本文關(guān)鍵詞：進(jìn)口貿(mào)易技術(shù)溢出對(duì)中國(guó)東中西部碳排放的影響研究　出處：《南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：人類在實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的同時(shí),也造成了嚴(yán)峻的環(huán)境問(wèn)題-全球氣候變暖。經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)所排放的大量二氧化碳是造成全球變暖的重要原因。因此,控制二氧化碳排放受到各國(guó)政府的重視。學(xué)術(shù)界也開(kāi)始對(duì)此相關(guān)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行研究。技術(shù)進(jìn)步是節(jié)能減排的重要措施,而推動(dòng)技術(shù)進(jìn)步的方式有很多途徑。從世界各國(guó)經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看,進(jìn)口貿(mào)易是一國(guó)技術(shù)溢出的重要渠道,通過(guò)進(jìn)口貿(mào)易,實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓,推動(dòng)技術(shù)進(jìn)步,從而提高進(jìn)口國(guó)的節(jié)能減排能力與水平。本文在此背景下,對(duì)中國(guó)進(jìn)口貿(mào)易技術(shù)外溢對(duì)碳排放的影響進(jìn)行研究。首先,本文梳理了相關(guān)研究文獻(xiàn),借鑒已有的研究成果,從中間品、資本品進(jìn)口直接的技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)和其所帶來(lái)的動(dòng)態(tài)技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)兩方面分析了進(jìn)口貿(mào)易技術(shù)溢出對(duì)碳減排的作用機(jī)理。即：中間品、資本品的進(jìn)口能夠帶來(lái)直接的技術(shù)溢出,消費(fèi)品進(jìn)口雖然能減少國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn),減少碳排放,但無(wú)技術(shù)溢出；中間品、資本品的進(jìn)口還可帶來(lái)動(dòng)態(tài)的技術(shù)進(jìn)步效應(yīng),模仿效應(yīng)、培訓(xùn)效應(yīng)和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)效應(yīng)。其次,本文分析了當(dāng)前中國(guó)碳排放現(xiàn)狀及進(jìn)口貿(mào)易的發(fā)展概況。分析結(jié)果表明：中國(guó)碳排放占世界的比重不斷上升；中國(guó)東部地區(qū)的碳排放遠(yuǎn)大于中西部地區(qū)。再次,借鑒經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展對(duì)環(huán)境影響模型,將中間品、資本品進(jìn)口技術(shù)外溢作為自變量,碳排放量作為因變量,加入經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模、經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)、國(guó)內(nèi)技術(shù)進(jìn)步三個(gè)控制變量,并分別引入中間品、資本品進(jìn)口技術(shù)外溢與經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模、經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的交叉項(xiàng)建立了本文的實(shí)證模型,實(shí)證分析了進(jìn)口貿(mào)易技術(shù)溢出對(duì)中國(guó)東中西部碳排放的直接影響和間接影響。從實(shí)證結(jié)果來(lái)看,進(jìn)口貿(mào)易技術(shù)溢出有利于我國(guó)碳減排,中間品相比資本品進(jìn)口在碳減排中作用大；進(jìn)口技術(shù)溢出能夠減少由于經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模擴(kuò)大與第二產(chǎn)業(yè)比重增加所帶來(lái)的碳排放增加量；東部地區(qū)進(jìn)口技術(shù)溢出在碳減排中的作用要大于中、西部地區(qū)；中、西部地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大所帶來(lái)的碳排放增加量要大于東、中部地區(qū)；東部地區(qū)第二產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展比中、西部地區(qū)所帶來(lái)的碳排放增加量大。本文在理論與實(shí)證研究的基礎(chǔ)上提出,要重視發(fā)揮進(jìn)口技術(shù)溢出在碳減排的作用；中國(guó)要繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大進(jìn)口貿(mào)易,增加中間品進(jìn)口比重；中、西部地區(qū)在擴(kuò)大進(jìn)口同時(shí)要加強(qiáng)低碳政策執(zhí)行力度；東部要加強(qiáng)低碳技術(shù)引進(jìn),促進(jìn)第二產(chǎn)業(yè)向低碳轉(zhuǎn)型。
[Abstract]:At the same time, human beings have caused severe environmental problems, such as global warming. A large amount of carbon dioxide emitted from economic activities is an important cause of global warming. The control of carbon dioxide emissions has received the attention of governments. Academic circles also began to study the related issues. Technological progress is an important measure of energy saving and emission reduction. There are many ways to promote technological progress. From the experience of other countries, import trade is an important channel of technology spillover. Through import trade, technology transfer can be realized and technology progress can be promoted. In order to improve the ability and level of energy conservation and emission reduction in importing countries, this paper studies the impact of technology spillover on carbon emissions in China's import trade against this background. First, this paper combs the relevant research literature. Draw lessons from the existing research results, from the intermediate. The direct technology spillover effect of capital goods import and the dynamic technology spillover effect are analyzed in this paper. The import of capital goods can bring direct technology spillover. Although the import of consumer goods can reduce domestic production and reduce carbon emissions, there is no technology spillover. The import of intermediate goods and capital goods can also bring dynamic technological progress effect, imitation effect, training effect and competition effect. This paper analyzes the current situation of China's carbon emissions and the development of import trade. The results show that the proportion of China's carbon emissions in the world is rising; The carbon emissions in the eastern part of China are much larger than those in the central and western regions. Thirdly, using the model of economic development on the environmental impact, intermediate goods, capital goods imported technology spillover as independent variables, carbon emissions as dependent variables. Add the economic scale, economic structure, domestic technological progress three variables, and introduce intermediate goods, capital goods import technology spillover and economic scale, economic structure cross terms to establish the empirical model of this paper. The direct and indirect effects of import trade technology spillover on China's carbon emissions are analyzed empirically. From the empirical results, import trade technology spillover is beneficial to carbon emission reduction in China. Compared with the import of capital goods, intermediate products play a more important role in reducing carbon emissions; Import technology spillover can reduce the increase of carbon emissions caused by the expansion of economic scale and the increase of secondary industry proportion; The effect of import technology spillover on carbon emission reduction in the eastern region is greater than that in the central and western regions; The increase of carbon emission caused by the expansion of economic scale in the western region is larger than that in the eastern and central regions. In the development ratio of the secondary industry in the eastern region, the increase of carbon emission brought by the western region is large. Based on the theoretical and empirical research, this paper puts forward that we should pay attention to the role of import technology spillover in carbon emission reduction; China will continue to expand its import trade and increase the proportion of imports of intermediate goods; China and the western region should strengthen the implementation of low-carbon policies while expanding imports; Eastern to strengthen the introduction of low-carbon technology to promote the secondary industry to low-carbon transition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F752.61;X22

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