本文關(guān)鍵詞： 綠化樹(shù)種 大氣顆粒物 顆粒物附著密度 粒徑分布 元素組成　出處：《北京林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》2016年12期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：為選擇吸附顆粒物能力強(qiáng)的綠化樹(shù)種修復(fù)大氣顆粒物污染,以北京市西直門交通樞紐的16種常見(jiàn)綠化樹(shù)種為材料,利用掃描電鏡觀察葉片表面的微觀形貌和顆粒物的形態(tài),并用Image J軟件對(duì)顆粒物的粒徑分布進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),16種樹(shù)葉表面形貌差異較大,闊葉樹(shù)種葉片上表面形態(tài)比較復(fù)雜,有溝槽、褶皺、絨毛和蠟質(zhì)等,下表面主要有氣孔、腺毛、絨毛等,形態(tài)相對(duì)較單一。針葉樹(shù)種葉表面形態(tài)相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單,有少量褶皺,但是葉表面分泌大量油脂。葉片表面附著的大部分顆粒物表面粗糙且形態(tài)不規(guī)則,粒徑小于2.5μm的顆粒物在3種粒徑中占比最大。通過(guò)掃描電鏡X射線能譜儀對(duì)顆粒物的元素進(jìn)行分析發(fā)現(xiàn),組成顆粒物的元素主要有C、N、O、Si、Ca、Fe,及少量的Na、Mg、Pb、Ni、Cd和Pd等元素。從顆粒物來(lái)源分析,主要含有C、N、O、Na、Mg、Si和Ca等元素的顆粒物,可能主要來(lái)自自然界,而Pb、Fe、Ni、Cd和Pd等元素含量較高的顆粒物可能主要來(lái)自人類活動(dòng)的產(chǎn)物。葉表面顆粒物附著密度結(jié)果表明,圓柏和油松較其他樹(shù)種葉片顆粒附著密度大,其余較大的樹(shù)種依次是欒樹(shù)、國(guó)槐和榆葉梅等。研究結(jié)果為揭示樹(shù)木吸收大氣顆粒物的機(jī)制及合理選擇園林綠化樹(shù)種提供了重要的理論科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In order to select greening tree species with strong ability to adsorb particulate matter, 16 common greening trees in Xizhimen Traffic Hub of Beijing were used as materials for remediation of atmospheric particulate pollution. The microscopic morphology of leaf surface and the morphology of particulate matter were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the particle size distribution was analyzed by Image J software. The results showed that there were great differences in the morphology of 16 leaves. The upper surface morphology of broad-leaved species is more complex, with grooves, folds, fluff and waxy, etc. The lower surface mainly has stomata, glandular hairs, villi and so on, the morphology is relatively simple, and the surface morphology of coniferous leaves is relatively simple. There were a few folds, but the leaf surface secreted a lot of oil. The surface of most particles attached to the leaf surface was rough and irregular. The particle size less than 2.5 渭 m accounted for the largest of the three particle sizes. The analysis of the elements of the particles by scanning electron microscope X-ray energy spectrometer showed that the main elements of the particles were Con Nu O Si. From the source analysis of particulates, there are mainly the particulates containing elements such as C ~ (2 +) N ~ (2 +) O ~ (2 +) Na, mg ~ (2 +) Si, Ca and so on. It is possible that the particulates with high contents of Pb, Fe, Ni, CD and PD may come from the products of human activities, and the results of the adhesion density of particles on the leaf surface indicate that the particles are mainly from the natural world. Compared with other tree species, Cypress orientalis and Pinus tabulaeformis had higher particle adhesion density, and the other larger species were Luan. The results provided an important theoretical basis for revealing the mechanism of absorbing atmospheric particulates by trees and reasonably selecting the tree species for landscaping.
【作者單位】： 北京林業(yè)大學(xué)生物科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院林木育種國(guó)家工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：林業(yè)公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201304301)
【分類號(hào)】：S718.45;X513
【正文快照】： SHI Jun-na;ZHANG Gang;AN Hai-long;CAO Xue-hui;LIU Chao;YIN Wei-lun;XIA Xin-li.Differences in atmospheric particle accumulation on leaf surface in sixteen tree species in Beijingand characteristics of particles.Journal of Beijing Forestry University(2016)

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