本文選題：非政府組織　切入點(diǎn)：環(huán)境規(guī)制　出處：《中國人口·資源與環(huán)境》2016年10期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：非政府組織是公民社會建設(shè)的基本推動力量,由于組織目標(biāo)公益性,非政府組織相對政府先天具有道義優(yōu)勢,但現(xiàn)有研究少有對其公益目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)的定量研究。生態(tài)與環(huán)境保護(hù)是非政府組織的傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢領(lǐng)域,該文在國內(nèi)首次對非政府組織的區(qū)域環(huán)境規(guī)制水平影響開展了定量研究。利用系統(tǒng)廣義矩模型和空間計(jì)量模型,基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)搜集、整理形成的分地區(qū)非政府組織數(shù)據(jù)庫,對2002-2013年我國省際層面非政府組織組織數(shù)量對區(qū)域環(huán)境規(guī)制水平的影響進(jìn)行了實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)。研究證實(shí):在省際之間,區(qū)域環(huán)境規(guī)制強(qiáng)度存在顯著的空間正相關(guān)性,表現(xiàn)為相鄰省份同高或同低;在省份內(nèi)部,環(huán)境規(guī)制強(qiáng)度存在顯著的時(shí)間慣性。還定量證實(shí)非政府組織可以有效改善區(qū)域的環(huán)境規(guī)制水平,非政府組織組織數(shù)量1%的增長在1%統(tǒng)計(jì)顯著水平可以提升0.5%的環(huán)境規(guī)制強(qiáng)度。控制變量方面,以財(cái)政分權(quán)度衡量的地方政府經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展意愿會顯著降低區(qū)域環(huán)境規(guī)制水平;以進(jìn)出口總額占地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值比重衡量的區(qū)域開放度則會顯著提升區(qū)域環(huán)境規(guī)制水平,“污染天堂”假說在中國缺乏事實(shí)依據(jù),參與國際貿(mào)易會顯著降低中國的環(huán)境污染;單位產(chǎn)出能耗會顯著降低區(qū)域環(huán)境規(guī)制水平,且彈性系數(shù)大于2。該研究結(jié)論是穩(wěn)健的,不同定義關(guān)鍵變量的回歸結(jié)果方向一致。該研究從經(jīng)驗(yàn)上證實(shí)非政府組織的發(fā)育確實(shí)推動了區(qū)域環(huán)境規(guī)制的進(jìn)步。
[Abstract]:Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are the basic driving force in the construction of civil society. Because of the commonweal nature of organizational goals, NGOs have inherent moral advantages over the government. However, there are few quantitative studies on the realization of public welfare goals. Ecological and environmental protection are the traditional advantages of non-governmental organizations. This paper, for the first time in China, has carried out a quantitative study on the influence of regional environmental regulation level of non-governmental organizations. Using the system generalized moment model and spatial metrological model, and based on the network data collection, the database of regional non-governmental organizations has been organized and formed. This paper empirically tests the influence of the number of non-governmental organizations at provincial level on the level of regional environmental regulation from 2002 to 2013. The results show that there is a significant spatial positive correlation between the intensity of regional environmental regulation and the level of regional environmental regulation. In the provinces, the intensity of environmental regulation has significant time inertia. It is also quantitatively proved that NGOs can effectively improve the level of environmental regulation in the region. The increase of the number of NGOs (1%) can increase the intensity of environmental regulation by 0.5% at the statistical significant level of 1%. In terms of control variables, the economic development willingness of local governments, measured by the degree of fiscal decentralization, will significantly reduce the level of regional environmental regulation; The regional openness, measured by the proportion of total import and export to regional GDP, will significantly improve the level of regional environmental regulation. The "pollution Paradise" hypothesis lacks factual basis in China, and participation in international trade will significantly reduce environmental pollution in China. The energy consumption per unit output can significantly reduce the level of regional environmental regulation, and the elastic coefficient is greater than 2. The conclusion of this study is robust, The regression results of different definitions of key variables are in the same direction. This study proves that the development of NGOs promotes the progress of regional environmental regulation.
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本文編號：1567079