本文關(guān)鍵詞：難降解有機(jī)廢水的催化氧化研究　出處：《中北大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 難降解有機(jī)廢水 催化氧化 微波輔助 酸沉 Fenton氧化法

【摘要】：難降解有機(jī)廢水的處理，是目前國(guó)內(nèi)外污水處理界公認(rèn)的難題。所謂“難降解”是指這類廢水的可生化性較低，難以生物降解。石油化工廢水和熒光劑生產(chǎn)廢水組成復(fù)雜，具有生物毒性強(qiáng)、濃度高的特點(diǎn)，對(duì)環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重，難以進(jìn)行生物降解。因此本課題選用以上兩種難降解有機(jī)廢水分別進(jìn)行研究。 針對(duì)石油化工廢水，先對(duì)其COD值測(cè)定，并進(jìn)行紅外光譜分析，通過單因素測(cè)試，分別確定微波的功率、輻射時(shí)間、pH值、活性炭用量、氧化劑和催化劑用量的最佳效果。最后進(jìn)行復(fù)合測(cè)試，觀察各因素在不同組合、不同條件下的變化規(guī)律，并確定最佳效果。微波下，50ml稀釋20倍的廢水在堿性條件下，，中火微波輻射5min，加入0.1g CuO，0.1g活性炭和0.5ml3％的H2O2，COD值最小為73mg/L。去除率為80%。但在實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)廢水在堿性條件下與金屬離子發(fā)生沉降。針對(duì)此現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步測(cè)試，發(fā)現(xiàn)在選取50ml原廢水并加入FeSO41.4g后，在堿性條件下，中火微波輻射2min，其COD值從7380mg/L降到608mg/L，降低率為92％。說明微波條件下沉降效果優(yōu)于催化氧化的效果。 針對(duì)熒光劑生產(chǎn)廢水的研究，通過對(duì)熒光廢水的特點(diǎn)及難以處理的原因分析，確定微波輻射的處理方案，在功率為600W、輻射時(shí)間為9min、pH值為4的條件下，COD去除率最高只有38.8%。再對(duì)原廢水進(jìn)行酸沉處理，當(dāng)調(diào)節(jié)pH為1~2時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)酸沉條件下微波處理效果更好，COD去除率在52%以上。在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)酸沉廢水進(jìn)一步研究，探究微波功率、輻射時(shí)間、pH值、試劑用量對(duì)處理效果的影響及作用機(jī)理，然后再對(duì)各因素組合對(duì)比研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)研究結(jié)果表明，當(dāng)輻射功率為600W、輻射時(shí)間為9min、pH值為2、質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為30%的H2O2的量為0.3mL，且質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為1%的負(fù)載CuO加入量為0.8g時(shí)，熒光劑生產(chǎn)廢水的COD去除率達(dá)到81.25%，說明在微波條件下熒光廢水的催化氧化效果更好。 為了適用于工業(yè)化廢水處理，提高難降解有機(jī)廢水處理的可行性，故本研究針對(duì)熒光劑生產(chǎn)廢水采用酸性凈化，沉淀大部分生物難降解熒光劑，使其COD降至2600mg/L左右，再利用微波+Fenton氧化—投加石灰組合的強(qiáng)化學(xué)氧化性和絮凝沉淀雙重作用，使其COD降至700~800mg/L左右。再利用現(xiàn)有生物法即可將熒光廢水COD降低，使其COD降至75mg/L，整體去除率達(dá)到98.63%，該法處理成本低，凈化效果顯著。
[Abstract]:The treatment of refractory organic wastewater is recognized as a difficult problem in domestic and international wastewater treatment field. The so-called "refractory" means that the biodegradability of this kind of wastewater is low. It is difficult to biodegrade. Petrochemical wastewater and fluorescent wastewater have complex composition, strong biotoxicity, high concentration, and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, the above two kinds of refractory organic wastewater are studied separately. The COD value of petrochemical wastewater was determined firstly, and the infrared spectrum analysis was carried out. The microwave power, radiation time and pH value, and the amount of activated carbon were determined by single factor test. The optimum effect of the dosage of oxidant and catalyst. Finally, the compound test was carried out to observe the change rule of various factors under different combinations and conditions, and to determine the best effect under microwave. 50 ml wastewater diluted 20 times in alkaline condition, microwave irradiation for 5 min, adding 0.1 g CuOO 0.1 g activated carbon and 0.5 ml 3% H 2O 2. The minimum value of COD is 73 mg / L, the removal rate is 80%. However, in the process of experiment, it was found that the wastewater was deposited with metal ions in alkaline condition. It was found that after 50 ml of raw wastewater was selected and added to FeSO41.4g, the COD value decreased from 7380 mg / L to 608 mg / L under alkaline conditions and microwave irradiation for 2 min. The reduction rate is 92. It shows that the sedimentation effect under microwave condition is better than that of catalytic oxidation. According to the study on the wastewater from fluorescent agent production, the treatment scheme of microwave radiation was determined by analyzing the characteristics of fluorescent wastewater and the reasons for its difficulty in treatment. The power was 600W and the radiation time was 9min. The highest removal rate of COD at pH 4 is only 38.8%. When the pH is adjusted to 1 ~ 2:00, the microwave treatment is better when the original wastewater is treated by acid precipitation. The removal rate of COD is more than 52%. On this basis, the influence of microwave power, radiation time, pH value and reagent dosage on the treatment efficiency and the mechanism of treatment are further studied. The experimental results show that when the radiation power is 600 W, the radiation time is 9 min and pH value is 2. When the amount of H _ 2O _ 2 with mass fraction of 30% was 0.3 mL, and the amount of loaded CuO with mass fraction of 1% was 0.8 g, the removal rate of COD in the wastewater from fluorescent production reached 81.25%. The results show that the catalytic oxidation effect of fluorescent wastewater is better under microwave condition. In order to be suitable for industrial wastewater treatment and to improve the feasibility of refractory organic wastewater treatment, acid purification and precipitation of most biodegradable fluorescent agents were adopted in this study. The COD was reduced to about 2600mg / L, and the combination of microwave Fenton oxidation and lime was used to enhance the oxidation and flocculation precipitation. The COD of fluorescent wastewater can be reduced to 75 mg / L by using the existing biological methods, and the overall removal rate is 98.63%. The treatment cost is low and the purification effect is remarkable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703.1

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