本文選題：分散養(yǎng)豬沖洗水　切入點：人工濕地　出處：《長安大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：針對南方丘陵地區(qū)農(nóng)村分散養(yǎng)豬沖洗水的富含氮磷的水質(zhì)特點和無序排放特征,在經(jīng)濟可行和操作方便的原則下,以生物沸石的吸附-再生動態(tài)平衡和纖維素類有機碳源為基礎,以ABR-功能分區(qū)型人工濕地強化總氮去除區(qū)出水(氨氮約150mg/L)為處理對象,研究功能分區(qū)型人工濕地的強化硝化區(qū)和強化反硝化區(qū)處理分散養(yǎng)豬沖洗水的性能和脫氮除磷機制,考察了低溫條件下ABR-功能分區(qū)型人工濕地(包含強化總氮去除區(qū)、強化硝化區(qū)和強化反硝化區(qū))集成工藝處理分散養(yǎng)豬沖洗水的性能,同時采用16 s核糖體DNA全序列分析對濕地不同單元的微生物多樣性進行解析。主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)功能分區(qū)型人工濕地的強化硝化區(qū)啟動時間約為2個月,啟動后沸石層復氧效果良好,硝氮的生成速率穩(wěn)定,可以實現(xiàn)沸石對氨氮的快速吸附-生物再生動態(tài)平衡,最大硝化速率可達0.0259kg/(m3·d)。(2)功能分區(qū)型人工濕地強化硝化區(qū)的主要脫氮途徑為硝化/反硝化作用,其次為沸石吸附,分別占濕地除氮的58.43%和33.29%,微生物同化及植物吸收的作用較小。人工濕地的主要除磷方式為基質(zhì)吸附,其中磚渣吸附除磷占84.33%,沸石吸附除磷占12.86%,植物吸收與微生物同化作用僅占2.81%。(3)功能分區(qū)型人工濕地的強化反硝化區(qū)(以稻稈為固體碳源)能實現(xiàn)硝氮的穩(wěn)定去除,去除率可高達95%,最高反硝化速率為0.0579 kg/(m3·d),且出水無亞硝氮累積。初次填充的稻稈能穩(wěn)定持續(xù)的為反硝化提供3個月的碳源,隨后需每個月補充一次,每次的補加量為2kg左右。(4)低溫條件下ABR-功能分區(qū)型人工濕地集成工藝處理養(yǎng)豬沖洗水時,COD、氨氮、SS、TN、TP及糞大腸肝菌分別由2390mg/L、137mg/L、991mg/L、224mg/L、49mg/L和509×104個/L降至108mg/L、45mg/L、102mg/L、58mg/L、6mg/L和1×104個/L以下,均低于《畜禽養(yǎng)殖業(yè)污染物排放標準》(GB18596-2001)的排放限值,去除率分別為95.45%、67.22%、89.71%、74.12%、87.76%和99.80%。(5)強化硝化區(qū)沸石表面的優(yōu)勢菌為Proteobacteria(變形菌門)、Nitrospirae(硝化螺菌門),磚渣表面的優(yōu)勢菌主要有Firmicutes(厚壁菌門)、Proteobacteria(變形菌門)。強化反硝化區(qū)稻稈表面的主要菌為Chloroflexi(綠彎菌門)、Bacteroidetes(擬桿菌門)、Proteobacteria和Fibrobacteres(纖維桿菌門),磚渣表面的主要菌為Firmicutes、Proteobacteria和Bacteroidetes。
[Abstract]:According to the characteristics of the water rich in nitrogen and phosphorus in rural hilly area scattered pig washing water and disordered emission characteristics, in the economical and convenient operation under the principle of using biological zeolite adsorption regeneration and dynamic balance of cellulose based organic carbon source, with ABR- function partition type artificial wetland to strengthen the total nitrogen removal area (ammonia water about 150mg/L) as treatment object, functional division of wetland nitrification zone and enhanced denitrification zone processing performance of the washing water and disperse pig removal mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus, was investigated under the condition of low temperature ABR- function partition type artificial wetland (including enhanced nitrogen removal, nitrification and denitrification in strengthening integrated area) process of washing water dispersion of pig, using 16 S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis of different wetland unit microbial diversity analysis. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Function partition type artificial wetland to strengthen the starting time of nitrification zone is about 2 months after the start of reoxygenation, the zeolite layer effect is good, the formation rate of stable nitrogen, can achieve rapid zeolite on the ammonia adsorption biological regeneration dynamic balance, the maximum nitrification rate can reach 0.0259kg/ (M3 - D). (2) the function partition type the main area of artificial wetland nitrification denitrification pathways for nitrification and denitrification, followed by zeolite adsorption, respectively accounted for 58.43% and 33.29% wetland nitrogen removal, microbial assimilation and smaller plants. The main ways of artificial wetland for phosphorus adsorption, the adsorption of phosphorus slag brick accounted for 84.33%, accounting for the adsorption of phosphorus removal 12.86%, plant uptake and microbial assimilation accounted for only 2.81%. (3) enhanced denitrification function zone type artificial wetland (using rice straw as solid carbon source) can realize denitrification for nitrogen removal, the removal rate can be as high as 95%, the highest denitrification The rate is 0.0579 kg/ (M3 - D), and the effluent without nitrite accumulation. Rice straw can be sustained and stable initial fill for denitrification provides 3 months of carbon source, then to be added once a month, adding amount each time was about 2kg. (4) ABR- function partition type artificial wetland the integration process of pig washing water, ammonia, COD, SS, TN under low temperature, TP and fecal coliform bacteria respectively by 2390mg/L, 137mg/L, 991mg/L, 224mg/L, 49mg/L and 509 * 104 /L to 108mg/L, 45mg/L, 102mg/L, 58mg/L, 6mg/L and 1 * 104 /L, were lower than the emission "the standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding > (GB18596-2001) emission limits, the removal rates were 95.45%, 67.22%, 89.71%, 74.12%, 87.76% and 99.80%. (5) to strengthen the dominant bacteria nitrification zone of zeolite surface Proteobacteria (Proteobacteria), Nitrospirae (nitrification magneticum gate), dominant surface brick slag are Firmicutes (Firmicutes), Proteobac Teria (Proteobacteria). The main bacteria on the surface of rice straw in the intensified denitrification area are Chloroflexi (Bacteroidetes), Proteobacteria and Fibrobacteres (fibrobacilli), and the main bacteria on the surface of bricks are Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes..

【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X713

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