本文關鍵詞： 微孔曝氣 生物膜法 生物接觸氧化 農(nóng)村污水 高錳酸鹽指數(shù) 掛膜填料 水力停留時間　出處：《中國水利水電科學研究院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：我國是發(fā)展中國家,面臨的環(huán)境問題十分突出,尤其是水環(huán)境問題。目前,我國的環(huán)保重心主要集中在城市,對農(nóng)村的環(huán)境保護重視程度不夠。而我國又是農(nóng)業(yè)大國,農(nóng)村中小型河道污染問題日益突出。資料顯示,我國農(nóng)村河道的主要污染源包括：化肥和農(nóng)藥、畜禽養(yǎng)殖糞便、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)排污以及生活污水等。本文介紹了生物膜法的研究進展,常見掛膜填料的研究和應用情況。分析比較了國內(nèi)外微孔曝氣研究進展和應用實例,指出了目前微孔曝氣技術的研究重點。綜合國內(nèi)外研究人員的研究成果,分別敘述了曝氣量、安裝水深、安裝面積、孔徑、水質(zhì)和氣孔堵塞狀況對微孔曝氣充氧性能的影響,對不同影響因素的作用效果做了總結,并指出目前研究中存在的問題。以期對污水處理廠曝氣系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化提供借鑒,對擬采用微孔曝氣法進行生態(tài)修復的研究提供參考。針對曝氣量、孔徑和安裝水深對微孔曝氣充氧性能的重要影響,本文通過實驗研究了不同曝氣量(0.5m3/h,Im3/h,1.5m3/h,2m3/h,2.5m3/h,3m3/h)、孔徑(50μm,100μm, 200 μm,500μm)和安裝水深(0.8m,1.1m,1.3m,1.5m,1.8m,2.0m)對氧總傳質(zhì)系數(shù)、氧利用率和理論動力效率的影響,并通過對參數(shù)的曲線分析,優(yōu)化出最佳的參數(shù)組合。研究結果表明,在安裝水深為2.0m時采用200μm孔徑的曝氣器和0.5m3/h的曝氣量具有最佳的充氧性能。在實際的生產(chǎn)應用中,通常采用間歇曝氣的方式。本文分別研究了連續(xù)曝氣、不同間歇曝氣方式(曝氣—停曝時間分別為1h-1h、2h-1h、2h-2h、2h-3h、3h-2h)對CODMn、 NH3-N、TN、TP的去除效果。綜合考慮有機物及氮磷的去除效果,以及間歇曝氣在節(jié)能方面的優(yōu)勢,結果表明,曝氣2h-停曝2h為最佳曝氣方式。生物膜法是目前廣泛采用的污水處理技術。掛膜填料作為生物膜法的核心,對污水的處理效果具有直接的影響。本文通過實驗比較了懸浮球+纖維球填料、組合填料和Aquamats填料作為微生物載體對農(nóng)村受污染水體中3-N、TN、TP的去除效果,比較了三種不同水力停留時間(水力停留時間分別為24h、12h、6h)對CODMn、 NH3-N、TN、TP的去除率的影響。研究結果表明,纖維球填料作為生物膜載體對污泥具有更好的吸附作用,對污染物的去除率要優(yōu)于組合填料和Aquamats填料。水力停留時間對CODMn和NH3-N的作用效果明顯,結果顯示,水力停留時間越大,污染物的去除率越高。
[Abstract]:Our country is a developing country, the environmental problem is very prominent, especially the water environmental problem. At present, the focus of environmental protection in our country is mainly concentrated in the city, not enough attention is paid to the environmental protection in the countryside, and our country is a big agricultural country. The pollution problem of small and medium-sized river channels in rural areas is becoming increasingly prominent. The data show that the main sources of pollution in rural watercourses in China include chemical fertilizers and pesticides, livestock and poultry manure, In this paper, the research progress of biofilm method, the research and application of common membrane packing are introduced, and the research progress and application examples of microporous aeration at home and abroad are analyzed and compared. This paper points out the research emphases of micropore aeration technology at present. Based on the research results of researchers at home and abroad, the effects of aeration amount, installation water depth, installation area, pore size, water quality and pore plugging condition on the aeration performance of micropore aeration are described respectively. This paper summarizes the effect of different influencing factors, and points out the problems existing in the present research, which is expected to provide a reference for the optimization of aeration system in sewage treatment plant. This paper provides a reference for the study of ecological restoration by microporous aeration. Aiming at the important effects of aeration volume, aperture and installed water depth on the aeration performance of microporous aeration, In this paper, we have experimentally studied the effects of different aeration rates (0.5m3 / h), 1.5m3 / hnh, 2.5m3 / hh (2.5m3 / hh), 50 渭 m / 100 渭 m, 200 渭 m / 500 渭 m) and the installed water depth (0.81m1.3mtl / 1.5m-1. 8m2.0m-1) on the total oxygen mass transfer coefficient, oxygen utilization ratio and theoretical dynamic efficiency, and through the curve analysis of the parameters, we have also studied the effect of different aeration rates on the total oxygen mass transfer coefficient, the oxygen utilization rate and the theoretical dynamic efficiency, and by the analysis of the curves of the parameters, we have studied the effect of different aeration rates on the total oxygen mass transfer coefficient, the oxygen utilization ratio and the theoretical dynamic efficiency. The optimum parameter combination is optimized. The results show that the aerator with 200 渭 m aperture and the aeration rate of 0.5m3 / h have the best oxygenation performance when the water depth is 2.0 m. The removal effect of continuous aeration and different intermittent aeration (aeration-stop aeration time is 1h-1h ~ (-1) h ~ (-1) h ~ (2 h) ~ (2 h) h ~ (2 h) h ~ (2 h) h ~ (2 h) ~ (2 h) ~ (3) h ~ (3) h ~ (3) h ~ (-1)) on COD _ (mn), NH _ (3-N) -TNN ~ (2 +) TP is studied in this paper, and the removal effect of organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus is considered synthetically. As well as the advantages of intermittent aeration in energy saving, the results show that the best aeration mode is 2 h to stop aeration for 2 h. Biofilm is widely used in wastewater treatment, and membrane packing is the core of biofilm process. In this paper, the removal efficiency of 3-NTNT TP in rural polluted water was compared by using suspension ball fiber ball packing, combined packing and Aquamats filler as microorganism carrier, which had a direct effect on wastewater treatment. The effects of three different hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the removal rate of COD mn and NH 3-N + TNN TP were compared. The results showed that the fiber ball packing as a biofilm carrier had a better adsorption effect on sludge. The effect of HRT on CODMn and NH3-N is obvious. The result shows that the larger the HRT, the higher the removal rate of pollutants.
【學位授予單位】：中國水利水電科學研究院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52;X703

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本文編號：1514115