本文關(guān)鍵詞：陜西農(nóng)村糞便處理設(shè)施建造適用技術(shù)評(píng)價(jià)研究　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 適用技術(shù) 循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì) 未知有理數(shù) 物元可拓

【摘要】：通過(guò)先后兩次對(duì)陜西農(nóng)村三大地區(qū)31個(gè)村莊的糞便處理設(shè)施建設(shè)情況實(shí)地調(diào)研,發(fā)現(xiàn)雖然農(nóng)村改水、改廁政策日益普及,但我省農(nóng)村糞便處理設(shè)施仍存在資金短缺、缺乏合理的技術(shù)選用指導(dǎo)、管理不當(dāng)?shù)葐?wèn)題,致使生態(tài)環(huán)境遭到嚴(yán)重污染。而農(nóng)村改廁應(yīng)與村莊整治統(tǒng)一規(guī)劃,協(xié)調(diào)進(jìn)行,降低重復(fù)建設(shè)帶來(lái)的浪費(fèi)、減少糞便處理模式選擇錯(cuò)誤和建造不規(guī)范帶來(lái)的損失,因此有必要對(duì)農(nóng)村糞便處理設(shè)施建造技術(shù)的選用進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性研究。論文以陜西農(nóng)村糞便處理基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施為研究對(duì)象,以循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)理論為研究基礎(chǔ),以適用技術(shù)為研究切入點(diǎn),以定性、定量分析相結(jié)合為主要研究手段展開研究。1.通過(guò)對(duì)陜西農(nóng)村糞便處理基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施調(diào)研結(jié)果的分析,總結(jié)現(xiàn)階段我省農(nóng)村糞便處理設(shè)施現(xiàn)狀及其在經(jīng)濟(jì)、技術(shù)、環(huán)境、管理方面存在的問(wèn)題。2.查閱國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究資料,總結(jié)農(nóng)村糞便處理主要模式,并分析其適用性。3.引入適用技術(shù)理論,并對(duì)其概念進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展,尋找該理論與本研究的契合點(diǎn)。從而就適用技術(shù)的“技術(shù)”與“技術(shù)環(huán)境”間的雙向選擇,為農(nóng)村糞便處理技術(shù)的選擇甄選思路。4.即針對(duì)農(nóng)村糞便處理在資金、技術(shù)、環(huán)境、管理上存在的問(wèn)題,結(jié)合適用技術(shù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)、技術(shù)、環(huán)境、社會(huì)四重目標(biāo)屬性,建立農(nóng)村糞便處理設(shè)施適用性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,利用未確知有理數(shù)法確定指標(biāo)權(quán)重,及物元可拓模型分析各備選糞便處理設(shè)施所屬等級(jí),從而確定適用技術(shù)。5.在上述理論基礎(chǔ)上,從“技術(shù)環(huán)境”選擇“技術(shù)”的角度引入案例1,以陜西雙河村改廁為例,利用物元可拓模型對(duì)備選糞便處理設(shè)施擇優(yōu),確定與當(dāng)?shù)匦枨筇卣飨嗥ヅ涞倪m用技術(shù);從“技術(shù)”選擇“技術(shù)環(huán)境”的角度引入案例2,根據(jù)調(diào)研結(jié)果以陜西三大地區(qū)的典型縣為研究區(qū)域,三聯(lián)通沼氣式糞便處理設(shè)施為研究對(duì)象,反向分析技術(shù)的區(qū)域適用性,并分析其評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Through two field investigations on the construction of faecal disposal facilities in 31 villages in three major rural areas of Shaanxi Province, it was found that although the rural areas changed water, the policy of changing toilets became more and more popular. However, there is still a shortage of funds in rural faecal disposal facilities in our province, lack of reasonable technical guidance, improper management and other problems, resulting in serious pollution of the ecological environment. Coordinated to reduce the waste caused by repeated construction, reduce the loss caused by the wrong choice of faecal disposal mode and non-standard construction. Therefore, it is necessary to make a systematic study on the construction technology of rural faecal treatment facilities. This paper takes Shaanxi rural faecal treatment infrastructure as the research object and the theory of circular economy as the research basis. Take the suitable technology as the research breakthrough point, take the qualitative analysis, the quantitative analysis unifies as the main research means to carry on the research. 1. Through the analysis to the Shaanxi countryside faecal disposal infrastructure investigation result. Summarize the present situation of rural faecal disposal facilities in our province and the existing problems in economy, technology, environment, management. 2. Consult the relevant research data at home and abroad, summarize the main patterns of rural excrement treatment. And analyze its applicability. 3.Introduces the theory of applicable technology, and extends its concept to find the point of convergence between the theory and this study, so as to choose the "technology" and "technological environment" of the applicable technology in both directions. For the selection of rural faecal disposal technology selection thinking. 4. That is, in view of the rural faeces treatment in the funds, technology, environment, management problems, combined with the applicable technology of economic, technical, environmental. Social quadruple objective attribute, the establishment of rural dejecta facilities suitability evaluation index system, using unascertained rational number method to determine the index weight, and matter-element extension model analysis of the level of each alternative faecal treatment facilities. On the basis of the above theory, case 1 is introduced from the angle of "technical environment" to select "technology", taking Shuanghe Village of Shaanxi Province as an example. The matter-element extension model was used to select the optimal dejecta disposal facilities and the suitable technology was determined to match the characteristics of local needs. Case 2 was introduced from the angle of "technology" to select "technology environment". According to the results of investigation, the typical counties in three major regions of Shaanxi were taken as the research area, and the biogas faecal disposal facilities of three Unicom as the research object. The regional applicability of reverse analysis technique and its evaluation results are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU993

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