本文關(guān)鍵詞：污泥與褐煤水熱脫水提質(zhì)及共成漿特性研究　出處：《東南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 城市污泥 褐煤 水熱提質(zhì) 煤化作用 污泥煤漿

【摘要】：將污泥與低階褐煤水熱脫水提質(zhì)制備低黏高濃度漿體燃料,不僅可以將污泥內(nèi)部的結(jié)合水轉(zhuǎn)化為有利于成漿的自由水,還可以實(shí)現(xiàn)污泥的減量化、無害化和資源化。但是對(duì)于污泥與褐煤水熱提質(zhì)過程中的煤化作用機(jī)理以及提質(zhì)之后的成漿特性有待深入研究。本文考察了水熱處理溫度和污泥添加量對(duì)提質(zhì)產(chǎn)物理化特性和漿體燃料的成漿性、流變特性、穩(wěn)定性的影響。采用元素分析、工業(yè)分析、FTIR、13C-NMR、GC-MS等儀器設(shè)備對(duì)提質(zhì)產(chǎn)物的理化特性進(jìn)行了分析表征,獲得了原料中的碳分布到氣液固三相產(chǎn)物中的規(guī)律,深入探究了污泥褐煤在水熱過程中發(fā)生的煤化作用機(jī)理。通過元素和工業(yè)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著水熱溫度升高,污泥與褐煤提質(zhì)固產(chǎn)物水分和氧含量顯著降低,固定碳含量升高,熱值大幅度提高,疏水性增強(qiáng),重吸水能力減弱,煤化程度加深。隨著污泥添加量的增加,提質(zhì)固產(chǎn)物平衡水含量和重吸水率逐漸降低,O/C原子個(gè)數(shù)比顯著下降。GC-MS分析表明,提質(zhì)廢液中有機(jī)組分主要為酚類、酮類、雜環(huán)類、胺類、酯類、烷烴類。隨著水熱溫度升高,廢液中雜環(huán)類和胺類的含量呈增加的趨勢(shì),酮類的含量在水熱溫度為200℃～250℃時(shí)相對(duì)較高；胺類主要來自污泥中蛋白質(zhì)的水解,酚類主要來自木質(zhì)素的部分水解或褐煤大分子側(cè)鏈中較弱鍵的斷裂。水熱處理過程中,由于脫羧、脫甲烷以及分解反應(yīng)的發(fā)生會(huì)有一定量的氣體產(chǎn)生,其主要組分為CO2、CO、H2和CH4。原料中的氧主要以CO2的形式釋放出來。FTIR分析表明,污泥與褐煤在提質(zhì)過程中發(fā)生了顯著的脫水和脫羧反應(yīng),使得固產(chǎn)物羥基或羧基官能團(tuán)中-OH和酰胺或羧基官能團(tuán)中-C=O的相對(duì)光譜吸收強(qiáng)度顯著降低。通過13C NMR分析發(fā)現(xiàn),城市污泥中脂肪碳和烷氧基碳的含量分別占總有機(jī)碳的43.35%和30.53%。隨著水熱溫度升高,烷氧基碳減少的速率最快,其相對(duì)含量至少減少40.97%,羧基和羰基的相對(duì)含量分別至少減少12.5%和15.63%,說明固產(chǎn)物中氧元素的減少不僅與脫水作用有關(guān),與羰基和羧基的轉(zhuǎn)化以及甲氧基的變化也密切相關(guān)。污泥摻混褐煤水熱提質(zhì)之后仍然有90%以上的碳保留在漿體中,對(duì)于漿體在氣化過程中實(shí)現(xiàn)碳的最大轉(zhuǎn)化非常重要。水熱脫水提質(zhì)顯著地脫除原料內(nèi)部的結(jié)合水,改變?cè)系挠H水特性,提高漿體的定粘濃度,并且提質(zhì)廢液中含有大量的酚、苯并芘、低環(huán)苯系物等具備水煤漿分散劑基本分子結(jié)構(gòu)特征的有機(jī)物,在制漿過程起到分散穩(wěn)定作用,使得漿體在定粘濃度增加的同時(shí),仍然保持較好的假塑性流變特性和較高的穩(wěn)定性。當(dāng)污泥摻混量為50%時(shí),內(nèi)蒙古褐煤和云南褐煤兩種廢液污泥煤漿的定粘濃度分別達(dá)到58.13%和64.78%。
[Abstract]:Low viscosity and high concentration slurry fuel can be prepared by dehydration of sludge and low rank lignite, which can not only transform the binding water of sludge into free water in favor of pulp formation, but also realize the reduction of sludge. However, the mechanism of coalification in the process of sludge and lignite hydrothermal extraction and the characteristics of slurry formation after purification need to be deeply studied. The effects of hydrothermal treatment temperature and sludge addition on the yield of lignite were investigated in this paper. Physical and chemical properties and slurry properties of slurry fuels. The physical and chemical properties of the products were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR 13C-NMR-GC-MS and so on. The distribution of carbon from raw materials to gas-liquid-solid three-phase products was obtained, and the coalification mechanism of sludge lignite in hydrothermal process was deeply explored. Through element and industrial analysis, it was found that with the increase of hydrothermal temperature. The content of water and oxygen in the solid product of sludge and lignite decreased significantly, the fixed carbon content increased, the calorific value increased significantly, the hydrophobicity increased, the heavy water absorption capacity weakened, and the degree of coalification deepened. The equilibrium water content and the heavy water absorption ratio of the extracted solid products gradually decreased. GC-MS analysis showed that the main components in the waste liquor were phenols ketones heterocycles and amines. Esters, alkanes. With the increase of hydrothermal temperature, the contents of heterocyclic compounds and amines in waste liquid tend to increase, and the contents of ketones are relatively high when the hydrothermal temperature is 200 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1374463