本文關(guān)鍵詞： 尾氣檢測 電渦流測功機 廢氣分析儀 模糊PID Simulink仿真　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本論文主要從理論和實踐兩方面出發(fā)，研究了機動車ASM尾氣排放檢測系統(tǒng)實際應(yīng)用的問題和系統(tǒng)控制方法的相關(guān)理論，針對國家環(huán)保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對穩(wěn)態(tài)工況法汽車尾氣檢測系統(tǒng)的要求，開發(fā)出一套能夠滿足檢測標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求的尾氣排放檢測系統(tǒng)，同時為了實現(xiàn)更好的控制精度，尋找一種最優(yōu)的控制方法。 根據(jù)GB18285-2005，設(shè)計了檢測系統(tǒng)的整體方案，主要從實現(xiàn)基本功能、滿足檢測要求、方便操作、提高控制精度等幾方面出發(fā)，設(shè)計穩(wěn)態(tài)工況法汽車尾氣檢測系統(tǒng)的硬件結(jié)構(gòu)和軟件框架。硬件方面主要從機械設(shè)計和電器結(jié)構(gòu)兩方面設(shè)計，主要包括：傳感器信號采集與處理單元、舉升控制單元、司機助的設(shè)計、渦流機加載控制單元的設(shè)計、反拖電機控制單元的設(shè)計，并詳細(xì)介紹了各個部分的結(jié)構(gòu)及功能；軟件方面主要從模塊化的思想進(jìn)行設(shè)計，主要包括：車輛基本信息登陸模塊、車輛檢索模塊、工況法檢測模塊、傳感器標(biāo)定模塊、系統(tǒng)參數(shù)設(shè)置模塊、廢氣分析儀校準(zhǔn)模塊、底盤測功機校準(zhǔn)模塊。本檢測系統(tǒng)具有檢測靈活、界面友好、可移植性強的特點，能夠滿足國家對汽車尾氣檢測系統(tǒng)的要求。 通過對電渦流測功機的工作特性分析和機動車ASM尾氣排放檢測系統(tǒng)的研究，分析PID控制算法和模糊控制算法的優(yōu)缺點，以及適用范圍，使用Simulink仿真軟件進(jìn)行建模仿真，搭建PID控制、模糊控制以及模糊PID控制仿真控制模型，對比分析PID控制、模糊控制以及模糊PID控制對本系統(tǒng)的控制精度和動態(tài)響應(yīng)。由于模糊PID控制相對于PID控制、模糊控制具有收斂快、震蕩小的特點，最終選用模糊PID混合控制為本系統(tǒng)的加載控制方式。 應(yīng)用所開發(fā)的系統(tǒng)，進(jìn)行汽車尾氣排放檢測試驗，記錄不同基準(zhǔn)質(zhì)量車型加載扭矩與時間的數(shù)據(jù)，同理想的加載曲線進(jìn)行對比，分析實際加載曲線與理想加載曲線的變化趨勢以及測試值與理論值的誤差，計算測試誤差精度，最終能夠確定本系統(tǒng)具有較高的控制精度，，能夠滿足測試要求。 綜上所述，本文首先根據(jù)國家環(huán)保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求，從理論和實踐的角度出發(fā)，開發(fā)機動車ASM尾氣排放檢測系統(tǒng)，主要包括硬件和軟件的設(shè)計、控制算法的選取以及通過實車試驗測試系統(tǒng)的控制精度。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly from the theory and the practice two aspects, has studied the vehicle ASM exhaust emission detection system practical application question and the system control method correlation theory. According to the requirements of the national environmental protection standard for the vehicle exhaust detection system under steady operating conditions, a set of exhaust emission detection system which can meet the requirements of the detection standard is developed, and in order to achieve better control accuracy. To find an optimal control method. According to GB18285-2005, the whole scheme of the testing system is designed, which mainly starts from several aspects, such as realizing the basic functions, satisfying the inspection requirements, facilitating the operation, improving the control precision and so on. The hardware structure and software framework of the vehicle exhaust detection system under steady working conditions are designed. The hardware is mainly designed from two aspects of mechanical design and electrical structure, including: sensor signal acquisition and processing unit. Lift control unit, driver aided design, eddy current machine loading control unit design, reverse towing motor control unit design, and detailed introduction of each part of the structure and function; Software design mainly from the modular idea, including: vehicle basic information landing module, vehicle retrieval module, working condition detection module, sensor calibration module, system parameter setting module. The calibration module of exhaust gas analyzer and the calibration module of chassis dynamometer. The detection system is characterized by flexible detection, friendly interface and strong portability, which can meet the requirements of the national automobile exhaust detection system. Through the analysis of the working characteristics of the eddy current dynamometer and the study of the vehicle ASM emission detection system, the advantages and disadvantages of the PID control algorithm and the fuzzy control algorithm, as well as the applicable range are analyzed. Modeling and simulation using Simulink simulation software, PID control, fuzzy control and fuzzy PID control simulation control model, comparative analysis of PID control. The precision and dynamic response of fuzzy control and fuzzy PID control to this system. Because fuzzy PID control is relative to PID control, fuzzy control has the characteristics of fast convergence and small oscillation. Finally, fuzzy PID hybrid control is chosen as the loading control mode of the system. Using the developed system, the vehicle exhaust emission detection test is carried out, and the data of loading torque and time of different reference quality models are recorded, and compared with the ideal loading curve. The change trend of the actual loading curve and the ideal loading curve and the error between the test value and the theoretical value are analyzed, and the accuracy of the test error is calculated. Finally, it can be determined that the system has a higher control accuracy. Able to meet test requirements. To sum up, according to the requirements of national environmental protection standards, this paper first from the theoretical and practical point of view, the development of vehicle ASM emission detection system, including the design of hardware and software. The selection of control algorithm and the control accuracy of the test system through real vehicle test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X734.2;U467.48

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