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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：建筑泥漿高效綜合脫水技術(shù)研究　出處：《東南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 建筑泥漿 絮凝 脫水 APAM

【摘要】：隨著城市建筑日趨密集化,建筑泥漿量越來越大,其處理處置問題已逐漸成為經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展中的突出問題。本課題根據(jù)南京現(xiàn)場樁基泥漿的實際情況,通過實驗室試驗,研究了建筑泥漿高效快速脫水技術(shù)。利用數(shù)據(jù)處理軟件對試驗結(jié)果進行處理分析,得出了建筑泥漿脫水性能影響因素與其脫水效果之間的關(guān)系,為實際工程應(yīng)用提供必要的理論基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)支持。本文主要成果如下：(1)全面研究了建筑泥漿性質(zhì)。利用Prodigy全譜直讀ICP發(fā)射光譜儀—高色散大陣列固態(tài)檢測器、硅酸鹽化學(xué)成分快速分析測得建筑泥漿以無機物為主；借助Mastersize 2000激光衍射粒度分析儀濕法分析,泥漿由粘土、粉砂及砂組成,其中粘土含量為35%左右,打樁深度越深,出來的泥漿的含砂量越大；用pH計測得建筑泥漿的pH約為9.93。采用對比試驗法研究了泥漿性質(zhì)對其絮凝脫水性能影響,結(jié)果顯示：含粘土量越大,含固量越高,所需絮凝劑量越大,同時添加絮凝劑能夠去除10%左右自然沉淀無法去除的細小顆粒。(2)采用對比試驗法及均勻試驗法,確定了最佳絮凝劑、最佳分子量、濃度及投加量,研究了最佳絮凝劑的性質(zhì)及水力條件對泥漿絮凝脫水性能的影響,同時采用掃描電子顯微鏡研究了最佳絮凝劑的脫水機理。試驗結(jié)果顯示：陰離子型聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)絮凝脫水效果最佳,分子量在1400萬～1600萬,每250mL泥漿投加25mL-27mL APAM溶液,濃度為0.25%～0.27%時,效果較佳；未處理的泥漿結(jié)構(gòu)疏松,加入APAM后絮體結(jié)構(gòu)變得較為密實緊湊,且有明顯的固體大顆粒出現(xiàn),APAM的絮凝機理以吸附架橋作用為主：分子量、濃度、溶解水質(zhì)及長時間放置對APAM溶液粘度及絮凝效果影響較大；常溫范圍內(nèi)溫度的變化對APAM溶液粘度及絮凝效果影響不明顯：穩(wěn)定劑甘油(丙三醇)、乙二醇及尿素對APAM溶液具有良好的穩(wěn)定效果；長時間放置后,APAM分子上部分酰胺基會發(fā)生反應(yīng),并造成了其結(jié)構(gòu)的變化；攪拌速度隨絮體尺寸增大而逐漸減小,攪拌時間控制在2min左右。(3)研究了重力自然沉降、離心脫水、濾袋脫水對泥漿分離效果的影響,確定了合適的固液分離設(shè)備。機械脫水效率高,但能耗大。濾袋脫水效果好,安全且節(jié)能。(4)對建筑泥漿上清液進行水質(zhì)指標(biāo)測定,在APAM最佳分子量、濃度及添加量范圍內(nèi),COD、TP、NH3-N均能達到《城鎮(zhèn)污水處理廠污染物排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》一級A標(biāo)準(zhǔn),TN、SS能滿足一級B標(biāo)準(zhǔn),清液pH符合規(guī)范要求,重金屬及無機非金屬有害物含量均小于最高允許排放濃度,可以直接排放。
[Abstract]:With the increasing density of urban buildings and the increasing amount of building mud, the treatment and disposal of the mud has gradually become a prominent problem in the economic and social development. This subject is based on the actual situation of pile foundation mud in Nanjing. In this paper, the efficient and rapid dehydration technology of building mud is studied by laboratory test, and the data processing software is used to process and analyze the test results. The relationship between the factors affecting the dehydration performance of building mud and its dehydration effect is obtained. To provide the necessary theoretical basis and technical support for practical engineering application. The main results of this paper are as follows: 1). In this paper, the properties of building mud were studied. The Prodigy full-spectrum direct reading ICP emission spectrometer, high dispersive large array solid-state detector, was used. The rapid analysis of silicate chemical composition shows that the building mud is mainly inorganic. With the help of Mastersize 2000 laser diffraction particle size analyzer, the mud is composed of clay, silt and sand, in which the clay content is about 35%, and the piling depth is deeper. The greater the sand content of the mud out; The pH value of building mud measured by pH was about 9.93. The effect of slurry properties on flocculation and dehydration performance was studied by contrast test. The results showed that the higher the clay content, the higher the solid content. The larger the amount of flocculant is, the better flocculant can be removed by adding flocculant about 10% or so which can not be removed by natural precipitation. The best flocculant is determined by contrast test method and uniform test method. The optimum molecular weight, concentration and dosage were studied. The effects of the optimum flocculant properties and hydraulic conditions on the flocculation and dehydration properties of mud were studied. At the same time, the dewatering mechanism of the best flocculant was studied by scanning electron microscope. The experimental results showed that the flocculation and dehydration effect of anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) was the best. When the molecular weight is 14 million ~ 16 million, 25ml ~ 27ml APAM solution is added per 250ml mud, the effect is better when the concentration is 0.25 ~ 0.27ml. The structure of untreated mud is loose, the flocculation structure becomes more compact after adding APAM, and the flocculation mechanism of APAM is mainly adsorption bridging: molecular weight and concentration. The solution viscosity and flocculation effect of APAM solution were greatly affected by dissolved water quality and long-term storage. The effect of temperature on viscosity and flocculation of APAM solution was not obvious: glycerol (glycerol), ethylene glycol and urea had good stabilization effect on APAM solution. After a long period of storage, some amide groups on the APAM molecule will react and the structure of APAM will change. The effect of natural gravity sedimentation, centrifugal dehydration and filter bag dehydration on slurry separation was studied. The suitable solid-liquid separation equipment is determined. The mechanical dehydration efficiency is high, but the energy consumption is high. The filter bag dehydration effect is good, safety and energy saving. 4) the water quality index of the supernatant of the building mud is determined. In the range of the optimum molecular weight, concentration and addition amount of APAM, the NH3-N of APAM can reach the first class A standard (TN) of pollutant discharge standard of municipal wastewater treatment plant. SS can meet the first B standard, pH of the liquid meets the standard requirements, and the contents of heavy metals and inorganic nonmetallic harmful substances are lower than the maximum allowable emission concentration, and can be discharged directly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU753.3;X799.1

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