本文關(guān)鍵詞：活性炭纖維在測(cè)定水中痕量苯酚與苯胺中的應(yīng)用　出處：《蘇州科技學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 活性炭纖維 苯酚 苯胺 富集

【摘要】：苯酚與苯胺在天然水體中濃度低,直接用光度法難以準(zhǔn)確定量,在檢測(cè)之前需要富集分離。萃取法需要消耗大量有機(jī)溶劑,污染環(huán)境,蒸餾法操作復(fù)雜,需要高溫加熱。吸附法是一種簡(jiǎn)單易行的富集方法,但尋找高效率的吸附材料是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。課題用改性后的活性炭纖維(Actived carbon fiber,ACF)對(duì)水樣進(jìn)行富集分離,避免使用有機(jī)溶劑,簡(jiǎn)化富集操作過程,降低了檢出限。課題首先用未改性的ACF和顆粒炭(Granular avtived carbon,GAC)對(duì)不同濃度水樣做靜態(tài)吸附實(shí)驗(yàn),ACF的吸附效率比GAC高7%～17%。分析吸附等溫線發(fā)現(xiàn)吸附過程更符合Freundlich模型。為提高富集效率,用磷酸和氯化鋇分別對(duì)ACF進(jìn)行改性處理并優(yōu)化改性條件,對(duì)比兩種方法的改性效果,結(jié)果表明150 mmol·L~(-1)的BaCl_2溶液浸漬12h制得的ACF_3對(duì)苯酚與苯胺的富集效率最高。分析吸附等溫線發(fā)現(xiàn)ACF_3的吸附過程也更符合Freundlich模型。然后用ACF_3分別富集150μg的苯酚與苯胺,研究吸附時(shí)間、pH、吸附溫度、ACF_3用量對(duì)富集效率的影響。確定苯酚的最佳富集條件為:吸附平衡時(shí)間110 min、pH為6、溫度20℃、ACF_3用量為0.25 g,富集效率為98.74%;苯胺的最佳富集條件為:吸附時(shí)間為90 min、pH為7、溫度20℃、ACF_3用量為0.15 g,富集效率為98.34%。對(duì)富集有150μg苯酚、苯胺的ACF_3分別進(jìn)行脫附實(shí)驗(yàn),用NaOH作苯酚的脫附劑,H_2SO_4作苯胺的脫附劑,研究脫附劑濃度、脫附溫度對(duì)脫附效果的影響。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)確定,苯酚的最佳脫附條件為:NaOH濃度為2.5 mol·L~(-1)、脫附溫度70℃,脫附率可達(dá)95.54%;苯胺的最佳脫附條件為:H_2SO_4濃度0.05mol·L~(-1)、脫附溫度70℃,脫附率可達(dá)96.39%。最后在優(yōu)化條件下,取距某印染廠排污口500、1000、1500 m處的下游河水并檢測(cè)其中苯酚與苯胺的含量。苯酚的濃度依次為0.093、0.052、0.031 mg·L~(-1),回收率為94%～98%,檢出限為0.004 mg·L~(-1)。苯胺的濃度依次為0.081、0.034、0.009 mg·L~(-1),回收率為94%～99%,檢出限為0.002 mg·L~(-1),驗(yàn)證了ACF富集光度法測(cè)定水中痕量苯酚與苯胺的可行性。
[Abstract]:The concentration of phenol and aniline in natural water is low, the direct spectrophotometry is difficult to quantify accurately, the extraction method needs to consume a large amount of organic solvent, pollute the environment, and the operation of distillation method is complex. High temperature heating is needed. Adsorption is a simple and convenient enrichment method. However, it is difficult to find high efficient adsorption materials. The subject is to enrich and separate the water samples with modified activated carbon fiber (ACFs) and activated carbon fiber (ACFs). To avoid the use of organic solvents, the enrichment process was simplified and the detection limit was reduced. First of all, unmodified ACF and granular avtived carbon were used. GAC) for static adsorption of water samples with different concentrations. The adsorption efficiency of ACF is 7 / 17 higher than that of GAC. The adsorption isotherms show that the adsorption process is more in line with the Freundlich model. ACF was modified by phosphoric acid and barium chloride, and the modification conditions were optimized. The effects of the two methods were compared. The results show that 150 mmol 路L ~ (1). The concentration efficiency of phenol and aniline was highest in ACF_3 prepared by impregnating with BaCl_2 solution for 12 h. The adsorption isotherm analysis showed that the adsorption process of ACF_3 was more consistent with Freundlich mode. Then ACF_3 was used to enrich phenol and aniline at 150 渭 g. The effects of adsorption time (pH) and adsorption temperature (ACF3) on the concentration efficiency of phenol were studied. The optimum conditions of phenol enrichment were determined as follows: adsorption equilibrium time 110min pH 6, temperature 20 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1430380