本文關(guān)鍵詞： 遼河保護(hù)區(qū)干流 大型底棲動(dòng)物 結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型 B-IBI-SEM 河流生態(tài)健康評(píng)價(jià)　出處：《沈陽航空航天大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：水生生物的調(diào)查,尤其是大型底棲動(dòng)物的調(diào)查和鑒定是河流生態(tài)健康評(píng)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)。大型底棲動(dòng)物是河流生態(tài)環(huán)境中分布最廣的物種之一,它是一種無脊椎動(dòng)物,且擁有復(fù)雜的種群。大型底棲動(dòng)物也被認(rèn)為是研究河流生態(tài)系統(tǒng)健康的必要組成部分,是整個(gè)生態(tài)循環(huán)中的重要環(huán)節(jié)。以大型底棲動(dòng)物鑒定為基礎(chǔ)而構(gòu)建的底棲生物多樣性指數(shù)(Benthic-Index of Biotic Integrity,簡稱B-IBI)方法可以用來評(píng)價(jià)河流的生態(tài)健康,并得到較廣泛的應(yīng)用。然而傳統(tǒng)的B-IBI評(píng)價(jià)方法存在很多問題,包括B-IBI算法高估了觀測(cè)變量的真正變異量和忽略了其他變量的相互影響等。本文通過引入結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型(SEM)并基于B-IBI指數(shù)算法,在遼河保護(hù)區(qū)干流構(gòu)建B-IBI-SEM河流生態(tài)健康評(píng)價(jià)模型,以求將傳統(tǒng)的B-IBI指數(shù)法改進(jìn)并對(duì)遼河保護(hù)區(qū)干流生態(tài)健康進(jìn)行更合理地評(píng)價(jià)。本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)果如下:(1)本論文主要對(duì)遼河保護(hù)區(qū)干流包括福德店在內(nèi)的共30個(gè)采樣點(diǎn)的沉積物樣品進(jìn)行大型底棲動(dòng)物的物種鑒定,總共鑒定出47種大型底棲動(dòng)物,并且多為耐污種。(2)建模之初,首先要進(jìn)行參照點(diǎn)與受損點(diǎn)的選擇,以及對(duì)生物學(xué)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行初選,之后建立候選指標(biāo)的顏色判別矩陣,對(duì)候選指標(biāo)進(jìn)行精選。精選主要使用信度檢驗(yàn)、效度檢驗(yàn)和IQ判別分析等分析方法。經(jīng)過篩選,本論文確定四河匯入口為參照點(diǎn),并精選了總分類單元數(shù)等10個(gè)生物學(xué)指標(biāo)用于后續(xù)建模。(3)基于傳統(tǒng)的B-IBI評(píng)價(jià)模型,依據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)方程模型的原理進(jìn)行建模。在遼河保護(hù)區(qū)干流的上游構(gòu)建B-IBI-SEM評(píng)價(jià)模型,并對(duì)模型進(jìn)行修正之后,成功建模。為了驗(yàn)證模型的穩(wěn)定性,需要基于下游的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)模型進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。最后得出了穩(wěn)定的B-IBI-SEM模型,即B-IBI-SEM得分=(0.05K1+0.39K2-0.01 K3)+(-1.26K4-1.31K5)+(0.15K6+0.23K7)+0.41。(4)根據(jù)構(gòu)建的B-IBI-SEM模型對(duì)遼河保護(hù)區(qū)干流的生態(tài)健康進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),結(jié)果表明遼河保護(hù)區(qū)干流不同河段的生態(tài)健康多處于亞健康和一般狀態(tài)。
[Abstract]:The investigation of aquatic organisms, especially the investigation and identification of macrobenthos is the basis of river ecological health assessment. Macrobenthos are one of the most widely distributed species in river ecological environment, and it is a kind of invertebrate. Macrobenthos are also considered an essential part of the study of the health of river ecosystems. The index of benthos biodiversity based on the identification of macrobenthos is an important link in the whole ecological cycle. Benthic-Index of Biotic Integrity. B-IBI (B-IBI) method can be used to evaluate the ecological health of rivers, and has been widely used. However, there are many problems in the traditional B-IBI evaluation method. The B-IBI algorithm overestimates the true variation of observed variables and ignores the interaction of other variables. This paper introduces the structural equation model (SEM) and based on B-IBI exponential algorithm. B-IBI-SEM river ecological health assessment model was constructed in the main stream of Liaohe River Reserve. In order to improve the traditional B-IBI index method and evaluate the ecological health of the main stream in Liaohe Reserve, the main contents and results of this paper are as follows: 1). In this paper, the species identification of macrobenthos was carried out on sediment samples from 30 sampling sites in Liaohe River Reserve, including Fudian. A total of 47 species of macrobenthos were identified, and most of them were pollution-tolerant species. At the beginning of modeling, the reference point and damage point should be selected, as well as biological indexes should be selected. After that, the color discriminant matrix of candidate index was established, and the candidate index was selected. The main selection methods were reliability test, validity test and IQ discriminant analysis. In this paper, the entrance of four rivers is determined as the reference point, and 10 biological indexes, such as the number of total taxonomic units, are selected for subsequent modeling. (3) based on the traditional B-IBI evaluation model. The B-IBI-SEM evaluation model was constructed in the upper reaches of the main stream of Liaohe River Reserve according to the principle of structural equation model, and the model was successfully modeled after the modification of the model, in order to verify the stability of the model. The model needs to be validated based on downstream data. Finally, a stable B-IBI-SEM model is obtained. B-IBI-SEM score of 0.05K1 0.39K2-0.01 K3) -1.26K4-1.31K5) 0.15K6 0.23K7). Based on the B-IBI-SEM model, the ecological health of the main stream in Liaohe protection area was evaluated. The results showed that the ecological health of different reaches of the main stream in Liaohe protected area was mostly in sub-health and general state.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X824
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本文編號(hào)：1455684