本文選題：制酒廢棄物　切入點(diǎn)：土壤污染　出處：《四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：化學(xué)修復(fù)技術(shù)是去除土壤重金屬污染、降低土壤重金屬含量的最佳途徑之一。本研究選用了葡萄酒制酒廢棄物和石榴酒制酒廢棄物提取液(提取劑均為氯化鉀溶液、硫酸銨溶液和醋酸銨溶液)為淋洗劑,以時間、pH、制酒廢棄物濃度和液土比為試驗(yàn)條件,單次和多次振蕩淋洗試驗(yàn)為研究方式,進(jìn)行土壤鎘污染的去除效果研究,篩選出最優(yōu)條件并驗(yàn)證。以期為制酒廢棄物用于鎘污染土壤的場地修復(fù)工作提供理論基礎(chǔ)與應(yīng)用依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下：(1)同一試驗(yàn)條件下,葡萄酒廢棄物的氯化鉀提取液(WWSK)對鎘污染土壤的去除效果最好,其次是葡萄酒廢棄物的硫酸銨(WWSS)提取液,最差的葡萄酒廢棄物的醋酸銨提取液(WWSC),但前兩者的差異較小,因此,氯化鉀與硫酸銨適合用作葡萄酒廢棄物淋洗鎘污染土壤的提取劑。WWSK的淋洗鎘污染土壤的優(yōu)化淋洗條件為,淋洗時間240分鐘、pH為4、葡萄酒廢棄物濃度15 gL-1、液土比15:1、振蕩次數(shù)為三次：WWSS的優(yōu)化淋洗條件為淋洗時間120分鐘、pH為2、葡萄酒廢棄物濃度60 gL-1、液土比10：1、振蕩次數(shù)為四次;WWSC的優(yōu)化淋洗條件為淋洗時間360分鐘、pH為2、葡萄酒廢棄物濃度15gL-1、液土比15：1、振蕩次數(shù)為三次。(2)同一試驗(yàn)條件下,三種石榴酒廢棄物提取液淋洗污染士壤鎘的去除效果變化趨勢是,石榴酒廢棄物的氯化鉀提取液(PWSSK)石榴酒廢棄物的硫酸銨提取液(PWSSS)醋酸銨提取液(PWSSC),但前兩者的差異較小,因此,氯化鉀與硫酸銨適合用作石榴酒廢棄物淋洗鎘污染土壤的提取劑。PWSSK的淋洗鎘污染土壤的優(yōu)化淋洗條件為,淋洗時間120分鐘、pH為3、石榴酒廢棄物濃度60 gL-1、液土比5：1、振蕩次數(shù)為四次；PWSSS的優(yōu)化淋洗條件為淋洗時間60分鐘、pH為2、石榴酒廢棄物濃度60 gL-1、液土比10：1、振蕩次數(shù)為四次;PWSSC的優(yōu)化淋洗條件為時間120分鐘、pH為2、石榴酒廢棄物濃度15 gL-1、液土比20：1、振蕩次數(shù)為四次。(3)優(yōu)化條件下,六種組合淋洗劑的Cd去除率均較相對應(yīng)常規(guī)條件下的明顯提升,增幅為8.12%-558.1%,其中WWSK與PWWSK的增幅最大。與常規(guī)條件下的單次淋洗震蕩相比,WWSK與PWWSK的Cd去除率分別增加49.31%、145.89%；與常規(guī)條件下的最優(yōu)淋洗震蕩次數(shù)相比,WWSK與PWWSK的Cd去除率分別增加15.56%、8.12%。因此,氯化鉀對制酒廢棄物能很好地提取其中的可溶性有機(jī)物,氯化鉀與制酒廢棄物中的可溶性有機(jī)物形成的組合液體淋洗劑適宜于土壤鎘的淋洗修復(fù)。(4)優(yōu)化條件下,各制酒廢棄物提取液振蕩淋洗鎘污染土壤后,降低了全鎘、尤其是非殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)鎘特別是交換態(tài)鎘的含量,降低了交換態(tài)鎘占全鎘的比重,相對提高了殘?jiān)鼞B(tài)鎘占全鎘的比重,對土壤中殘留的鎘起到了固化的作用,從而達(dá)到淋洗修復(fù)鎘污染土壤的目的。
[Abstract]:Chemical remediation technology is one of the best ways to remove soil heavy metal pollution and reduce soil heavy metal content. Ammonium sulfate solution and ammonium acetate solution) were used as eluent, with pH of pH, concentration of wine waste and ratio of liquid to soil as experimental conditions, and single and multiple oscillatory leaching experiments were carried out to study the removal effect of soil cadmium pollution. The optimal conditions were screened out and verified. The purpose of this study was to provide the theoretical basis and application basis for the remediation of cadmium contaminated soil by wine making waste. The main results are as follows: 1) under the same experimental conditions, The potassium chloride extract from wine waste (WWSK) has the best effect on the removal of cadmium contaminated soil, followed by the ammonium sulfate (WWSS) extract from wine waste, and the ammonium acetate extract from the worst wine waste (WWSCN). However, the difference between the former two is small. Potassium chloride and ammonium sulfate are suitable for extracting cadmium contaminated soil from wine waste. WWSK can be used to elucidate cadmium contaminated soil. The optimal elution conditions were as follows: elution time 120 minutes, pH 2, wine waste concentration 60 g L -1, liquid soil ratio 10: 1, soil-liquid ratio 15: 1, shaking times 3: WWSS, pH 2, wine waste concentration 60 g L -1, liquid to soil ratio 10: 1, oscillation times 4. The optimal elution conditions of WWSC were as follows: leaching time 360 min pH 2, wine waste concentration 15g L -1, ratio of liquid to soil 15: 1, oscillation times 3 times. The change trend of cadmium removal efficiency of three kinds of waste extracts of pomegranate wine is: the potassium chloride extract of pomegranate wine waste (PWSSK) the ammonium sulfate extract of pomegranate wine waste (PWSSS) ammonium acetate extract (PWSSCN), but the difference between the former two is relatively small, therefore, Potassium chloride and ammonium sulfate are suitable for extracting cadmium contaminated soil from pomegranate wine waste. PWSSK can be used to elucidate cadmium contaminated soil. The optimal elution conditions were as follows: elution time 60 minutes, pH 3, waste concentration of pomegranate wine 60 g L -1, ratio of liquid to soil 5: 1, times of oscillation 4 times PWSSS, pH 2 60 minutes, waste concentration of pomegranate wine 60 g L -1, ratio of liquid to soil 10: 1, oscillation times 4%. The optimum elution conditions of PWSSC were as follows: time 120 min, pH 2, waste concentration of pomegranate wine 15 g L -1, ratio of liquid to soil 20: 1, oscillation times 4 times. The CD removal rate of the six combinations of eluents was significantly higher than that of the corresponding conventional conditions. The increase was 8.12-558.1, of which WWSK and PWWSK had the largest increase. Compared with the conventional single leaching shock, the CD removal rates of WWSK and PWWSK increased by 49.31% and 145.89%, respectively, and the CD removal rates of WWSK and PWWSK increased by 15.5656 and 8.12, respectively, compared with the optimal times of leaching oscillations under conventional conditions. Potassium chloride can extract soluble organic matter from wine waste very well. The combination of potassium chloride and soluble organic matter in wine making waste is suitable for soil cadmium elution and remediation. After the soil was contaminated with cadmium by oscillating leaching of each liquor waste extract, the content of total cadmium, especially non-residual cadmium, especially exchangeable cadmium, was reduced, the proportion of exchangeable cadmium to total cadmium was decreased, and the proportion of residual cadmium to total cadmium was increased. The residual cadmium in the soil played a solidifying role to achieve the purpose of leaching and remediation of cadmium contaminated soil.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X53

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本文編號：1601120