本文關(guān)鍵詞： 湖泊 富營養(yǎng)化 滇池草海 總磷 營養(yǎng)物基準 營養(yǎng)物控制標準　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前,湖泊富營養(yǎng)化問題已成為全球性水生態(tài)環(huán)境方面的熱點問題之一,為有效控制湖泊富營養(yǎng)化和保護湖泊環(huán)境,當務(wù)之急是對湖泊營養(yǎng)物的濃度制定一個基準和控制標準。然而,我國是一個多湖泊的國家,大多數(shù)的湖泊又分布廣泛,在營養(yǎng)物水平與富營養(yǎng)化效應(yīng)上,各湖泊存在明顯的區(qū)域性差異。因此,應(yīng)根據(jù)研究湖泊所處區(qū)域來合理的制定其營養(yǎng)物基準和控制標準。本文詳細介紹了我國湖泊富營養(yǎng)化現(xiàn)狀和治理措施以及磷在湖泊中的存在狀態(tài)和轉(zhuǎn)化方式,系統(tǒng)分析了國內(nèi)外學(xué)者研究湖泊營養(yǎng)物基準候選變量的選取方法和參照狀態(tài)的確定方法,基于上述分析,最終確定湖泊營養(yǎng)物基準值和控制標準值。本文以滇池草海作為研究對象,在查閱大量國內(nèi)外研究湖泊營養(yǎng)物基準和控制標準的相關(guān)文獻、收集滇池草海歷年水質(zhì)資料和補充野外采樣的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了滇池草海富營養(yǎng)化現(xiàn)狀及其變化趨勢,同時借助SPSS軟件對各指標變量進行了主成分分析、相關(guān)性分析以及多元線性回歸分析等,確定了滇池草海營養(yǎng)物基準候選變量。運用參照湖泊法、群體分布法以及模型預(yù)測法對滇池草海營養(yǎng)物基準候選變量進行分析,確定了其營養(yǎng)物基準參照狀態(tài)值,最終依據(jù)卡爾森理論推斷出了滇池草海營養(yǎng)物總磷的控制標準值,這一分析過程中所得出的結(jié)論如下：(1)近年來,滇池草海水質(zhì)較之前有所好轉(zhuǎn),但其水體營養(yǎng)狀態(tài)仍處于中度富營養(yǎng)化狀態(tài)與重度富營養(yǎng)化狀態(tài)之間。滇池草海水質(zhì)等級現(xiàn)為Ⅴ類水,水體功能屬于農(nóng)業(yè)用水和一般景區(qū)用水。(2)通過對多種營養(yǎng)物基準候選指標變量和滇池草海區(qū)域環(huán)境的綜合考慮分析,確定Chl-a、TP、TN、SD作為其營養(yǎng)物基準候選指標變量。運用統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析法確定了Chl-a、P、TN、SD的參照狀態(tài)基準值,分別為2.000μg/L、0.010mg/L、 0.177 mg/L、2.200m,并將TP濃度0.010mg/L作為滇池草海營養(yǎng)物總磷基準值。最終根據(jù)卡爾森理論,推算出滇池草海營養(yǎng)物總磷控制標準值0.016mg/L。
[Abstract]:At present, lake eutrophication has become one of the hot issues in the global water ecological environment. In order to effectively control lake eutrophication and protect lake environment, The most urgent task is to establish a standard and control standard for nutrient concentration in lakes. However, China is a country with many lakes, most of which are widely distributed, in terms of nutrient levels and eutrophication effects. There are obvious regional differences among lakes. The nutrient standard and control standard should be reasonably formulated according to the area where the lakes are located. This paper introduces in detail the eutrophication status and control measures of lakes in China, and the status and transformation of phosphorus in lakes. Based on the above analysis, this paper systematically analyzes the methods of selecting the candidate variables and determining the reference state of the nutrient reference variables of lakes studied by domestic and foreign scholars. In this paper, taking the Caohai of Dianchi Lake as the object of study, we refer to a large number of domestic and foreign literatures on the nutrient standards and control standards of lakes. On the basis of collecting water quality data of Caohai in Dianchi Lake and supplementary field sampling, the eutrophication status and its changing trend of Caohai in Dianchi Lake were analyzed, and the principal component analysis of each index variable was carried out by means of SPSS software. Correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to determine the candidate variables of nutrient benchmark in Caohai of Dianchi Lake, and the reference lake method, population distribution method and model prediction method were used to analyze the candidate variables of nutrient benchmark in Caohai of Dianchi Lake. The reference state value of nutrient reference is determined, and the control standard value of total nutrient phosphorus in Caohai Lake of Dianchi Lake is inferred according to Carlson's theory. The conclusions of this analysis are as follows: 1) in recent years, The water quality of Caohai in Dianchi Lake is better than that before, but its nutrient status is still between moderate eutrophication state and severe eutrophication state. The water quality grade of Caohai in Dianchi Lake is class V water. The function of water body belongs to agricultural water use and general scenic area water use. (2) based on the comprehensive analysis of several nutrient benchmark candidate index variables and the environment of Caohai area in Dianchi Lake, Using statistical analysis method, the reference state reference value of Chl-aAU PTNSD was determined as 2.000 渭 g / L 0.010 mg / L, 0.177 mg / L = 2.200 m.The TP concentration of 0.010 mg / L was taken as the standard value of total phosphorus in the grass sea nutrients of Dianchi Lake. Finally, according to Carlson's theory, the content of TP was 0.010 mg / L as the reference value of total phosphorus of nutrients in the grass sea of Dianchi Lake. The control standard value of total phosphorus in the grass sea of Dianchi Lake was estimated to be 0.016 mg 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X524

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