本文關(guān)鍵詞： 白洋淀區(qū)域 生態(tài)紅線 環(huán)境管理 生態(tài)保護(hù)　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國城鎮(zhèn)化腳步日益增快,工業(yè)化水平穩(wěn)步提升,但整體生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量卻愈發(fā)的不容樂觀。盡管國家近年加大生態(tài)文明建設(shè)力度,但環(huán)境資源壓力仍在持續(xù)增大,環(huán)境承載力嚴(yán)重不足,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來的污染問題仍在加重,生態(tài)環(huán)境持續(xù)退化,大量自然生境難以維系,社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境發(fā)展嚴(yán)重不均衡。為強(qiáng)化生態(tài)保護(hù),國家近年來頒布了若干項(xiàng)政策,2011年《國務(wù)院關(guān)于加強(qiáng)環(huán)境保護(hù)重點(diǎn)工作的意見》中首次提出要在重要生態(tài)功能區(qū)、陸地和海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境敏感區(qū)、脆弱區(qū)等區(qū)域進(jìn)行生態(tài)紅線的劃定。如何通過技術(shù)手段完成生態(tài)紅線的劃定,并使其落實(shí)在日常生態(tài)環(huán)境管理工作中,是目前亟待研究解決的問題。白洋淀濕地作為華北平原最大的湖泊濕地,目前正在面臨富營養(yǎng)化和沼澤化的威脅。淀區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境日益惡化,攔蓄洪水的能力下降,豐水期不能有效地?cái)r蓄洪水,致使洪峰向下游推進(jìn),威脅下游人口生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。水資源調(diào)節(jié)攔蓄功能的減弱,枯水時(shí)期濕地生境得不到保障,區(qū)內(nèi)物種的生態(tài)多樣性受到嚴(yán)重影響。白洋淀區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境形式不容樂觀,加強(qiáng)區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境管理勢(shì)在必行。本次研究以白洋淀區(qū)域?yàn)槔?通過研究白洋淀區(qū)域的生態(tài)環(huán)境概況,得出區(qū)域在進(jìn)行生態(tài)紅線劃定和管理中可能出現(xiàn)的問題,并提出解決策略。首先,分析白洋淀區(qū)域當(dāng)前的生態(tài)環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀,得出白洋淀區(qū)域存在的主要生態(tài)環(huán)境問題,并利用ArcGIS地理信息系統(tǒng),依據(jù)層次分析法確定的環(huán)境影響因子權(quán)重對(duì)區(qū)域進(jìn)行生態(tài)敏感性分析,為白洋淀區(qū)域的生態(tài)紅線劃定及管理提供依據(jù)。其次,綜合分析深圳、蘇州、鄱陽湖、琵琶湖等國內(nèi)外先進(jìn)環(huán)境管理案例,為白洋淀區(qū)域生態(tài)紅線能落實(shí)在日常生態(tài)環(huán)境管理中尋找借鑒和啟示。最終,針對(duì)白洋淀區(qū)域未來的生態(tài)環(huán)境發(fā)展,提出相應(yīng)的生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the pace of urbanization in our country is increasing day by day, the industrialization level is rising steadily, but the overall ecological environment quality is increasingly not optimistic. Although the country has stepped up the construction of ecological civilization in recent years, the pressure of environmental resources is still increasing. The environmental carrying capacity is seriously insufficient, the pollution problem caused by economic development is still increasing, the ecological environment continues to degenerate, a large number of natural habitats are difficult to maintain, and the social, economic and environmental development is seriously unbalanced. In recent years, the State has promulgated a number of policies. In 2011, the State Council's opinion on the key work of strengthening Environmental Protection proposed for the first time that it should be located in important ecological functional areas, terrestrial and marine ecologically sensitive areas. How to complete the demarcation of ecological red line by technical means, and how to implement it in the daily ecological environment management, Baiyangdian wetland, as the largest lake wetland in North China Plain, is now facing the threat of eutrophication and marsh. Flood can not be effectively stopped in high water season, which causes Hong Feng to advance downstream and threaten the life and property safety of downstream population. The function of water resources regulation and storage is weakened, and the wetland habitat is not guaranteed during the dry period. The ecological diversity of species in Baiyangdian area is seriously affected. The ecological environment form of Baiyangdian area is not optimistic, so it is imperative to strengthen the management of regional ecological environment. By studying the general situation of ecological environment in Baiyangdian area, the problems that may appear in the delineation and management of ecological red line in Baiyangdian area are obtained, and the solving strategies are put forward. Firstly, the present situation of ecological environment in Baiyangdian area is analyzed. The main ecological environmental problems in Baiyangdian area are obtained, and the ecological sensitivity of Baiyangdian area is analyzed according to the weight of environmental impact factors determined by AHP using ArcGIS Geographic Information system (GIS). It provides the basis for the delineation and management of ecological red line in Baiyangdian area. Secondly, it comprehensively analyzes the advanced environmental management cases of Shenzhen, Suzhou, Poyang Lake, Biwa Lake and so on at home and abroad. The ecological red line of Baiyangdian area can be used for reference and enlightenment in the daily ecological environment management. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures of ecological environment protection are put forward for the future development of ecological environment in Baiyangdian area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X321

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