本文選題：人為源　切入點(diǎn)：大氣汞　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：根據(jù)大氣汞對(duì)于自然生態(tài)以及生活于其中的各類物種無距離、限制性的危害嚴(yán)重性,可以將它定義為一種有較強(qiáng)影響力的污染物。經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展使得由人類活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的大氣汞成為了當(dāng)前對(duì)國家大氣的清潔狀況危害程度較高的污染物之一。由于國際性的人類活動(dòng)釋放大氣汞的數(shù)據(jù)記錄尚未在大范圍內(nèi)得到實(shí)現(xiàn),因此關(guān)于大氣汞這一污染物的匯集源流和軌跡的研究對(duì)如今國際科學(xué)界依然是個(gè)難題。出于上述情況,為了更有效率的對(duì)嚴(yán)峻的大氣汞污染局面作出及時(shí)的應(yīng)對(duì)策略,我國更應(yīng)當(dāng)迅速落實(shí)對(duì)于人類活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的大氣汞的具體釋放情況作出相應(yīng)探究。本文旨在對(duì)于我國各行業(yè)領(lǐng)域以及各年度的數(shù)據(jù)記錄作出分析整合,深度分析中國的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況,借鑒國際科技最前沿的試驗(yàn)結(jié)論,構(gòu)建中國人類活動(dòng)釋放大氣汞具體源頭的體系和中國人為源大氣汞排放的清單,使其滿足分類別統(tǒng)計(jì)污染物源頭的具體情況并構(gòu)建體系的要求。結(jié)果表明:2012年,我國人為活動(dòng)造成的大氣汞污染物排放量記錄中,排放量最大的是河南、內(nèi)蒙古、山東、貴州、云南,五省排放量占排放總量的36.14%,而排放量較小的海南、北京、青海三省的排放量都不超過3噸。按排放源來看,燃煤類排放源排放351.68噸、石油燃燒排放19.34噸、有色金屬冶煉排放94.01噸、水泥生產(chǎn)排放37.24噸、鋼鐵行業(yè)的排放量為35.42噸,垃圾焚燒的排放量為7.31噸,排放總量545噸。根據(jù)文中表明的地區(qū)差異表明:我國由人類活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的大氣汞排放中中南地區(qū)的排放量高達(dá)154.42t,占總排放量的28%,是其余地區(qū)的1.1倍~5.2倍。除此之外,西北和東北地區(qū)分別排放29.83t和38.15t,西南和華北地區(qū)分別排放80.92t和98.15t,而華東地區(qū)排放143.56t,僅低于中南地域。
[Abstract]:Based on the fact that mercury in the atmosphere is not far away from the natural ecology and the species in which it lives, It can be defined as a highly influential pollutant. With the development of economy, atmospheric mercury produced by human activities has become one of the most harmful pollutants to the national atmospheric cleanliness. Data records on the release of atmospheric mercury from sexual human activities have not yet been achieved on a large scale, Therefore, the study of the source and trajectory of atmospheric mercury as a pollutant is still a difficult problem for the international scientific community today. In view of the above, and in order to provide a more efficient and timely response to the severe atmospheric mercury pollution situation, The purpose of this paper is to analyze and integrate the data records of various industries and years in China, and to analyze the actual situation in China. Drawing on the most advanced experimental conclusions of international science and technology, to build a system of specific sources of atmospheric mercury release from human activities in China and an inventory of atmospheric mercury emissions from Chinese sources, The results show that in 2012, the largest emissions of atmospheric mercury pollutants caused by human activities in China were Henan, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Guizhou, Henan, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Guizhou, Henan, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Guizhou, China. Yunnan's five provinces account for 36.14 percent of the total emissions, while Hainan, Beijing and Qinghai, the three provinces with smaller emissions, all have emissions of less than 3 tons. According to the emission sources, coal-fired emissions are 351.68 tons and oil combustion 19.34 tons. Non-ferrous metal smelting discharged 94.01 tons, cement production 37.24 tons, iron and steel industry 35.42 tons, garbage incineration 7.31 tons. The total emission amount is 545 tons. According to the regional differences shown in this paper, the emissions of atmospheric mercury emissions from human activities in China are as high as 154.42 t in the central and southern regions, accounting for 28% of the total emissions, and 1.1 times as much as in the rest of the region. In addition, the amount of mercury emissions in the central and southern regions is 5.2 times higher than that in the other regions. In the northwest and northeast regions, the emissions were 29.83 t and 38.15 t, respectively, and the emissions in the southwest and north China were 80.92 t and 98.15 t, respectively, while the emissions in the east and east China were 143.56 t, which were only lower than those in the central and southern regions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X511

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本文編號(hào)：1631715