本文關(guān)鍵詞：中藥加工廢水生物毒性分析與毒性物質(zhì)識別研究　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 中藥加工廢水 發(fā)光細(xì)菌 生物毒性 毒性物質(zhì)

【摘要】：近年來,隨著人們對飲用水安全和環(huán)境健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的關(guān)注,中藥加工廢水的污染問題也越來越受到重視,廢水中的毒性污染物進(jìn)入環(huán)境中會對環(huán)境生態(tài)和人類用水安全造成一定的威脅。然而國內(nèi)外對于中藥加工廢水生物毒性的研究相對較少,對中藥廢水毒性污染物的識別研究更不充分,因此,對中藥加工廢水的生物毒性進(jìn)行深入研究十分必要。本文以湖北十堰地區(qū)某中藥企業(yè)加工廢水為例,對中藥加工廢水的水質(zhì)特征和生物毒性特征進(jìn)行了分析,通過研究發(fā)光細(xì)菌法檢測中藥加工廢水生物毒性的影響因素,建立了適用于中藥加工廢水生物毒性檢測的適宜方案,最后對中藥加工廢水中的毒性物質(zhì)進(jìn)行識別,為后續(xù)的生物毒性研究和中藥廢水的生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和人體健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理提供科學(xué)的參考依據(jù)。中藥加工廢水污染特征分析的研究表明,中藥加工廢水的水質(zhì)情況復(fù)雜,水質(zhì)特征與加工工序、提取方式和藥材品種有關(guān)。丹參和板藍(lán)根經(jīng)水沉和醇沉等工序加工的廢水毒性較大,其藥材洗滌廢水毒性較小。廢水的生物毒性隨濃度的降低而降低。當(dāng)廢水濃度降低至原水濃度的12.5%時,其生物毒性基本降為低毒水平。中藥加工廢水生物毒性分析方法研究表明,發(fā)光細(xì)菌法檢測中藥廢水生物毒性的最佳條件為p H為6~7.5,溫度為15℃和25℃,暴露時間為30min。試驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),最佳條件下生物毒性檢測結(jié)果的相對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差小于參考試驗(yàn)條件下生物毒性檢測結(jié)果的相對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差,說明最佳條件下的生物毒性檢測方法即為發(fā)光細(xì)菌檢測中藥加工廢水生物毒性的適宜方法。分別從中藥材所含的毒性成分和中藥加工廢水的污染物兩個角度開展中藥加工廢水有毒物質(zhì)識別研究,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),廢水中的毒性物質(zhì)與中藥材的毒性成分并無必然聯(lián)系,廢水中的有毒物質(zhì)主要有鹵代脂肪烴類、單環(huán)芳香族化合物、多環(huán)芳烴類和增塑劑,另外還有部分藥材所含毒性成分。通過以上研究,明確了中藥加工廢水的污染特征,建立了中藥加工廢水生物毒性適宜檢測方案,對中藥加工廢水中的毒性物質(zhì)識別進(jìn)行了初步探索。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the concern of drinking water safety and environmental health risks, more and more attention has been paid to the pollution of wastewater from traditional Chinese medicine processing. The entry of toxic pollutants from wastewater into the environment will pose a certain threat to the environmental ecology and human water security. However, there is relatively little research on the biological toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine processing wastewater at home and abroad. Therefore, it is necessary to study the biological toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine processing wastewater. This paper takes a traditional Chinese medicine enterprise in Shiyan area of Hubei province as an example. The characteristics of water quality and biological toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine processing wastewater were analyzed, and the influencing factors of biological toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine processing wastewater were studied by means of luminescent bacteria method. A suitable scheme for biotoxicity detection of traditional Chinese medicine processing wastewater was established. Finally, the toxic substances in traditional Chinese medicine processing wastewater were identified. It provides a scientific reference basis for the further study of biotoxicity and the ecological risk and human health risk management of traditional Chinese medicine wastewater. The analysis of pollution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine processing wastewater shows that. The water quality of traditional Chinese medicine processing wastewater is complex, and the water quality characteristics are related to the processing process, extraction method and the variety of medicinal materials. The wastewater from salvia miltiorrhiza and Radix Isatidis is toxic in the processes of water sedimentation and alcohol precipitation. The biotoxicity of the wastewater decreased with the decrease of the concentration. When the concentration of the wastewater decreased to 12.5 of the concentration of raw water. The study of biotoxicity analysis method of traditional Chinese medicine processing wastewater showed that the best condition for the detection of biological toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine wastewater by luminescent bacteria method was that pH was 67.5. The temperature was 15 鈩，

本文編號：1413955