中草藥殘?jiān)醚鯀捬躐詈习l(fā)酵產(chǎn)甲烷特性
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-11 06:11
本文關(guān)鍵詞：中草藥殘?jiān)醚鯀捬躐詈习l(fā)酵產(chǎn)甲烷特性 出處：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文 論文類型：學(xué)位論文
更多相關(guān)文章： 中草藥殘?jiān)?/b> 兩相耦合發(fā)酵 VS甲烷產(chǎn)率 累積甲烷產(chǎn)量 TS降解率
【摘要】：在中國中草藥殘?jiān)?Chinese Herb-extraction Residues,CHER)的年產(chǎn)量在100萬噸以上,是一種重要的固體有機(jī)廢棄物。中草藥工業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展給我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)做出了貢獻(xiàn),而與此同時(shí)在中草藥生產(chǎn)過程中產(chǎn)生的CHER也給生態(tài)環(huán)境帶來不可忽視的壓力。CHER中富含糖類、甙類、蔥酮、木質(zhì)素、生物堿、靴質(zhì)和粗蛋白等有機(jī)化合物,如處理不當(dāng)會對周邊生態(tài)環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重打擊。目前針對CHER比較常見的處理方式是衛(wèi)生填埋和焚燒,然而這些處理方式會不可避免的對周邊地下水源、土壤和空氣造成二次污染。與此同時(shí),CHER也是一種能夠被厭氧微生物降解發(fā)酵利用的生物質(zhì)資源,但CHER中中性洗滌纖維(NDF)約占50%左右,由于木質(zhì)素的物理屏蔽作用,阻礙了微生物細(xì)胞胞外酶與纖維素、半纖維素的接觸,限制CHER中纖維素、半纖維素的水解速率,導(dǎo)致其厭氧發(fā)酵過程緩慢,VS產(chǎn)甲烷率較低�？梢娔举|(zhì)素的降解是水解酸化的首要步驟,而木質(zhì)素最初的裂解需要分子氧的存在,未經(jīng)過好氧處理的木質(zhì)素幾乎不能在厭氧環(huán)境下被微生物降解。為此將厭氧發(fā)酵分成兩相進(jìn)行,即首先對CHER進(jìn)行中溫好氧水解產(chǎn)酸發(fā)酵,之后進(jìn)行產(chǎn)甲烷發(fā)酵試驗(yàn),并且將不同種類的中草藥殘?jiān)?CHER)的單相厭氧產(chǎn)甲烷發(fā)酵過程與好氧厭氧兩相耦合產(chǎn)甲烷發(fā)酵過程進(jìn)行對比,將過程中甲烷累積產(chǎn)量、VS甲烷產(chǎn)率、日產(chǎn)甲烷量以及TS降解率等參數(shù)進(jìn)行深入的對照研究。結(jié)果表明:(1)好氧厭氧兩相耦合發(fā)酵模式對改善兩種CHER產(chǎn)甲烷潛能提高厭氧發(fā)酵的累積甲烷產(chǎn)量、VS甲烷產(chǎn)率和日產(chǎn)甲烷量均有顯著效果,對累積甲烷產(chǎn)量最大提升率為35.7%,對VS甲烷產(chǎn)率的最大提升率為31.1%,對日產(chǎn)甲烷量的最大提升率為52.4%。(2)好氧水解酸化微生物能夠有效的破壞木質(zhì)素的物理屏蔽使更多的纖維素、半纖維素被降解,好氧厭氧耦合發(fā)酵模式相對于單相厭氧發(fā)酵對兩種CHER的TS降解率有顯著的提升。(3)不同好氧水解發(fā)酵時(shí)長對兩種CHER厭氧產(chǎn)甲烷發(fā)酵的各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)的提升差別顯著。在本試驗(yàn)中在對兩種中草藥殘?jiān)醚跛馑峄l(fā)酵24h時(shí),CHER-A的累積甲烷產(chǎn)量提升了30.9%,VS甲烷產(chǎn)率提升了23.6%,最大日產(chǎn)甲烷量提升了25.5%,底物TS降解率提升到37.9%;CHERB的累積甲烷產(chǎn)量提升了35.7%,VS甲烷產(chǎn)率提升了31.1%,最大日產(chǎn)甲烷量提升了52.4%,底物TS降解率提升到了40.0%。所以,在好養(yǎng)厭氧耦合發(fā)酵模式中好氧水解酸化發(fā)酵相的最佳運(yùn)行時(shí)長為24小時(shí)。
[Abstract]:The annual output of Chinese Herb-extraction residuesCher is more than 1 million tons. Chinese herbal medicine industry is an important solid organic waste. The rapid development of Chinese herbal medicine industry has contributed to the development of urbanization in China. At the same time, the CHER produced in the production process of Chinese herbal medicine also brought the ecological environment a pressure that can not be ignored. Cher is rich in sugar, glycosides, onion ketones, lignin, alkaloids. Organic compounds such as boot and crude protein, such as improper treatment, will cause serious damage to the surrounding ecological environment. At present, sanitary landfills and incineration are the most common treatment methods for CHER. However, these treatments will inevitably cause secondary pollution to the surrounding groundwater, soil and air. At the same time, Cher is also a biomass resource that can be degraded and fermented by anaerobic microorganisms. However, the neutral washing fiber (NDF) accounted for about 50% in CHER. Because of the physical shielding of lignin, the contact of extracellular enzymes with cellulose and hemicellulose in microbial cells was hindered. Limiting the hydrolysis rate of cellulose and hemicellulose in CHER resulted in a low methanogenic rate of VS during anaerobic fermentation. It can be seen that the degradation of lignin is the first step of hydrolysis and acidification. However, the initial decomposition of lignin requires the presence of molecular oxygen, and the lignin without aerobic treatment can hardly be degraded by microorganisms in anaerobic environment. Therefore, anaerobic fermentation is divided into two phases. That is to say, CHER was first hydrolyzed by medium temperature aerobic acid-producing fermentation, and then methanogenic fermentation was carried out. The single-phase anaerobic methanogenic fermentation process was compared with the aerobic anaerobic two-phase coupling methanogenic fermentation process, and the cumulative methane production and the methane production rate were compared. The methane-producing amount and the degradation rate of TS were studied in detail. The results showed that the ratio of Ch _ 4 to T _ 2O _ 1 was 1). Aerobic anaerobic two-phase coupling fermentation model improved the methane production potential of two kinds of CHER and increased the cumulative methane production of anaerobic fermentation. Both the methane production rate and the daily methane production rate of vs were significant, the maximum promotion rate of cumulative methane production was 35.7%, and the maximum promotion rate of vs methane production rate was 31.1%. Aerobic hydrolytic acidification microorganisms can effectively destroy the physical shielding of lignin so that more cellulose hemicellulose is degraded. Compared with single-phase anaerobic fermentation, the aerobic anaerobic coupling fermentation mode significantly improved the TS degradation rate of two CHER. There were significant differences between the two CHER anaerobic methanogenic fermentation indexes with different aerobic hydrolytic fermentation time. In this experiment, the aerobic hydrolytic acidification fermentation of the residue of the two Chinese herbal medicines was carried out for 24 hours. The cumulative methane production of CHER-A increased by 30.9 and vs methane production increased by 23.6am, the maximum daily methane production increased by 25.5, and the TS degradation rate of substrate increased to 37.9; The cumulative methane production of CHERB increased by 35.7% and the methane yield of vs increased by 31. 1 and the maximum daily methane production increased by 52.4%. The TS degradation rate of substrate was increased to 40. 0%. Therefore, the optimal operating time of aerobic hydrolytic acidified fermentation phase was 24 hours in the aerobic anaerobic coupling fermentation model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X787;TQ221.11
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 周孟津;藺金印;張定友;;畜禽糞便沼氣工程技術(shù)進(jìn)步與存在問題[J];陽光能源;2010年03期
，本文編號：1408405
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