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  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 好氧顆粒污泥 啟動時間 外壓力法 高氨氮化肥工業(yè)廢水　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：好氧顆粒污泥技術(shù)因其具有沉降性能突出、微生物濃度高、耐毒抗沖擊性能好、微生物種類多樣以及同步硝化反硝化等優(yōu)點(diǎn),是目前污水生物處理領(lǐng)域尤其是處理高濃度有毒工業(yè)廢水方面的研究熱點(diǎn),而如何縮短好氧顆粒污泥系統(tǒng)的啟動時間是該技術(shù)在實(shí)際工業(yè)應(yīng)用中需要重點(diǎn)突破的難題之一。基于此,本課題研究了外壓力法簡單快速啟動好氧顆粒污泥系統(tǒng)的可行性、污泥顆粒化機(jī)理與物理模型以及對高氨氮實(shí)際化肥工業(yè)廢水的處理效果。試驗(yàn)采用真空抽濾造粒的方式對活性污泥施加外壓力將其制成人造顆粒污泥,在不添加其他輔助物質(zhì)的條件下投入SBR反應(yīng)器中培養(yǎng)。通過對不同操作參數(shù)下的人造顆粒污泥顆�；^程及性能變化進(jìn)行對比,結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)人造顆粒污泥含水率和顆粒粒徑分別在69.6%~86.4%和0.5 mm~2 mm的范圍內(nèi)時,含水率越低、粒徑越大其顆�；Ч胶�;但當(dāng)含水率66.1%,粒徑2.8 mm時,顆粒生物活性會顯著降低,對污染物去除效果也變差。試驗(yàn)得出含水率為69.6%、粒徑為2 mm的人造顆粒污泥的顆�；Ч詈�,與接種普通活性污泥相比,這種操作參數(shù)下的人造顆粒污泥能大大縮短好氧顆粒污泥系統(tǒng)的啟動時間,所形成的好氧顆粒污泥具有粒徑大且分布集中、結(jié)構(gòu)緊密、沉降性能好、脫氮效率高等優(yōu)勢,其完成顆�；臅r間、平均粒徑、比重、SVI值和TN去除率分別為20 d、1.68 mm、1.048 g/cm3、29.5 m L/g和84.3%,而接種普通活性污泥依次為40 d、0.46 mm、1.024 g/cm3、54.3 m L/g和65.1%。分析外壓力法能加速污泥顆�；年P(guān)鍵機(jī)理為活性污泥在外壓力作用下污泥快速脫水,可以促使微生物胞外聚合物(EPS)發(fā)生緊密橋聯(lián)進(jìn)而團(tuán)聚成較大的顆粒,從而大大縮短了污泥疏水自凝聚和長大的時間。提出的顆�；锢砟Ｐ湍軌蚍浅Ｐ蜗蟮孛枋鐾鈮毫ψ饔孟潞醚躅w粒污泥的形成過程。處理高氨氮實(shí)際化肥工業(yè)廢水的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:經(jīng)過45 d的馴化,顆粒污泥逐漸適應(yīng)了實(shí)際廢水,對COD、NH4+-N及TN的去除率分別達(dá)到93.5%、89.2%和66.5%,且對亞硝酸鹽積累率始終保持在71%~84%之間,同時顆粒的物理性質(zhì)基本維持穩(wěn)定,說明這種好氧顆粒污泥具有較高的耐毒抗負(fù)荷沖擊能力以及除污性能。綜合以上,本論文利用外壓力法可以達(dá)到簡單快速啟動好氧顆粒污泥系統(tǒng)的目的,并能獲得較高的化肥工業(yè)廢水處理效果,為好氧顆粒污泥在實(shí)際工業(yè)廢水處理的應(yīng)用提供了一定科學(xué)依據(jù)和技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:Aerobic granular sludge technology has the advantages of outstanding sedimentation, high microbial concentration, good toxicity and impact resistance, variety of microorganisms and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. It is a hot spot in the field of wastewater biological treatment, especially in the treatment of high concentration toxic industrial wastewater. However, how to shorten the start-up time of aerobic granular sludge system is one of the key problems that need to be broken through in practical industrial application. Based on this, the feasibility of simple and rapid start-up of aerobic granular sludge system by external pressure method is studied. The mechanism and physical model of sludge granulation and the treatment effect of practical chemical fertilizer industrial wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen were studied. The artificial granular sludge was made by applying external pressure to the activated sludge by vacuum filtration granulation. The artificial granular sludge was cultured in SBR reactor without adding other auxiliary substances. The granulation process and performance change of artificial granular sludge under different operating parameters were compared. The results showed that when the water content and particle size of artificial granular sludge were in the range of 69.6% and 0.5 mm~2 mm, respectively, the lower the water content, the better the granulation effect was, but when the water content was 66.1 mm and the particle diameter was 2.8 mm, the biological activity of the particles decreased significantly. The results showed that the granulation effect of artificial granular sludge with water content of 69.6 and diameter of 2 mm was the best, compared with that of inoculation of common activated sludge. The artificial granular sludge under this operating parameters can greatly shorten the start-up time of aerobic granular sludge system. The resulting aerobic granular sludge has the advantages of large particle size, concentrated distribution, compact structure, good settling performance and high denitrification efficiency. The time to finish granulation, the average particle size, The specific gravity SVI value and TN removal rate were 1.68 mm / 1.048 g / cm 3 29.5 mL / g and 84.3 mm / g, respectively, while the average activated sludge inoculation was 40 days 0.46 mm / kg 1.024 g / cm 3 (54.3 mL / g) and 65.1 ml / g respectively. The key mechanism of external pressure method to accelerate granulation of sludge was the external pressure action of activated sludge. Rapid dewatering of sludge, It can cause microbial extracellular polymer (EPSs) to be bridged and agglomerated into larger particles. Therefore, the hydrophobic self-agglomeration and growth time of sludge is greatly shortened. The proposed granular physical model can describe the formation process of aerobic granular sludge under external pressure very vividly, and treat the waste of chemical fertilizer industry with high ammonia nitrogen. The experimental results of water showed that after 45 days of acclimation, The granular sludge gradually adapted to the actual wastewater, and the removal rates of CODN NH4-N and TN reached 93.5% and 66.5%, respectively, and the accumulation rate of nitrite was always between 71% and 84%, while the physical properties of the particles were basically maintained stable. The results show that the aerobic granular sludge has high toxicity, load resistance, shock resistance and decontamination. In this paper, the external pressure method can be used to start the aerobic granular sludge system quickly and simply. It can obtain higher treatment effect of chemical fertilizer industry wastewater and provide scientific basis and technical support for the application of aerobic granular sludge in practical industrial wastewater treatment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X786

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本文編號：1541997