本文關(guān)鍵詞： 土壤重金屬污染 土壤酶活性 植物修復(fù) 形態(tài)分布　出處：《河南師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：首先,本文選取香葉天竺葵和舞草作為修復(fù)植物,采用露天盆栽的方法,研究Cu、Zn單一及復(fù)合污染對土壤過氧化氫酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶的影響。研究結(jié)果表明,在Cu、Zn單一及復(fù)合污染條件下,對兩組植物的酶活性抑制程度依次為脲酶、蔗糖酶和過氧化氫酶,其中土壤脲酶的酶抑制率最大,敏感程度最強,因此可以使用土壤脲酶作為土壤Cu、Zn污染的監(jiān)測指標(biāo)。對比在Cu、Zn單一及復(fù)合污染下香葉天竺葵組和舞草組三種酶活性,香葉天竺葵對土壤過氧化氫酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶酶活性的改善作用大于舞草,說明香葉天竺葵對Cu、Zn污染有較強時耐受性和適應(yīng)性,可以一定程度的減輕Cu、Zn重金屬造成的土壤污染,具有修復(fù)土壤Cu、Zn污染的潛能。Cu、Zn復(fù)合污染條件下,處理濃度為Cu100 mg·kg~(-1)+Zn200 mg·kg~(-1)時,香葉天竺葵和舞草的三種酶均表現(xiàn)較弱程度的拮抗作用,其他組均表現(xiàn)協(xié)同作用。同時,Cu、Zn對土壤酶活性的抑制效果為CuZn。其次,本文選取香葉天竺葵作為修復(fù)植物,研究不同濃度的Cu、Zn處理時對香葉天竺葵的株高、主根長、生物量、葉綠素和植物各部分重金屬含量的影響。研究結(jié)果表明,不同濃度的Cu處理下對香葉天竺葵的株高、主根長、生物量和葉綠素含量都有一定的抑制作用;低濃度的Zn(濃度小于200 mg·kg~(-1))對香葉天竺葵的株高、主根長和生物量有一定的促進作用,同時可以促進葉綠素的合成,高濃度的Zn(濃度大于500mg·kg~(-1))對香葉天竺葵的株高、主根長、生物量和葉綠素含量都有一定的抑制作用,此外Cu、Zn對香葉天竺葵莖的影響大于對根的影響,對比兩種重金屬,Zn對香葉天竺葵的毒害作用小于Cu對香葉天竺葵的毒害作用。香葉天竺葵對Zn的轉(zhuǎn)運系數(shù)和富集系數(shù)略高于Cu,但是對Cu、Zn兩種重金屬的轉(zhuǎn)運系數(shù)和富集系數(shù)均不高,因此香葉天竺葵不能作為Cu、Zn超富集植物。然后,采用盆栽試驗研究土壤中外源重金屬Cu、Zn隨時間變化的形態(tài)分布。研究結(jié)果表明不同濃度的Cu、Zn進入土壤后主要以殘渣態(tài)存在于土壤中,其中不同濃度的Cu進入土壤后其形態(tài)分布均為殘渣態(tài)有機結(jié)合態(tài)鐵錳氧化態(tài)碳酸鹽態(tài)交換態(tài),不同濃度的Zn進入土壤后其形態(tài)分布均為殘渣態(tài)鐵錳氧化態(tài)有機結(jié)合態(tài)碳酸鹽態(tài)交換態(tài)。隨著時間的增加,不同濃度的Cu在土壤中存在形態(tài)在20d后達到動態(tài)平衡,zn200mg·kg~(-1)和zn1000mg·kg~(-1)處理時土壤中zn各形態(tài)在20d后達到動態(tài)平衡,但是zn2000mg·kg~(-1)處理時較長時間未達到動態(tài)平衡。說明高濃度的zn在土壤中存在形態(tài)需要較長時間才能達到動態(tài)平衡。
[Abstract]:First of all, the effects of single and complex pollution of Cu Zn on catalase, urease and sucrase in soil were studied by using geranium and chrysanthemum as restoration plants. The inhibition degree of enzyme activity to the two groups of plants was urease, sucrase and catalase under the condition of single and complex pollution of Cu and Zn, among which the enzyme inhibition rate of soil urease was the largest and the sensitivity was the highest. Therefore, soil urease can be used as the monitoring index of soil Cu + Zn pollution. The improvement of urease and sucrase activity was greater than that of Cuccinia chinensis, which indicated that geranium had stronger tolerance and adaptability to Cu Zn pollution, and could alleviate the soil pollution caused by Cu + Zn heavy metals to some extent. Under the condition of compound pollution of Cu100 mg 路kg ~ (-1) Zn200 路kg ~ (-1) Zn200 路kg ~ (-1), the three kinds of enzymes of geranium and Cupulina showed weak antagonism under the condition of potential of remediation of soil Cu ~ (2 +) Zn pollution 路Cu ~ (2 +) Zn compound pollution, and the concentration of treatment was Cu100 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) Zn200 路kg ~ (-1). Other groups showed synergistic effect, and CuZnZn inhibited soil enzyme activity. Secondly, geranium was selected as repair plant. The plant height, main root length and biomass of geranium were studied under different concentration of Cu-Zn treatment. The effects of different concentrations of Cu on the plant height, main root length, biomass and chlorophyll content of geranium were studied. The low concentration of Zn (< 200mg 路kg ~ (-1)) promoted the plant height, main root length and biomass of geranium, and promoted the synthesis of chlorophyll. High concentration of Zn (> 500 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1)) could promote the plant height and root length of geranium. The biomass and chlorophyll content were inhibited to some extent, and the effect of Cu-Zn on the stem of geranium was greater than that on root. The toxicity of Zn to geranium was less than that of Cu to geranium. The transport coefficient and enrichment coefficient of Zn in geranium were higher than that of Cu, but the transport coefficient and enrichment coefficient of Zn were higher than that of Cu. The enrichment coefficient is not high, So geranium leaves can't be used as Cu Zn superrich plants. Then, Pot experiment was used to study the morphological distribution of Cu ~ (2 +) Zn in soil with time. The results showed that different concentrations of Cu ~ (2 +) Zn mainly existed in the soil as residue after entering the soil. When Cu at different concentrations entered the soil, the speciation distribution of Cu was all in the form of residual organic bound ferromanganese oxidized carbonate exchange state. When Zn at different concentrations enters the soil, the speciation distribution of Zn is the organic bound carbonate exchange state of the residual ferromanganese oxidation state, which increases with the increase of time. The forms of Cu in soils with different concentrations reached dynamic equilibrium after 20 days, and reached dynamic equilibrium after 20 days under the conditions of zn1000mg 路kg ~ (-1) and ZN ~ (200 mg 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1)). But the zn2000mg 路kg ~ (-1)) treatment did not reach the dynamic equilibrium for a long time, which indicated that it took a long time for the form of zn to exist in the soil to reach the dynamic equilibrium.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X53;X173

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 郭瑞萍;楊春林;;農(nóng)業(yè)土壤放射性污染現(xiàn)狀與修復(fù)技術(shù)探討[J];北京農(nóng)業(yè);2012年06期

2 陳思;安蓮英;;土壤放射性污染主要來源及修復(fù)方法研究進展[J];廣東農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2013年01期

3 張瓊;陳金融;張春明;王亮;;福島事故后土壤放射性污染修復(fù)及啟示[J];中國科技投資;2012年18期

4 孫賽玉;周青;;土壤放射性污染的生態(tài)效應(yīng)及生物修復(fù)[J];中國生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報;2008年02期

5 尹瑞安;瞿思民;練方偉;吳夏華;;人類活動對土壤的影響及對策[J];寧夏農(nóng)林科技;2013年04期

6 陳敏;張成江;倪師軍;李爽;王德偉;;土壤中核素的物探化探分析與監(jiān)測[J];物探化探計算技術(shù);2006年02期

7 ;[J];;年期

相關(guān)會議論文 前2條

1 王亮;王U，

本文編號：1503060