本文關(guān)鍵詞：機(jī)械攪拌厭氧消化池流態(tài)研究　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 厭氧消化池 機(jī)械攪拌 流態(tài) 示蹤實(shí)驗(yàn) 計(jì)算流體力學(xué)

【摘要】：厭氧消化工藝可以同時(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)固體廢物處理和能源回收利用,在市政污泥、城市生活垃圾、餐廚垃圾、農(nóng)業(yè)垃圾、禽畜糞便等固體廢物處理中具有廣泛的應(yīng)用。厭氧消化過程是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的生物反應(yīng)過程,混合效果對(duì)厭氧消化具有重要影響。目前對(duì)厭氧消化的研究主要集中在預(yù)處理、物料共消化,分級(jí)分相等旨在提高厭氧消化效率的技術(shù)手段方面,對(duì)厭氧消化反應(yīng)器流場特性研究較少。在厭氧消化池設(shè)計(jì)中,對(duì)消化池池型和攪拌強(qiáng)度的選擇主要依靠設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。本課題結(jié)合示蹤實(shí)驗(yàn)和計(jì)算流體力學(xué)(CFD),對(duì)小試規(guī)模的反應(yīng)器以及工程運(yùn)行中的生產(chǎn)規(guī)模消化池,進(jìn)行停留時(shí)間分布(RTD)和流態(tài)模擬研究。以機(jī)械攪拌厭氧消化池作為研究對(duì)象,通過對(duì)多種污泥濃度、攪拌方式、消化池池型條件下厭氧消化反應(yīng)器的流態(tài)特征進(jìn)行研究,揭示機(jī)械攪拌厭氧消化池內(nèi)部流場的流態(tài)特征和變化規(guī)律,明確影響厭氧消化池流場的主要因素。為工程設(shè)計(jì)提供指導(dǎo)和依據(jù)。其中CFD模擬過程中以水作為模擬介質(zhì),因此模擬結(jié)果僅對(duì)低濃度消化物料有效。在小試實(shí)驗(yàn)中,通過對(duì)進(jìn)料TS濃度分別為2.5、5.0和10.0 g/L的污泥厭氧消化反應(yīng)器進(jìn)行示蹤實(shí)驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)污泥濃度以及采用連續(xù)或間歇兩種攪拌方式,對(duì)消化池運(yùn)行和內(nèi)部流態(tài)特征沒有影響。通過CFD模擬對(duì)不同高徑比(H/D)圓柱形和卵形消化池模型進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明,攪拌器形式和消化池高徑比H/D對(duì)消化池流場特征具有顯著影響。中心攪拌的圓柱形消化池,H/D增加時(shí),消化池平均流速降低;側(cè)入攪拌消化池H/D提高時(shí),平均流速也隨之提高。卵形消化池流態(tài)特征基本不受高徑比影響。對(duì)四座運(yùn)行中的大、中型厭氧消化池進(jìn)行示蹤實(shí)驗(yàn)。各厭氧消化池的示蹤曲線和RTD曲線與理想CSTR曲線一致,消化池內(nèi)部流態(tài)特征完全混合狀態(tài)。各消化池內(nèi)均存在一定比例的死區(qū),但是物料的分散度都較高,基本不發(fā)生短流。頂入式中心攪拌厭氧消化池更接近CSTR反應(yīng)器,側(cè)入攪拌消化池偏離CSTR的程度高。CFD模擬結(jié)果顯示,卵形消化池在中部混合效果較弱,圓柱形消化池內(nèi)流場分布更加均勻。大型厭氧消化池宜采用大扭矩慢速攪拌器,不宜采用過高的攪拌轉(zhuǎn)速和攪拌功率。
[Abstract]:Anaerobic digestion process can simultaneously achieve solid waste disposal and recycling of energy, in the municipal sludge, city garbage, food waste, agricultural waste, livestock manure is widely used in solid waste treatment. Anaerobic digestion process is a complex biological process, the mixing effect has important influence on the current research on anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digestion is mainly concentrated in the pretreatment, CO digestion of material, technique means the classification phase. It is aimed at improving the efficiency of anaerobic digestion, anaerobic digestion of the reactor flow characteristics of less. In the anaerobic digester in the design of digestion tank and stirring intensity selection mainly depends on the design experience. The research combined with the tracer experiment and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the scale of production of digestion tank reactor of lab scale and project operation, of the residence time distribution (RTD) and flow simulation In order to study. Mechanical stirring anaerobic digester as the research object, through a variety of sludge concentration, stirring method, study on flow characteristics of anaerobic digestion reactor digestion pool conditions, reveal the mechanical pattern and the variation characteristics of the internal flow field of anaerobic digester mixing, clear main factors influencing anaerobic digester flow to provide guidance. And the basis for the engineering design. The simulation process of CFD simulation in water as medium, so the simulation results only for low concentration digestion materials effectively. In laboratory experiments, conducted by tracer experiment of sludge anaerobic digestion reactor to feed TS concentration were 2.5,5.0 and 10 g/L, sludge concentration and found that continuous or intermittent two mixing methods, has no effect on the digester operation and internal flow characteristics. Through CFD simulation of different ratio of height to diameter (H/D) and cylindrical digester model for research Study. The results showed that the agitator types and digestion tank height to diameter ratio of H/D had significant effects on the flow characteristics of the digester. Cylindrical digester mixing center, H/D increases, the average flow rate decrease digester; improve the mixing side into the digester H/D, the average flow velocity increases. Digestion pool pattern ovate no the ratio of height to diameter. On four in the operation of large, medium-sized anaerobic digester of the anaerobic digester tracer experiments. The tracer curve and the RTD curve is consistent with the ideal CSTR curve, the internal flow characteristics of digester completely mixed state. The digester are kept in a certain proportion of the dead, but the material dispersion high, basically no short flow. Top entry type anaerobic digester mixing center closer to the CSTR reactor side into a mixing digester from CSTR high degree of.CFD simulation results show that the digester in the middle part of the mixing effect is weak, cylindrical The distribution of the flow field in the digestible pool is more uniform. The large anaerobic digestion tank should adopt the large torque and slow speed agitator, which is not suitable to use high stirring speed and stirring power.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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