本文關鍵詞：鹽酸嗎啉胍在水稻田中的殘留消解動態(tài)及其水解　出處：《湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 鹽酸嗎啉胍 水稻環(huán)境 殘留 消解動態(tài) 水解

【摘要】：鹽酸嗎啉胍又名病毒靈,是一種廣譜、低毒病毒防治劑[4],其主要功用是抑制病毒繁殖增殖,起到防治病毒的作用。在農(nóng)業(yè)應用中是一種可以起防治水稻黑條矮縮病的殺菌劑。通過田間試驗和實驗室分析對鹽酸嗎啉胍在稻田環(huán)境中的殘留消解行為進行研究,主要是其在稻田土壤、田水、水稻植株的消解動態(tài),以及其在稻桿、稻田土壤、稻米、稻殼中的殘留量；探索鹽酸嗎啉胍在不同條件下的水解效果。論文主要有以下內(nèi)容：(1)建立了適用于鹽酸嗎啉胍在稻田水、稻田土壤、植株或稻桿、稻米、稻殼的高效、簡便、快速、準確的HCLP檢測方法。鹽酸嗎啉胍標準溶液濃度(x, mg/L)在0.10-10.08mg/L范圍時對應的峰面積(y, mAU)呈良好線性相關性,標樣線性方程為：y=160.83X+2.5164,相關系數(shù)為：r=0.9992。鹽酸嗎啉胍在各類樣品中的平均加標回收率為84.7%-103.1%,RSD為0.86%-9.4%。方法最小檢出量為1.0×10-9 g,最低檢出濃度在稻米、稻殼、植株中為0.025 mg/kg,土壤中為0.0375 mg/kg,田水中為0.010 mg/L。(2)5%鹽酸嗎啉胍在稻田水、稻田土壤、水稻植株中的降解均可用一級化學反應動力學方程式：Ct=Coe-kt來擬合試驗數(shù)據(jù),計算出鹽酸嗎啉胍在稻田水中的消解半衰期在2.18d-14.52d之間,平均消解半衰期為6.92 d。在稻田土壤中的消解半衰期在8.07d-20.81d之間,平均的消解半衰期為13.99d。在水稻植株中的消解半衰期在2.73 d-10.91 d之間,平均的消解半衰期為7.65d。(3)根據(jù)農(nóng)藥殘留試驗結果推薦鹽酸嗎啉胍在糙米中的MRL值為3 mg/kg。將鹽酸嗎啉胍5%水劑按推薦使用劑量222.5 g/hm2(有效成分：196.6 g/hm2)兌水稀釋至675L/hm2,施藥3次,施藥間隔期為7d,在最后一次施藥后10d以上收獲的水稻糙米中鹽酸嗎啉胍殘留量最高為0.972 mg/kg,低于擬推薦的MRL值(參考值3.0 mg/kg),故在距最后一次施藥后的10d以上收獲的水稻糙米是可安全食用的。(4)pH、溫度、初始濃度、腐殖酸、尿素、磷酸氫鈣、Cu~(2+)均對鹽酸嗎啉胍水解有不同影響。在pH偏堿性、溫度較高、初始濃度較低的條件下,鹽酸嗎啉胍更容易發(fā)生水解；腐殖酸對鹽酸嗎啉胍水解的影響是呈倒U型的,尿素、磷酸氫鈣、Cu~(2+)對鹽酸嗎啉胍水解存在不同程度的促進作用。
[Abstract]:ABOB aka virus spirit, is a broad-spectrum, low toxicity and virus prevention agent [4], its main function is to inhibit the proliferation of virus propagation, to control the virus. In agricultural application is a kind of can control rice black streaked dwarf disease fungicide. Through field experiment and laboratory analysis were used to study residue behavior of Moroxydine hydrochloride in paddy field, mainly in the paddy soil, paddy water, degradation of rice, and the rice straw, paddy soil, rice, residue in rice hull; exploration of Moroxydine Hydrochloride in different conditions. The effect of hydrolysis of the main contents are as follows: (1) was established for Moroxydine Hydrochloride in paddy water, soil, plant or straw, rice husk, efficient, simple, rapid, accurate method for the detection of HCLP. The concentration of Moroxydine Hydrochloride Standard Solution (x, mg/L) in the range of 0.10-10.08mg/L The peak area (y, mAU) showed a good linear correlation, standard linear equation was y=160.83X+2.5164, correlation coefficient: r=0.9992. guanidine hydrochloride in various samples with the recovery of 84.7%-103.1%, RSD is 0.86%-9.4%. the minimum detectable amount to 1 * 10-9 g, the minimum detectable concentration in rice husk. 0.025 mg/kg plants, 0.0375 mg/kg in soil, paddy water was 0.010 mg/L. (2) 5% Moroxydine Hydrochloride in paddy water and paddy soil, the degradation of rice plants are available in a chemical reaction kinetics equation: Ct=Coe-kt to fit the experimental data, the calculated ABOB half-life in water in the rice fields between 2.18d-14.52d, the average half-life of 6.92 D. in paddy soil half-life of between 8.07d-20.81d, the average half-life of 13.99d. in rice plants in the elimination half-life in 2.73 d-10. solution 91 D, the average half-life of 7.65d. (3) according to the recommendation of Moroxydine Hydrochloride in Rice Test of pesticide residues MRL 3 mg/kg. guanidine hydrochloride 5% agent according to the recommended dose of 222.5 g/hm2 (effective ingredients: 196.6 g/hm2) diluted to 675L/hm2, application of drugs 3 times spraying interval 7d, in rice after the last application of 10d above the harvest of Moroxydine Hydrochloride in residues of up to 0.972 mg/kg, lower than to recommend the MRL value (reference value of 3 mg/kg), brown rice in the distance above the last application of 10d after harvest is safe to eat. (4) pH, temperature, initial concentration, humic acid, urea, calcium phosphate, Cu~ (2+) have different effects on ABOB hydrolysis. Higher temperature in alkaline pH, and lower initial concentration under the condition of Moroxydine Hydrochloride is more prone to hydrolysis; humic acid hydrolysis of Moroxydine Hydrochloride. The reaction was inverted U, and urea, calcium hydrogen phosphate and Cu~ (2+) promoted the hydrolysis of morpholine hydrochloric acid to different degrees.

【學位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X592

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