本文關(guān)鍵詞： 污水資源化 公共性 政府作用　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水是人類生存、發(fā)展和關(guān)乎民生的重要資源,也是影響社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的主要因素;而伴隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展,人類的活動(dòng)對(duì)水資源的需求也逐漸增加。同時(shí)隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)的發(fā)展,環(huán)境卻受到不同程度的污染,水資源問(wèn)題日益突出。污水資源化利用已經(jīng)逐步成為提高水資源使用效率、實(shí)現(xiàn)水資源可持續(xù)利用、滿足水資源需要的重要措施。實(shí)現(xiàn)污水資源化,從技術(shù)層面上看是要充分利用城市水資源;從政策和管理層面上看是要建立一個(gè)防污節(jié)水型社會(huì),實(shí)現(xiàn)水資源的合理開發(fā)、配置和利用。國(guó)內(nèi)外專家、學(xué)者、政府官員和工程師對(duì)污水資源化利用政策這一課題從不同方面進(jìn)行了分析和研究。研究方向主要有幾方面:一是行業(yè)市場(chǎng)化推廣和運(yùn)用,利用政策指導(dǎo),發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)的調(diào)節(jié)和效率優(yōu)勢(shì)。二是價(jià)格收費(fèi)機(jī)制,涉及公共事業(yè)定價(jià)原則的方案比選,結(jié)合政府稅收、補(bǔ)貼,達(dá)至建設(shè)、運(yùn)營(yíng)、收益三者的持續(xù)良性循環(huán)。三是法律法規(guī)與行業(yè)規(guī)范標(biāo)準(zhǔn),體現(xiàn)政策引導(dǎo)性和強(qiáng)制性措施的探討和研究。四是行業(yè)政策評(píng)估研究。通過(guò)科學(xué)化的指標(biāo)評(píng)估方法,來(lái)說(shuō)明或者評(píng)價(jià)某地區(qū)或國(guó)家的污水資源化利用水平。五是國(guó)家政策背景下地方模式研究,從區(qū)域定位、地方發(fā)展實(shí)際和特點(diǎn),符合整體城市發(fā)展目標(biāo)下發(fā)展模式。本文主要從污水資源化利用行業(yè)的公用事業(yè)特點(diǎn)入手,采用文獻(xiàn)分析法、比較分析法和定性、定量分析相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)廣州市資源化利用發(fā)展情況進(jìn)行了研究分析,基本闡述了廣州污水資源化利用的必要性和可行性,重點(diǎn)從管理體制、法律法規(guī)、角色定位、產(chǎn)品定價(jià)、宣傳推廣等多個(gè)方面進(jìn)行論述,亦是當(dāng)下廣州在污水資源化利用發(fā)展面臨且亟待解決的問(wèn)題。通過(guò)討論研究,重新檢視政府在行業(yè)發(fā)展的角色定位,探索廣州污水資源化利用行業(yè)的發(fā)展路向,通過(guò)政府作用下的政策設(shè)立、執(zhí)行、檢討、監(jiān)管等程序評(píng)估其效用,分析政府作用下行業(yè)問(wèn)題深層次原因,健全法律法規(guī)基礎(chǔ)和行業(yè)規(guī)范標(biāo)準(zhǔn)保障,提出當(dāng)前政策優(yōu)化、改進(jìn)的建議,并對(duì)日后政策取向做一定的探索延伸。
[Abstract]:Water is an important resource for human survival, development and people's livelihood, as well as a major factor affecting the sustainable development of society. With the rapid development of social economy, the demand for water resources for human activities is also gradually increasing. At the same time, with the economy, With the development of society, the environment is polluted by different degrees, and the problem of water resources is becoming more and more serious. The utilization of sewage resources has gradually become to improve the efficiency of water resources use and realize the sustainable utilization of water resources. Important measures to meet the needs of water resources. The realization of sewage resources is to make full use of urban water resources from a technical point of view; from the policy and management level, it is necessary to establish a anti-pollution and water-saving society and to realize the rational development of water resources. Allocation and utilization. Experts, scholars, government officials and engineers at home and abroad have analyzed and studied the subject of sewage reuse policy from different aspects. The main research directions are as follows: first, market promotion and application of the industry, Using policy guidance to give full play to market regulation and efficiency advantages. Second, the pricing mechanism, which involves the comparison and selection of public utility pricing principles, combines government taxation, subsidies, construction, and operation. The third is the discussion and study of the laws, regulations and industry standards, which reflect the policy guidance and compulsory measures. The fourth is the research on the industry policy evaluation. To explain or evaluate the utilization level of sewage resources in a certain region or country. Fifth, the study of local models in the context of national policies, from the perspective of regional positioning, local development practices and characteristics, This paper mainly starts with the characteristics of public utilities in sewage reuse industry, and adopts the methods of literature analysis, comparative analysis, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. This paper studies and analyzes the development of the utilization of resources in Guangzhou, and expounds the necessity and feasibility of the utilization of sewage resources in Guangzhou, focusing on the management system, laws and regulations, role orientation, product pricing, etc. Publicity and promotion are also the problems that Guangzhou is facing in the development of sewage reuse and utilization. Through discussion and research, the role of the government in the development of the industry is re-examined. To explore the development direction of Guangzhou sewage resource utilization industry, to evaluate its utility through the process of policy establishment, implementation, review and supervision under the role of the government, and to analyze the deep-seated causes of the problems in the industry under the government role. Improve the basis of laws and regulations and industry standards and standards, put forward the current policy optimization, improvement, and the future policy orientation to a certain extent of exploration and extension.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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