本文關(guān)鍵詞：水泥窯協(xié)同處置工業(yè)廢棄物的生命周期評價　出處：《大連理工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

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【摘要】：水泥工業(yè)是我國基礎(chǔ)性原材料工業(yè)的支柱。我國2013年水泥產(chǎn)量相比2012年增加了9.8%,截至2013年底水泥產(chǎn)能達到30億噸／年。由于水泥生產(chǎn)工藝的特殊性,其生產(chǎn)過程中會消耗大量不可再生能源,同時排放大量污染物如S02和NOx等,造成了嚴重的環(huán)境污染。另一方面,我國的工業(yè)廢棄物的產(chǎn)生量不斷增加,2013年我國工業(yè)廢棄物產(chǎn)生量約為32.3億噸,其中危險廢棄物數(shù)量約有4600萬噸。在這樣的背景下,提出了水泥窯協(xié)同處置工業(yè)廢棄物技術(shù),它是指水泥工業(yè)利用現(xiàn)代水泥生產(chǎn)技術(shù)生產(chǎn)水泥的同時,消納、處理部分工業(yè)廢棄物,將其作為替代能源和原料,進行資源化利用,同時不會產(chǎn)生額外的環(huán)境影響。本文以廢白土、廢催化劑和污染土壤等工業(yè)廢棄物為研究對象,運用生命周期評價方法,對水泥窯協(xié)同處置廢棄物的環(huán)境影響進行評價。通過建立生產(chǎn)過程輸入、輸出清單,采用Gabi5.0軟件從全球變暖潛值、資源消耗潛值、人體毒性潛值等方面進行建模與計算,對水泥窯常規(guī)生產(chǎn)工藝與協(xié)同處置工業(yè)廢棄物工藝產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境影響進行比較。本論文主要研究內(nèi)容如下：(1)運用生命周期評價方法,對實施水泥窯協(xié)同處置工業(yè)廢棄物的水泥廠進行環(huán)境影響分析評價。確定研究范圍,追溯水泥生產(chǎn)上下游工段,構(gòu)建水泥生產(chǎn)全過程的生命周期清單,并且根據(jù)企業(yè)實際生產(chǎn)情況將水泥生產(chǎn)過程分為五個單元,對常規(guī)生產(chǎn)和協(xié)調(diào)處置兩種工藝進行環(huán)境影響分析。(2)采用CML2001-Nov.2010模型對數(shù)據(jù)進行特征化和標準化,最終得出生命周期環(huán)境影響評價結(jié)果。計算了包括酸化、水體富營養(yǎng)化和溫室效應(yīng)潛值等在內(nèi)的六種環(huán)境影響類型。結(jié)果表明,功能單位(1t)水泥的生產(chǎn)過程中,常規(guī)生產(chǎn)工藝和協(xié)同處置工藝的環(huán)境影響潛值分別為5.78E-11和5.61E-11,協(xié)同處置工藝使得全生命周期環(huán)境影響潛值降低了2.94%。(3)水泥生產(chǎn)過程最主要的環(huán)境影響是全球變暖和人體毒性,其中協(xié)同處置工藝下這兩種環(huán)境影響分別降低了0.80%和1.80%,資源消耗相比常規(guī)生產(chǎn)降低了11.1%；從全生命周期看,水泥生產(chǎn)中熟料煅燒階段對環(huán)境的影響最大,協(xié)同處置工藝下熟料煅燒階段的環(huán)境影響比常規(guī)生產(chǎn)降低了8.0%。協(xié)同處置工藝相比常規(guī)生產(chǎn)工藝有更好的環(huán)境效益。
[Abstract]:Cement industry is the mainstay of the basic raw material industry in China. In 2013, the cement output in China increased by 9.8% compared with 2012. By end of 2013, cement production capacity has reached 3 billion tons per year. Due to the particularity of cement production process, a large number of non-renewable energy will be consumed in the process of cement production. At the same time, a large number of pollutants, such as S02 and NOx, have caused serious environmental pollution. On the other hand, the production of industrial wastes in China is increasing. In 2013, the production of industrial waste in China was about 3.23 billion tons, of which the quantity of hazardous waste was about 46 million tons. Under this background, the technology of cement kiln coordinated disposal of industrial waste was put forward. It refers to the cement industry using modern cement production technology to produce cement, at the same time, absorb and treat some industrial wastes, take them as alternative energy and raw materials, and use them as resources. At the same time, there will be no additional environmental impact. In this paper, waste clay, waste catalyst and contaminated soil and other industrial wastes as the research object, the use of life cycle evaluation method. The environmental impact of waste disposal in cement kilns was evaluated. By establishing the list of input and output of production process, the potential value of global warming and the potential value of resource consumption were obtained by Gabi5.0 software. Human toxicity potential and other aspects of modeling and calculation. This paper compares the environmental impact between conventional production process of cement kiln and coordinated disposal of industrial waste. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) Life cycle evaluation method is used. The environmental impact analysis and evaluation of cement plant which implements cement kiln cooperative disposal of industrial waste is carried out. The research scope is determined, the upstream and downstream sections of cement production are traced back, and the life cycle list of the whole process of cement production is constructed. And according to the actual production situation of the enterprise cement production process is divided into five units. Environmental impact analysis of conventional production and coordinated disposal. 2) CML2001-Nov.2010 model is used to characterize and standardize the data. Finally, the results of life cycle environmental impact assessment were obtained. Six environmental impact types, including acidification, eutrophication and greenhouse potential, were calculated. The environmental impact potential of conventional production process and cooperative disposal process are 5.78E-11 and 5.61E-11 respectively. Collaborative disposal process makes the whole life cycle environmental impact potential reduced by 2.94. 3) the main environmental impact of cement production process is global warming and human toxicity. The two kinds of environmental effects were reduced by 0.80% and 1.80, respectively, and the resource consumption was decreased by 11.1in comparison with conventional production. From the whole life cycle, the clinker calcination stage has the greatest impact on the environment in cement production. The environmental impact of clinker calcination stage in cooperative disposal process is lower than that in conventional production, and the environmental benefit of collaborative treatment process is better than that of conventional production process.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ172.6;X705

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