本文關(guān)鍵詞： 甲醛 毒性 血管環(huán) 大鼠 張力　出處：《山西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：自工業(yè)革命以來,環(huán)境污染就不斷增加,而當(dāng)今時(shí)代的人們也越來越關(guān)注各類環(huán)境污染物對(duì)自身產(chǎn)生的危害。其中,作為室內(nèi)污染物典型代表之一的甲醛與人們的生活息息相關(guān),它不僅可以由外界空氣進(jìn)入人體,更是人體的內(nèi)源性物質(zhì)。近年來,大量流行病學(xué)研究表明甲醛會(huì)對(duì)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng),免疫系統(tǒng),生殖系統(tǒng),呼吸系統(tǒng),心血管系統(tǒng)等產(chǎn)生一定的毒性作用。已有報(bào)道表明甲醛可以引起血管內(nèi)皮及心肌組織損傷,使血管產(chǎn)生舒張,對(duì)動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化,心肌梗塞等心血管疾病的發(fā)生有一定的誘發(fā)作用。研究甲醛對(duì)心血管功能的毒性危害及其作用機(jī)理,對(duì)其與心血管疾病的研究發(fā)展有重要意義,但目前為止,甲醛對(duì)心血管系統(tǒng)的影響以及作用機(jī)理還未見詳細(xì)報(bào)道。為此展開本研究課題,研究甲醛對(duì)大鼠胸主動(dòng)脈血管環(huán)張力的影響以及具體機(jī)理。1.采取大鼠胸主動(dòng)脈血管環(huán)體外實(shí)驗(yàn),將不同濃度的甲醛溶液作用于血管環(huán),觀察甲醛對(duì)血管環(huán)張力的影響發(fā)現(xiàn)：低濃度下(300μ M),甲醛會(huì)使血管環(huán)產(chǎn)生一定的收縮作用,較高濃度下(500μ M),甲醛使去內(nèi)皮血管環(huán)和內(nèi)皮完整血管環(huán)均產(chǎn)生舒張作用,并且呈劑量依賴性關(guān)系,只有當(dāng)甲醛濃度大于3 mM時(shí),舒張作用不再增大。在低濃度和高濃度下,甲醛對(duì)去內(nèi)皮血管環(huán)以及內(nèi)皮完整血管環(huán)的收縮作用和舒張作用差異均顯著,所以甲醛對(duì)血管環(huán)張力的影響作用與內(nèi)皮有關(guān)。低濃度的甲醛對(duì)100 mM KCl預(yù)收縮的血管環(huán)舒張作用不明顯,對(duì)20 mM KCl預(yù)收縮的血管環(huán)有明顯的舒張作用；高濃度甲醛對(duì)100 mM KCl預(yù)收縮的血管環(huán)舒張作用明顯,而對(duì)20 mM KCl預(yù)收縮的血管環(huán)產(chǎn)生收縮作用。這些結(jié)果表明,甲醛能對(duì)血管環(huán)的張力產(chǎn)生影響,低濃度的甲醛對(duì)血管環(huán)有小的收縮作用,高濃度下使血管產(chǎn)生舒張作用且有劑量效應(yīng)關(guān)系,甲醛引起的血管舒張效應(yīng)可能與鉀離子通道電導(dǎo)有關(guān)。2.L-Ca2+通道阻斷劑硝苯地平,大電導(dǎo)鈣激活鉀離子通道(BKCa)阻斷劑IbTx,非特異性鉀離子通道阻斷劑TEA,一氧化氮合成酶抑制劑L-NAME,可溶性鳥苷酸環(huán)化酶抑制劑NS-2028對(duì)較高濃度甲醛引起的血管環(huán)舒張效應(yīng)有部分抑制作用。說明甲醛引起的血管環(huán)舒張作用機(jī)理可能與L-Ca2+通道,BKCa通道,NO-cGMP通路等有關(guān)。3.用去甲腎上腺素(NE),氯化鈣(CaCl2),氯化鉀(KCl)以累積加入的方法收縮血管,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)較高濃度甲醛能夠?qū)E,CaCl2,KCl引起的血管收縮效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生抑制作用,結(jié)果表明較高濃度甲醛對(duì)電壓依賴性鈣通道(VDc)和受體操縱鈣通道(ROC)有抑制作用。本研究表明較低濃度的甲醛能夠使主動(dòng)脈血管環(huán)收縮,較高濃度的甲醛能夠使血管環(huán)舒張,其對(duì)血管環(huán)的舒張作用機(jī)制可能與不同的離子通道有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Since the Industrial Revolution, environmental pollution has been increasing, and people in the present era are increasingly concerned about the harm caused by various kinds of environmental pollutants to themselves. Formaldehyde, one of the typical indoor pollutants, is closely related to people's life. It can not only enter the human body from the outside air, but also the endogenous substance of the human body. In recent years, a large number of epidemiological studies have shown that formaldehyde can affect the nervous system. The immune system, reproductive system, respiratory system, cardiovascular system and so on have some toxic effects. It has been reported that formaldehyde can cause vascular endothelial and myocardial tissue damage, vasodilation, atherosclerosis, The occurrence of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction has a certain inducement. It is important to study the toxic effects of formaldehyde on cardiovascular function and its mechanism, and to study and develop the relationship between formaldehyde and cardiovascular diseases, but so far, The effect of formaldehyde on the cardiovascular system and its mechanism have not been reported in detail. Therefore, this study was carried out to study the effect of formaldehyde on the tension of thoracic aortic rings in rats and its specific mechanism. 1. The in vitro experiment of rat thoracic aortic rings was carried out. The effect of formaldehyde on the tension of vascular rings was observed by using different concentrations of formaldehyde solution. It was found that at low concentration of 300 渭 m ~ (-1), formaldehyde would produce a certain contraction effect on the vascular rings. At a higher concentration of 500 渭 m ~ (-1), formaldehyde induced the relaxation of both the endothelium-free and intact vascular rings in a dose-dependent manner. Only when the concentration of formaldehyde was more than 3 mm, the diastolic effect did not increase. The contractile and diastolic effects of formaldehyde on the endothelium-free and intact vascular rings were significantly different. Therefore, the effect of formaldehyde on the tension of vascular rings is related to endothelium. Low concentration of formaldehyde has no obvious effect on the relaxation of 100mm KCl precontracted vascular rings, but has obvious relaxation effect on 20mm KCl precontracted vascular rings. High concentration of formaldehyde had obvious effect on relaxation of 100mm KCl precontracted vascular rings, but on 20mm KCl precontracted rings. These results showed that formaldehyde could affect the tension of vascular rings. The vasodilation effect of low concentration formaldehyde on the vascular ring was small, and the vasodilation effect was related to the potassium channel conductance, and the effect of formaldehyde induced vasodilation was probably related to the potassium channel conductance .2.L-Ca2 channel blocker, nifedipine, at high concentration, the vasodilation effect was found to be in a dose-dependent manner. Effects of IbTx, a large conductance calcium activated potassium channel blocker, tea, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, L-NAMEand NS-2028, on the vasodilation induced by higher concentrations of formaldehyde. The mechanism of vasodilation induced by formaldehyde may be related to the NO-cGMP pathway of L-Ca2 + channel, BKCa channel and so on. The vasoconstriction was induced by adding norepinephrine, CaCl _ 2, KCl _ (1). It was found that high concentration of formaldehyde could inhibit the vasoconstriction induced by KCl. The results showed that high concentration of formaldehyde inhibited VDcand receptor-operated calcium channel (ROC). This study showed that lower concentration of formaldehyde could cause contraction of aortic rings, and higher concentration of formaldehyde could induce vasodilation of aortic rings. The mechanism of vasodilation may be related to different ion channels.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X51

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號(hào)：1535995