本文關(guān)鍵詞： 生態(tài)文明 環(huán)境效率 時(shí)空差異 SBM-Undesirable模型 空間自相關(guān)　出處：《天津理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：自工業(yè)革命以來,生產(chǎn)力得到進(jìn)一步的提升,世界經(jīng)濟(jì)也因此得到快速的發(fā)展,但在經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的同時(shí),周邊的環(huán)境質(zhì)量也在日漸惡化�，F(xiàn)階段,環(huán)境問題已成為阻礙世界各國可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要難題之一,如何有效地評(píng)價(jià)和改善區(qū)域的環(huán)境質(zhì)量的研究也逐漸引起眾多學(xué)者的高度關(guān)注。本文立足于國內(nèi)外生態(tài)文明以及環(huán)境效率的相關(guān)研究,從生態(tài)文明的視角出發(fā)構(gòu)建區(qū)域環(huán)境效率評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,以SBM-Undesirable模型作為主要的評(píng)價(jià)方法分析我國區(qū)域的環(huán)境效率的基本狀況,通過采用Malmquist生產(chǎn)率指數(shù)、非期望產(chǎn)出的SBM-Undesirable模型的指標(biāo)修正方法和空間數(shù)據(jù)分析法從時(shí)間和空間維度進(jìn)一步剖析影響區(qū)域環(huán)境效率的因素并且嘗試探索影響其差異形成的原因,并提出相應(yīng)對策建議。通過對我國區(qū)域環(huán)境效率的研究得出以下幾點(diǎn)結(jié)論:1.2003-2012期間我國各省市的環(huán)境效率水平總體在平穩(wěn)進(jìn)步,東部沿海部區(qū)域的環(huán)境效率水平一直處于全國前列,中部與中西部區(qū)域的環(huán)境效率水平進(jìn)步幅度顯著,北部和西部區(qū)域的環(huán)境效率水平進(jìn)步幅度較小,總體環(huán)境效率水平與東部沿海區(qū)域和中西部區(qū)域的差距逐步擴(kuò)大。2.整體上對環(huán)境全要素生產(chǎn)率的貢獻(xiàn)呈規(guī)模效率變化純技術(shù)效率變化技術(shù)進(jìn)步變化。純技術(shù)效率變化一直對各省市環(huán)境全要素生產(chǎn)率起到積極的作用。2009年后規(guī)模效率變化對環(huán)境全要素生產(chǎn)率的主導(dǎo)作用減弱,其可能是減少對環(huán)境的投入所致。相對規(guī)模效率變化和純技術(shù)效率變化而言技術(shù)進(jìn)步變化已成為環(huán)境全要素生產(chǎn)率提高的“跛腳點(diǎn)”,亟需對其引起重視。3.通過分析主要年份的環(huán)境效率無效的省市發(fā)現(xiàn),北部區(qū)域和西部區(qū)域中有不少省份存在資源投入浪費(fèi)的現(xiàn)象,并且這種現(xiàn)象還在逐年加劇。被評(píng)定為環(huán)境效率無效的省份的負(fù)產(chǎn)出超標(biāo)量總體呈現(xiàn)下降的態(tài)勢,西部區(qū)域生活環(huán)境的質(zhì)量也在逐漸降低。4.2003-2012期間我國北部和東南部地區(qū)環(huán)境效率的集聚空間格局變化并不明顯,仍然為“低-低”和“高-高”集聚型,反映我國北部和東南部地區(qū)的環(huán)境效率已呈現(xiàn)兩極化趨勢。中部和西南部地區(qū)環(huán)境效率的集聚型由“低-高”集聚型進(jìn)入“高-低”集聚型,說明中部和西南部地區(qū)環(huán)境效率得到明顯的提高。所屬于中部與西南部地區(qū)的河北、四川、重慶等省市與部分東南部地區(qū)的集聚特征日趨明顯,導(dǎo)致原有的三類型集聚空間格局分布正逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閮深愋涂臻g格局分布。5.通過分析5個(gè)區(qū)域內(nèi)各省市主要年份的局部空間集聚情況發(fā)現(xiàn),東部沿海區(qū)域的集聚程度在逐年上漲,中部區(qū)域和中西部區(qū)域的集聚程度卻在緩慢的下降,北部和西部區(qū)域的集聚程度變化并不明顯。利用Theil指數(shù)分析法得出結(jié)果顯示,東部沿海區(qū)域內(nèi)的空間差異比較顯著,中部區(qū)域和中西部區(qū)域也存在較大的差異,西部區(qū)域和北部區(qū)域的差異性并不明顯。
[Abstract]:Since the industrial revolution, the productivity has been further improved, and the world economy has also developed rapidly. However, with the rapid development of the economy, the quality of the surrounding environment is also deteriorating day by day. At this stage, Environmental problems have become one of the most important problems hindering the sustainable development of all countries in the world. How to effectively evaluate and improve the environmental quality of the region has gradually attracted the attention of many scholars. This paper is based on the research of ecological civilization and environmental efficiency at home and abroad. From the perspective of ecological civilization, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of regional environmental efficiency, takes the SBM-Undesirable model as the main evaluation method to analyze the basic situation of regional environmental efficiency in China, and adopts the Malmquist productivity index. The index correction method and spatial data analysis method of SBM-Undesirable model with non-expected output are used to further analyze the factors that affect the regional environmental efficiency from the time and spatial dimensions and try to explore the reasons that affect the formation of the differences. Based on the study of regional environmental efficiency in China, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. The environmental efficiency level of provinces and cities in China is progressing steadily in the period 2003-2012. The environmental efficiency level of the eastern coastal region has always been in the forefront of the whole country. The environmental efficiency level of the central and central regions has improved significantly, while that of the northern and western regions has been relatively small. The gap between the overall environmental efficiency level and the eastern coastal regions and the central and western regions has gradually widened .2. the overall contribution to the total environmental factor productivity has changed with the change of scale efficiency, the change of pure technical efficiency, the change of technological progress, and the change of pure technical efficiency. The change has been playing a positive role in environmental total factor productivity (TFP) of provinces and cities. After 2009, the dominant effect of scale efficiency change on TFP was weakened. It may be due to the reduction of input to the environment. Relative to the change of scale efficiency and pure technological efficiency, the change of technological progress has become the "lame spot" for the increase of total factor productivity of environment. Analysis of the main years of environmental efficiency of the provinces and cities found that, In the northern and western regions, there is a waste of resources in many provinces, and this phenomenon is increasing year by year. The quality of living environment in the western region is also decreasing gradually. 4. The agglomeration spatial pattern of environmental efficiency in the northern and southeast regions of China between 2003 and 2012 is not obvious, and it is still "low-low" and "high-high" agglomeration pattern. The results show that the environmental efficiency in the north and southeast of China has been polarized. The concentration pattern of environmental efficiency in the central and southwest regions has changed from "low-high" to "high-low". It shows that the environmental efficiency of the central and southwest regions has been improved obviously. The gathering characteristics of Hebei, Sichuan, Chongqing and some southeast areas belonging to the central and southwest regions are becoming more and more obvious. As a result, the original spatial pattern distribution of three types of agglomeration is gradually changing into two types of spatial pattern distribution. 5. By analyzing the local spatial agglomeration of the provinces and cities in the five regions, it is found that the agglomeration degree of the eastern coastal region is increasing year by year. However, the degree of agglomeration in the central region and the central and western regions is decreasing slowly, but the change of the concentration degree in the northern and western regions is not obvious. The results of Theil index analysis show that the spatial differences in the eastern coastal areas are significant. There is also a great difference between the central region and the central and western region, but the difference between the western region and the northern region is not obvious.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X21

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