但分析的主要因子解釋的信息量不高,說(shuō)明主要影響因素除環(huán)境因素、電子受體外,還有微生物、植物根系分泌物等。
[Abstract]:CH4 is the second largest greenhouse gas in the atmosphere after carbon dioxide (CO2). On a 100-year scale, Greenhouse Effect, a single molecule, is 25 times higher than CO2. Moreover, a series of reactions to methane in the atmosphere will also affect ozone concentration. The concentration of methane in the atmosphere has increased from 0.7 ppmv before the industrial revolution to 1.8 ppmv today, with an average annual growth rate of 0.5 to 0.8 percent. Wetlands are an important carbon sink and a source of greenhouse gas CH4 and so on. Its emissions account for 70% of the total natural emissions of CH4 and 24.8% of the total global CH4 emissions. As a result of human activities and climate change, the hydrological conditions of wetlands have changed significantly. The effect of changes of wetland hydrological conditions on CH4 production and oxidation and its environmental regulation mechanism are not clear. This paper takes the typical wetland grass and sea in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau as the research object. The changes of CH4 production and oxidation potential under natural water level gradient in wetlands and their relationship with environmental factors were studied. The results are helpful to understand the heterogeneity and mechanism of CH4 emission from wetlands. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the change of methane production potential in the wetland lakeside zone of the Caohai Plateau is the primary marsh meadow meadow meadow. The variation of methane oxidation potential is different from that of vertical spatial variation of methane oxidation potential in meadow meadow meadow and meadow meadow in grass sea plateau. On the whole, methane production potential decreases with the increase of soil depth. However, there is no significant difference in methane oxidation potential with depth. The maximum soil layer of methane production potential in wetland is 0-5 cm, which is significantly different from other soil layers (p 0.05 ~ (.3)) the seasonal variation of methane production potential in the wetland lakeside zone of the Caohai Plateau is as follows: autumn, spring, summer and winter. The seasonal variation of methane oxidation potential is as follows: summer, spring, winter and autumn. 4) the primary swamp of wetland lakeside zone in the Caohai Plateau. The methane production potential of marsh meadow soil is significantly positively correlated with methane oxidation potential. Meadow methane production potential is negatively correlated with methane oxidation potential, while farmland is not. 5) relationship between methane production and oxidation potential and environmental factors: soil temperature and farmland methane production potential. There was a significant positive correlation between Eh and methane production potential in native marsh, and negative correlation between methane oxidation potential in marsh meadow and soil moisture content and methane production potential in marsh meadow, and significant positive correlation between soil moisture content and methane production potential in marsh meadow. The relationship between methane production and oxidation potential and electron receptor in wetland lakeside zone of the Caohai Plateau: the effects of the same ion on methane production and oxidation activity in different stages of wetland were significantly different. Different anions have different effects on methane production and oxidation potential in different types of wetlands. In cations, iron and ammonium ions play a major role in promoting methane production in marsh meadows. It mainly inhibited the oxidation of methane in marsh and meadow; the nitrate ion had the strongest inhibitory effect on the oxidation potential of methane in the primary swamp; and the bivalent manganese ion could promote the oxidation of methane in the primary marsh soil. The main factor affecting methane production and oxidation potential in the wetland lakeside zone of the Caohai Plateau is the soil moisture content (DOC) NH _ 4-N, but the amount of information explained by the main factors analyzed is not high, which indicates that the main influencing factors are not only environmental factors, but also microbes, in addition to electron receptors. Plant root exudates, etc.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X16;X171

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